KISUMU
DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN
1997 -2001
FOREWORD
This District Development Plan was prepared by the District Departmental Heads
of various ministries under the co-ordination of the District Commissioner assisted
by the members of the District Planning Unit. The plan drafts were discussed by
members of the District Executive Committee and approved by the District
Development Committee.
Rural Planning Department of the Office of the Vice President and Ministry of
Planning and National Development, provided overall guidance through seminars,
formulation of the guidelines and was also responsible for editing and publication
of the plan.
The plan is divided into three chapters, each of which addresses the theme of the
plan "Rapid Industrialization for Sustained Development".
Chapter One: Provides background information on the districts natural
and human resource base, the level of exploitation of
these resources, the welfare indicators, as well as
socio-economic infrastructure of the district.
Chapter Two: Outlines the major constraints to industrialization and the
strategies that the district will pursue to achieve rapid
industrialization.
Chapter Three: Lists in order of priority for each sector, the major
projects and programmes which the DDC wishes to
implement during the 1997-2001 plan period. Selection
and prioritization of projects and programmes was done
by the DDC.
The drafting of the plan was guided by the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1994 and
other relevant national and sectoral policy documents.
Rural Planning Department
Office of the Vice President and Ministry of
Planning and National Development.
(iii)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD.......................................................................................................................... iii
CHAPTER ONE.....................................................................................................................1
DISTRICT SETTING FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION ........................................................ 1
GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION....................................................................................4
Position and Size..............................................................................•..................... 4
Topography and Climate.......................................................................................5
Administrative and Political Units...................................................................... 6
Local Authorities.....................................................................................................8
POPULATION PROFILE .....................................................................................................9
Population Size ........................................................................................................9
Population Structure............................................................................................. 10
Distribution and Density .................................................................................... 13
Urban Population.................................................................................................. 14
RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND EXPLOITATION FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION . . 15
RESOURCE POTENTIALS................................................................................................ 16
Land and Soils........................................................................................................ 16
Water ...................................................................................................................... 20
Forestry....................................................................................................................21
Commercial Minerals and Materials..................................................................21
Tourist Attractions................................................................................................ 21
Fisheries....................................................................................................................22
RESOURCE EXPLOITATION ...........................................................................................22
Agricultural Activities...........................................................................................22
Livestock Production Activities ........................................................................25
Other Natural Resource Exploitation............................................................... 28
Fisheries:...................................................................................................... 28
Forestry and Agro-Forestry.....................................................................29
Mining............................................................................................................ 29
Industrial Activities .............................................................................................. 30
Commerce Trade and Services ........................................................................30
Formal Sector.............................................................................................. 30
Informal Sector............................................................................................31
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION..................31
Communication Network.......................................................................... ’ . . . 31
Water Facilities.......................................................................................................35
Energy Supply..........................................................................................................37
Educational Facilities ............................................................................................37
Health Facilities.......................................................................................................39
(v)
WELFARE INDICATORS .......................................42
Employment Levels 
Incomes
Agriculture/Livestock Production 43
Wage Earnings 44
Informal Sector 44
Distribution of Incomes 44
Infant Mortality Rates 45
Disease Incidence 46
Nutrition 47
Food Availability 47
Social Dimensions of Development 47
SUPPORTING DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS 48
District Development Committee and It's Sub-Committees 48
Local Authorities 49
Voluntary Agencies 49
Harambee Movement 50
Regional Authorities and Other Major Parastatals 59
Banks and Non-Banking Financial Institutions 51
Co-operative Movement 52
CHAPTER TWO 53
CONSTRAINTS AND STRATEGIES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION 53
INTRODUCTION 55
MAJOR CONSTRAINTS 55
Poor and Inadequate Infrastructural Facilities 55
Inadequate and Poorly Developed Local
Raw Materials for Industrialization 56
Poor Marketing Systems 57
Inaccessibility to Credit Facilities 57
Resource Destabilisation by Floods and Water Hyacinth 58
Underdeveloped Human Resources
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
Improvement of Infrastructural Facilities 58
Development of Local Raw Materials For Industrial Use 59
Improvement of marketing systems 60
Immprovement of Accessibility to Credit Facilities ....................... 60
Flood and Water Hyacinth Management 61
Development Of Human Resources ...................... 61
CHAPTER THREE
SECTORAL POLICIES AND
DISTRICT SPECIFIC PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES 63
AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING .... 65
CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT......................................................................78
EDUCATION ............... , . ........................................................... 81
PUBLIC WORKS AND HOUSING......................................................................87
LAND RECLAMATION AND WASTER DEVELOPMENT.............................96
LANDS AND SETTLEMENT................... ........................................................ 102
HOME AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL HERITAGE .......................................... 106
CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICES.............................................................. 118
RESEARCH, TECHNICAL TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY . /.............. 130
TOURISM AND WILDLIFE ............................4.................................... 133
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY......................................................................... 140
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCE .............................................. 142
HEALTH.......................................................... .. .................................................. 150
LOCAL GOVERNMENT . . . . ........................... 160
ENERGY................................................................................................................ 169
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT ......................................................................... 173
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND MINISTRY
OF PLANNING AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT..................................... 175
(vii)
CHAPTER ONE
DISTRICT SETTING FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
Map No- 1
I LOCATION OF THE DISTRICT I
Prepared by DRSRS
3
L VICTORIA
GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION
This section provides an impression of the geographical setting within which
industrialization will take place in the district. It covers position and size,
topography and climate, administrative and political units.
