https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/20 2022-10-31T05:29:49Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/3868 Special Paper No. 33 of 2022 on Sustaining Momentum for Achieving the Kenya Vision 2030: A Review of the Status of Implementation of the Flagship Projects Kenya attained relatively higher growth rates during the Medium-Term Plan (MTP) II than during the Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (ERS-WEC) and MTP I phases. Economic growth averaged 5.5 per cent during the MTP II phase compared to an average of 5 per cent and 4 per cent attained during the ERS-WEC and MTP I period. The improvement in growth rates between MTP I and MTP II led to tripling of per capita income during the same period. However, it is noteworthy that the country did not meet the growth targets under MTP I and MTP II. Consequently, there was a significant drop in poverty rates during MTP I and MTP II periods. Economic growth rate translated to poverty reduction, though at a relatively slower pace. According to the KIHBS of 2005/06 and KIHBS 2015/16, poverty rate dropped from 46.6 per cent in 2005/06 to 36.1 per cent in 2015/16. This implies that poverty dropped by an average of 1.1 percentage points per year between 2005/06 and 2015/16. However, during the same period, the country attained an average growth of 5.0 per cent. Therefore, the rate of economic growth was relatively faster than poverty reduction pace. The global financial crisis and a number of security challenges affected the country’s attainment of savings and investment targets. Actual savings and investment as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) averaged 12.1 per cent, respectively, during the MTP I against average targets of 21.6 per cent and 27.4 per cent of GDP, respectively. During the MTP II, actual savings and investment improved to an average of 14.6 per cent and 20.0 per cent of GDP, respectively, against average targets of 18.0 per cent and 25.0 per cent of GDP, respectively. The savingsinvestment gap as a percentage of GDP narrowed from 8.0 per cent during MTP I to 5.5 per cent during MTP II. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/3722 Special Paper No. 32 of 2022 on Enhancing Inclusivity by Empowering Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) Onsomu, Eldah; Mose, Victor; Munene, Peter Kenya has made milestones in legal and policy environment which aim at supporting the persons with disabilities (PWDs). This is demonstrated through the inclusion of disability issues in the Kenya Constitution (2010) and enactment of the disability Act (2003) as well as development of the disability policy. As a result, various sectors have developed sector specific policies to inform decisions on how to empower and enhance the welfare of PWDs. However, PWDs still face various forms of exclusion in various socio economic dimensions. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/3677 Special Paper No 31 of 2022 on Research Ecosystem Strengthening through the Development of a Public Affairs Index to Support the Devolved System of Government in Kenya The Public Affairs Index (PAI) is a framework for monitoring delivery of public services at the county level. The Index helps to identify gaps, bring out emerging issues, and guide in prioritizing policy actions. The project that generated the PAI demonstrates the role of KIPPRA, as a think tank and research intermediary, in strengthening frameworks and tools for coordinating key stakeholders in the research ecosystem in Kenya to dialogue, network and enhance research uptake to inform the implementation of the devolved system of government. Through the project, five ecosystem strengthening goals have been achieved, as part of the RISA Fund, namely the building of human capital for the research stakeholders involved, enhancing research uptake into policies and regulations at the national platform as well as county level, equitable and inclusive participation devolved to each of the 47 counties, the networking of assets to drive collaboration between research actors and policy makers, and providing incentives for high quality research. Hence, based on the RISA project, this report provides detailed indicators in the framework across nine pillars, namely fiscal management, economic performance, human capital development, essential infrastructure, environmental management, transparency and accountability, crime and justice, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and social welfare. The indicators that form the pillars were constructed using both primary and secondary data sources and an adapted distance-tofrontier score methodology (DTF). Devolution is one of the most significant changes in governance structure in Kenya, after a long-standing desire to move away from a centralist form of governance since independence. The main objective of creating the new governance structures as spelt out in Article 174 of the Constitution, is to devolve power and resources to attain optimal delivery of public services and allow citizens to effectively participate in governance. The fourth schedule of the Constitution outlines 14 functions now fully devolved to county governments. Since 2013, about Ksh 2 trillion have been disbursed to the counties to facilitate delivery of public services. The County Government Act 2012, the Public Finance Management Act 2012, and the Public Finance Management Regulations 2015 provide the legal framework for devolution and fiscal decentralization. County governments are mandated by the County Government Act 2012 to implement Integrated Development Planning. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/3676 Special Paper No. 30 of 2022 on Research Ecosystem Strengthening through the Development of a Framework for County Business Environment for Micro and Small Enterprises in Kenya This research paper presents the County Business Environment for MSEs (CBEM) 2022. CBEM is a framework that provides a tool for monitoring progress in improving the business environment for growth and survival of MSEs. In 2019, KIPPRA developed the first version of CBEM covering four critical thematic areas that support growth and development of micro and small enterprises, including worksites and related infrastructure, market environment, technical capacity, and governance and regulatory framework. The CBEM 2022 extends this work to capture emerging issues affecting MSEs’ business environment, including Internet connectivity within the worksites, trade participation in market environment and participation in policy and regulatory framework formulation under governance and regulatory framework. Further, two thematic areas on financial inclusion and risk preparedness and management are included, making up a total of 30 indicators. The overall score for 2022 was 29.37, a slight improvement from the status in 2019 at 20.98. Self-regulation was ranked the highest performing indicator, demonstrating the efforts by MSEs to form associations to support their operations. Innovation and patenting pillars scored the least, indicating the need to emphasize on policy interventions that promote innovations and subsequent patenting among the MSEs. On average, the counties that ranked top of the score were Nairobi, Nandi, Kiambu and Nyeri. The project that generated work on the CBEM demonstrates the role of KIPPRA, as a think tank and research intermediary, in strengthening frameworks and tools for coordinating key stakeholders in the research ecosystem in Kenya to dialogue, network and enhance research uptake to inform the improvement of the business environment for growth and survival of MSEs in Kenya. Through the project, five ecosystem strengthening goals have been achieved, as part of the RISA Fund, namely: the building of human capital for the research stakeholders involved, enhancing research uptake into policies and regulations at the national platform and county level, equitable and inclusive participation devolved to each of the 47 counties, the networking of assets to drive collaboration between research actors and policy makers, and providing incentives for high quality research and improvement in the business environment for growth and survival of MSEs. