Health is postulated to be the greatest asset in any nation. However, majority of the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries experience adverse health outcomes and a manifest of poor household environmental characteristics. Household environmental risk factors/ characteristics have been pointed out to impact on health outcomes. Different studies show that household environmental factors are linked to health outcomes. Nevertheless, there is dearth of studies in Kenya investigating the effects of household environmental characteristics on health outcomes. This study investigates the effects of various household environmental characteristics on health in Kenya using under-five mortality as a proxy indicator of health outcome.