Position and Size
Kisumu is one of the nine districts forming Nyanza Province and is the largest. It
lies within Longitudes 33° 20'E and 35° 20'E and Latitudes 0° 20'South and 0°
50 South. The district is bordered by Rachuonyo District to the south west, Kisii
District to the south, Nandi District to the north east, Bomet District to the east,
Vihiga District to the north west and Siaya District to the west. The district
covers a total area of 2,660 sq. km of which 567 sq. km are under water. The
total area of the district by division is shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1
Area of the District by Division
Division Area in sq. km
Maseno 339
Muhoroni 329
Miwani 312
Nyando 297
Kadibo 139
Upper Nyakach 232
Lower Nyakach 263
Winam 182
Water bodies 567
Total 2,660
Source: District Commissioner's Office, Kisumu, 1996.
Topography and Climate
The district lies in a down warped part of a large lowland surrounding the Nyanza
Gulf, at the tip of which is Kisumu Town. East of Kisumu Town are the Kano
plains occasionally broken by low ridges and rivers. There are some notable
physical features such as the scarps in the north, east and south. Others include
the hill slopes and piedmont plains spreading across the vast Kano plains. All these
are associated with the formation of the Great Rift Valley.
The district can be divided into 3 topographical zones namely the Kano plains, the
upland area of Nyabondo plateau and the midland areas of Maseno. The Kano
plains lie on the floor of the Rift Valley, which is a flat stretch bordered to the north
and east by the escarpment, while the upland area comprise ridges which rise
gently to an altitude of 1,835m above sea level.
The Kano plains formation, due to the structure on the floor of these escarpments,
renders itself vulnerable to flooding by heavy rains especially the lower Kano plains
and in particular the Nyando Valley. For instance the 1 995 long rains flooded the
area halting all farming and trading activities and residents had to be evacuated to
higher grounds for safety. A lot of crops and livestock were destroyed. Zero
grazing is another potential activity in the Kano plains due to the favourable
climatic conditions and the availability of pasture.
The major outstanding physical features in the district are the overhanging huge
granite rocks at Kisian and the legendary Kit Mikay in Maseno Division, the Lake
Victoria, which is the second largest fresh water lake in the world, the
geographically famous rice-growing Kano plains, lake islands (e.g. Ndere Nahonai
Park is a tourist attraction). The granite rocks are further exploited by the local
population to produce building ballast while the varying types of soils and river
deposits are mined for building sand and moulded and baked into high quality
building bricks in Maseno and Upper Nyakach Divisions.
There are three major rivers, flowing into the Nyanza Gulf namely the Nyando,
Kibos and Sondu. They are heavily silted, resulting in the extensive formation of
lakeside swamps.
The district has a long shoreline along Lake Victoria. This shoreline is 90 km long
and has more than seventeen beaches all of which are fish landing bays. The
mean annual rainfall varies with altitude and proximity to the highlands along the
Nandi Escarpment and Tinderet. Maseno has a mean annual rainfall of 1,630 mm,
Kisumu 1,280mm, Ahero 1,260mm, Kibos 1,290mm, Muhoroni 1,525mm, and
Koru 1,103mm.
The lowland area forms a trough of low rainfall, receiving a mean annual rainfall of
between 1,000mm and 1,800mm. This area has two rainy seasons, with the long
rains occurring in April/May while the short rains occur in August/September.