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/3066 Special Paper No. 13 of 2012 on Enhancing Productivity and Competitiveness of the Kenyan Economy Through a Cluster Development Strategy The world economy is undergoing rapid change associated with globalization and liberalization, which has increased the need for industrial competitiveness. Kenya ranks low in global competitiveness and compares unfavourably with the East Asian economies that Kenya aspires to catch up with. During the past four decades, the government has implemented various policy tools to enhance competitiveness and transformation of the economy, but the level of success has been low. Conscious of the challenges facing the Kenyan economy, the National Economic and Social Council (NESC) recommended the adoption of a cluster development strategy. Cluster development strategies and the new structural economics represent an emerging middle ground in development thinking between heavy state interventions and unbridled free markets. Clusterbased development strategies recognize the fundamental role of the invisible hand of the market and the strategic role of the state in facilitation and coordination of development efforts towards economic transformation. 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/2882 Special Paper No. 06 of 2004 on Security Risks and Private Sector Growth in Kenya Crime is one of the major factors that define the investment climate or the enabling environment for private businesses to thrive. A favorable investment climate is crucial for private sector growth, as it reduces the cost of doing business. A good investment climate attracts private investment by assuring "business security". Security of both property and individuals influences the investment climate. Crime and insecurity in Nairobi and in Kenya as a whole has been on the increase over the years. Indeed, the recent upsurge in crime has been reported in the Economic Survey 2004. Furthermore, concerns about crime and insecurity have been widely broadcasted in the media and have been a subject for discussion in various fora, including parliament. The aim of this study is to establish the scope, threats and dynamics of crime and insecurity in Kenya. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to examine issues related to insecurity and crime in Nairobi, including the scope, trends and dynamics of insecurity and crime in Kenya; and to review the implications of crime and insecurity on the business environment especially in terms of private sector business operations and investment. 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/2881 Special Paper No. 02 of 2002 on Legal and Other Constraints on Access to Financial Services in Kenya This Special Paper examines the constraints that limit access to finance and to develop specific recommendations for the removal of legal constraints and further actions to address problems of non-legal nature. The structure of the financial services industry is determined principally by regulations. This report, the result of a consultative, participatory survey process, highlights various deficiencies and weaknesses in current regulations. Stakeholders in the various sectors of the financial services industry were surveyed for their views on how the regulatory framework constrains the provision of financial services. The survey results therefore express the views and opinions of players in the financial services industry. 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/2867 Special Paper No. 01 of 2002 on Thinking About Regulating? The Better Regulation Guide Government legislation and regulations, while necessary in any modern society, impose a considerable cost burden on businesses. The regulatory framework of a country affects all businesses in that it imposes costs of compliance - costs that are passed on to the final consumer. As a result, the extent of regulation affects the competitiveness of Kenyan businesses. Kenya's statute books, as in many other developing countries, are full of unnecessary rules and requirements. The impact on businesses, especially small businesses, is high and this significantly affects their profitability and their ability to generate sustainable employment. In other words, over-regulation in Kenya can constrict employment opportunities. The purpose of The Better Regulation Guide is to set out a framework within which legislation and regulations should be designed, and therefore help in simplifying the regulatory environment for business. 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/2861 Special Paper No. 14 of 2013 on KIPPRA Young Professionals Tracer Survey 2003-2011 The YP programme runs a comprehensive, practical and relevant quality curricula in policy research and analysis. It covers coursework and on-the-job training, during which interns are required to attend KIPPRA internal seminars and may attend external workshops and conferences as guided by their respective supervisors. The key tasks, training curricula, and milestones for the Young Professionals (YPs) include but are not limited to courses in: a) Public policy process b) Research methods c) Econometrics d) Macroeconomic modelling The YPs are evaluated against presentation of a concept paper, oral presentation and submission of an internship paper and policy brief for publication, support in drafting the following year's work plans, as well as participation in their respective division's research. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kippra.or.ke/handle/123456789/2830 Special Paper No. 23 of 2019 on an Assessment of the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability-West Pokot County The rationale for the PEFA assessment is to provide a clear and deeper understanding about the functioning of public finance management systems and the organizational aspects of existing institutions at county levels. The results of the analysis provide useful insights into relevant entry points for desired PFM-related reforms and a benchmark for necessary upgrade of the PFM systems which are still in early stages of development within Kenya’s devolved units of government. The assessment period covered is financial years 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16 depending on the indicator and dimension of assessment. The field work assessment took place in April 2017; this is the time of assessment for those indicators where more up-to-date assessment period is required. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z