During the short rains the average annual rainfall ranges between 450mm and
5
600mm. Their reliability is low and the rains are distributed over a long period
making the cultivation of second crops difficult.
Although there is no entirely dry month, the peak generally falls between March
and May, with a secondary peak in September to November. The rainfall
probabilities and the nature of soils in the Kano Plains can have repercussions upon
small scale agriculture. The rainfall here is particularly unpredictable and variable
in the months normally devoted to land preparation and planting. Black cotton soils
are difficult to work on by hand implements without some moisture. However,
during heavy rains work is rendered impossible and small-scale farmers find it
difficult to prepare the land for planting.
Overall the district can be said to receive adequate rainfall. However, at times it
results into floods in some parts of the district.
The mean annual maximum temperatures range from 25 degrees centigrade to 30
degrees centigrade and the mean annual minimum temperatures range from 9
degrees centigrade to 18 degrees centigrade following the altitude variation from
1,144 metres above the sea level on the plains to 1,525 metres above sea level in
the Maseno and Lower Nyakach areas. This has influenced the type of rainfall in
the district.
Administrative and Political Units
Kisumu District is divided into eight administrative divisions, fifty-one locations and
one hundred and fifty-eight sub-locations. The divisions are Winam, Maseno
Nyando, Muhoroni, Lower Nyakach, Kadibo, Miwani and Upper Nyakach. The
divisional headquarters are fairly accessible in terms of telecommunications and the
road network. Table 1.2 shows the administrative units by division. This
information is also depicted in map 2.
6
7
KISUMU DISTRICT
ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES
Table 1.2
Administrative Units by Divisions
Division No. of Locations No. of Sub-Locations
Winam 10 30
Maseno 8 37
Upper Nyakach 5 11
Lower Nyakach 8 16
Nyando 6 17
Kadibo 4 14
Muhoroni 6 17
Miwani 4 16
Total 51 158
Source: District Commissioner's Office, Kisumu, 1996
Local Authorities
There are seventeen electoral wards in the Municipal Council of Kisumu, twenty­
eight in the County Council of Kisumu and six in Ahero Urban Council. The
Municipal Council of Kisumu which is situated in Winam Division, is the largest and
most important urban centre in Western Kenya being the nerve centre of various
commercial activities. Table 1.3 shows the electoral wards in each local authority.
8
mmMh
Table 1.3
Local Authorities
Name of Local Authority No of Wards
Kisumu Municipality 17
Kisumu County Council 28
Ahero Urban Council 6
Total 51
Source: Kisumu Municipal Council and Kisumu County Council, 1996.
The district presently has five constituencies namely: Kisumu Town, Kisumu Rural,
Muhoroni, Nyando and Nyakach constituencies. Except for Kisumu Town
constituency which covers Winam Division and Kisumu rural constituency which
covers Maseno Division, all the other three constituencies cover two divisions each.
POPULATION PROFILES
Population Size
The district's population in 1989 was 664,086 people. Given an annual growth
rate of 3.35% it is projected to rise to 868,167 by 1997, 928,320 by 1999, and
992,647 in 2001.
Table 1.4 shows population projections for the district.
9
Table 1.4
District Population Projections by Age Cohorts
Age Cohorts 1989 1997 1999 2001
0-4 117,516 153,630 164,275 175,657
5-9 102,782 134,368 143,678 153,633
0-14 90,276 118,019 126,196 134,940
15-19 70,492 92,155 98,540 105,368
20-24 58,208 76,096 81,363 87,006
25-29 50,726 66,315 70,909 75,823
30-34 38,492 50,321 53,808 57,536
35-39 30,101 39,351 42,078 44,993
40-44 23,879 31,217 33,380 35,693
45-49 19,087 24,953 26,682 28,530
50-54 16,092 21,037 22,495 24,054
55-59 13,204 17,262 18,458 19,737
60-64 11,292 14,762 15,785 16,879
65-69 7,779 10,170 10,874 11,628
70-74 5,998 7,841 8,385 8,966
75-79 4,068 5,318 5,687 6,081
80 + 3,510 4,589 4,907 5,247
Age N.S 584 763 816 873
Total 664,086 868,167 928,320 992,642
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996
hTahse  high population incrreduced deaths of theea suen dise ar tftirviebsu.ted to improved primary health care wh-Ic"
Population Structure
pAagreti/cSuelxa rlSy trsuoc tinu raeg: esI n 101-92899  ytehaerrse  awnde re4 5m-4o9r ey efeamrsa. leOs vtehra nth em aplleasn  n Th• ’'n W3S
female population is projected to continue to dominate especially in the Pen°d/ tfle
indicated. The youthful population 0-19 yrs comprised 57.3% o^9?9roups
population in 1989. This youthful population will continue to dominate th* tOta*
population over the plan period. The increase in youthful population • he total
k h lauun is attributed 
10
to improved health which has reduced infant mortality as well as improved living
standards.
Table 1.5 shows age sex population projections
Table 1.5
District Aqe/Sex Population Projections
Age Cohorts 1989 1997 1999 2001
M F M F M F M F
0-4 59,074 58,442 77,228 76,402 82,570 81,696 88,301 87,356
5-9 51,503 51,279 67,330 67,038 71,996 71,682 76,984 76,649
10-14 44,984 45,292 58,808 59,211 62,883 63,313 67,240 67,700
15-19 34,267 36,225 44,798 47,357 47,902 50,639 51,221 54,147
20-24 26,541 31,667 34,697 41,399 37,101 44,267 39,672 47,334
25-29 23,725 27,001 31,016 35,299 33,165 37,744 35,463 40,360
30-34 19,630 18,862 25,663 24,658 27,441 26,367 29,342 28,194
35-39 15,272 14,829 19,965 19,386 21,349 20,729 22,828 22,166
40-44 12,581 11,298 16,447 14,770 17,587 15,793 18,805 16,888
45-49 9,479 9,608 12,392 12,561 13,251 13,431 14,169 14,362
50-54 8,223 7,869 10,750 10,287 11,495 11,000 12,291 11,762
55-59 6,521 6,683 8,525 8,737 9,166 9,342 9,747 9,989
60-64 5,194 6,098 6,790 7,972 7,261 8,525 7,764 9,115
65-69 3,601 4,178 4,708 5,462 5,034 5,840 5,383 6,245
70-74 3,066 2,932 4,008 3,833 4,286 4,099 4,583 4,383
75-79 2,294 1,774 2,999 2,319 3,207 2,480 3,429 2,652
80 + 1,831 1,679 2,394 2,195 2,560 2,347 2,737 2,510
Age Ns 278 306 363 400 389 428 416 457
Total 328,064 336,022 428,882 437,285 458,598 469,722 490,373 502,269
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996.
Table 1.6 shows population projections for selected age groups.
11
Table 1.6
Population Projection for Selected Age Groups^ 1989-2001
Aye Group 1989 1997 1999 2001
M F M F M F M F
6-13
(primary) 76.643 76,625 100,199 100,175
107,142 107,1 17 1 14,567 1 14,540
’4-17(Sec.) 30.190 30,776 39,469 40,235 42,204 43,023 45,128 46,004
1 5-49 (Female
Fertility) 149.490 195,430
208,970 223,451
15-59 156.239 164,042 204,253 214,504 218,504 229,312 233,538 245,202
(Latour Force)
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996
Age Group 6-13 (Primary): There were 1 53,268 children in this age group in 1 989
out of which 76,625 were females and 76,643 were males. This population is
projected to increase to 200,374, 214,259 and 229,107 in 1997, 1999 and 2001
respectively. The increase in this population calls for increased educational
facilities. Since some of this population would be dropping out of the education
system, there is a need to expand and equip the existing youth polytechnics to
impart technical skills necessary for industrialization of the district.
Age Group 14-17 (Secondary): The population in this age group was 60,996 in
1 9S9. It is projected to increase to 79,704, 85,227 and 91,132 in 1 997 1 999
and 2001 respectively. This is the secondary school going population. Due to the
projected increase, there is need to put up more secondary schools. The existi
schools will also require expansion and equipping. Since part of this population win
be joining the labour market, it becomes necessary to put up vocational tr ’
institutions to train them in practical skills in readiness for self employm^'?09
employment in local industries. It also becomes necessary to increase emol °f
generating opportunities for them. p °yment
gArgoeu. pG.r ouItp i s1 5p-r4o9je (cFteedm atole sin):c rTehaesree  wtoe r1e9 154,493,04 902 0fe8m Qal7ens ’ h’ Chi,d bearing aoe
1999 and 2001 respectively. This being the child bearino 223'451 in ’997
there is need to institute measures to curb the high fertilitv a 96 amon9 women'
the high population growth so that efforts and resource^"9 to c°ntro'l
producti\ e activities necessary for the industrialization of th J30 be directed to
tne district.
I about Forc_e_jJL51591: This district had a labour force of 320,281 in iqoQ
= es w ere more than males. This labour force is proiectAH of
dd’ -69 and 478.740 in 1997, > 999 and 200? Xewive C"®386 ,0
e s will continue to dominate the labour force Most ofT.°I* V,er the
and sem.-sk.lled, therefore requiring training to undertake
industrial development of the district. The district will also have to create
employment opportunities for this ever growing labour force.
The dependency ratio stood at 100:107. Thus every 100 workers were supporting
107 dependants. The high dependency is expected to prevail in the plan period.
This situation can only change with the industrialization of the district, which will
subsequently additional employment opportunities.
Distribution and Density
Winam Division had the highest population in 1 989 followed by Muhoroni/Miwani
and Maseno, while upper and lower Nyakach had the least population. Over the
plan period the first three divisions will continue to lead in population sizes while
the other two will have the least. Table 1.7 shows population distribution by
divisions.
Table 1.7
Population Distribution and Projections by Division
Division 1989 1997 1999 2001
Winam 255,381 333,872 357,007 381,746
Maseno 106,333 139,014 148,647 158,948
Nyando/Kadibo 94,977 124,156 132,757 141,953
Upper Nyakach 52,778 68,999 73,780 78,893
Lower Nyakach 44,279 57,888 61,899 66,189
Muhoroni/Miwani 110,338 144,238 154,230 164,913
District Total 664,086 868,167 928,320 992,642
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996.
The high population of Winam Division is attributed to urbanization. Kisumu Town
which is the third largest town in Kenya is found in this division. The town attracts
people mostly from Nyanza, Western and Rift Valley Provinces. This population is
expected to increase more during the plan period as more industrial activities'a.re
undertaken. Maseno Division has also high population as it is an educational 
13
ntpd to increase as more educational facilities are put up.
centre. This is also expectea
u m overall population density of 317 persons/Km2 in-1 989 and is
The district had an o 474 in 1 997, 1 999 and 2001 respectively.
projected to increase to ' jn popu|atiOn densities followed by Maseno, Upper
Winam Division leads^^^^^ gs shown in Table 1.8. Muhoroni/Miwani had the
least population density in 1989.
Table 1.8
Population Density Projections by Division
Area 1 989 1997 1999 2001
Division________
182 915 1,197 1,280 1,368
Winam
339 303 396 423 453
Maseno
436 228 298 319 341Nyando Kac cc
232 298 390 417 446Upper Nyakac"
242 316 338 362
Lower Nyavec- 263
641 164 215 230 246MuhoronUi’ >’»=" ______
2:093 317 415 443 474Totals Average
Source: District = " “ " j Kisumu, 1996
The hiah popi>ticn density for Winam Division is attributed to the urban status of
The division and: oints : being the district and provincial headquarters. The low
population densities for -.'uhoroni/Miwani are attributed to the large scale sugar
arms in the divisions. The increasing population densities are a threat to the
available resource especially land which will require ratronal utd.zat.on to susta.n
the population.
Urban Population
The district had an urban population of 214,699 in 1989. It is projected to
increase to 273,590, 290,685 and 308,844 in 1997, 1999 and 2001 respectively.
Table 1.9 shows the urban population of the district and its projections.
14
Table 1.9
Urban Population Projections
Name of Centre No. of 1989 1997 1999 2001
HHs
Kisumu Municipality 47,690 192,733 245,600 260,944 277,246
Muhoroni Town 3,201 9,538 12,154 12,914 13,720
Ahero Town 2,126 9,097 11,592 12,317 13,086
Maseno Town 617 3,331 4,244 4,510 4,792
53,634 214,699 273,590 290,685 308,844
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996
Kisumu is the largest urban centre in the district. Other urban centres are Ahero,
Kombewa, Muhoroni, Sondu, Chemelil and Maseno. Most of the centres have
been provided with basic infrastructural facilities such as roads, electricity and
water. Areas such as Ahero, Maseno, Sondu, Kombewa, Daraja Mbili, Kiboswa
and Chulaimbo are connected to the electricity grid.
The Kisumu District Development Committee has identified Maseno, Muhoroni,
Koru, Chemelil, Miwani, Sondu, Pap Onditi and Kombewa as centres of rural
growth in line with the policy of Rural Urban Balance and will propose them for
development as Rural Trade and Production Centres. For the promotion of
industrialization in the district the DDC will put more emphasis on the same centres
and more even further to the shore markets. Private investors will be encouraged
to put up industrial and commercial concerns in these areas to boost
industrialization.
RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND EXPLOITATION FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
This sub-section describes the potential resources and their level of exploitation.
It lays the basis for assessment and indication of gaps between resource potential
and exploitation. It also proposes ways to enhance the present exploitation to
bring about industrialization emphasizing on the strong linkages between
agricultural development and industrialization.
15
resource potentials
i this sub section the areas of concern will be land and soils; water resources;
forest resources; commercial minerals and materials and tourist attraction.
rodnminantly lake sediments, usually sand clay soils.
The soils in the district are P soi|s and afe genera|,y deep and firm. They
The Kano Plains have poony The dark cotton soils commonly associated
are dark brown and grey 'n c ern part of the Kano Plains. These type of soils
with swamps are found in th found jn Kjsumu District
constitute about 70 /■> ot typ
„ of the uplandshave produced sandy soils, while the
The intermediate igneous roc plains have c|ay soils which are usually of
*52? XX - “
• n Of the rocky Kakamega uplands forms the base of the north
The granite extension ot the y are Qf )ow fertiHty and have rock
fertility, and are susceptibl with residuals of brown volcanic soils. Sandy
while the upper zones are m Muhoroni, Nyabondo, Maseno and
soils are common in some places. Iheso
Kajulu are of very high fertility.
. for sma||-scale subsistence oriented agriculture with
Land is currently useeI k. d some large scale sugar cane cultivation.
increasing market of the Lake Victoria waters which supports
significant'fishing Activities in the district.
Table 1.10 shows classification of land uses.
16
Table 1.10
Land Use Patterns
Land Use Area Sq.Km2
Townships 179
Alienated 113
Reserves 24
Freehold-small scale schemes 303
Townships 246
Available for small holders not yet registered 827
Available and already registered 538
Other 20
Total 2260
Source: District Planning Unit, Kisumu, 1996.
The district can be divided into five Agro-Ecological Zones namely:
Lower Midland (LM1). This zones covers an area of 149sq.km of Maseno Division
and 6km2 of Muhoroni/Miwani Divisions.
Lower Midland 2 (LM?) This zone covers Maseno, Muhoroni and Miwani Divisions.
Crops grown here are sugarcane, cotton and rice. Sugarcane can support sugar
milling and jaggery and molasses industries.
Lower Midland 3 (LM3) The zone covers Kadibo, Nyando and Winam Divisions.
It supports cotton growing which can support cotton ginneries.
Lower Midland 4 (LM^) This covers an area of 185km2 of Kadibo and Winam
Divisions.
Upper Midland (UM3) The zone supports growing of coffee, tea (small scale) and
covers all divisions except Winam. Increased production of these crops can
support processing plants in these areas.
Table 1.10 shows area covered by agro-ecological zones by division. Rice, tea,
coffee, cotton and sugar are industrial crops that have high potential for the
development of processing industries of the district.
The soils of upper Nyakach Division are exploited for building bricks and therefore
capable of supporting brick making industries together with the building sand
exploited in lower Nyakach. There is also small scale brick making in Maseno.
Table 1.11 shows the area occupied by each agro-ecological zone by division.
17
Table 1.11
Anro-Ecoloqical ZeneS-hY Divisions (sq. km)
UM3 LM1 LM2 LM3 LM4 Other
Division
26 149 236 7 — —
Maseno
— 52 431 129 8
Nyabondo/Kadibo 47
-- — 38 56 --
Winam
6 337 — — —
Muhoroni/Miwani 24
. District Agriculture Office, Kisumu, 1996.
18
19
KISUMU DISTRICT
SIMPLIFIED AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES
Prepared by D R S R S
------- Ater resource potential for development of hydro-
The district has enormous wa fjsh industry. water transport, sporting and
electric power .^deration,'?mportant water resource is the Lake Victoria which
tourism attraction. The mos P fresh water |ake ,n th world The
also happens to be theseco .r thjs d|Stnct are other directly or
livelihood, commerce ano
indirectly affected by the lake.
. t Lake Victoria namely Kibos, Nyando and Miriu,
There are three rivers flow'"01 serve between 25-30% of the total population
and several seasonal rivers w victoria has great fishing potential which
, irihns and Awach have been harnessed for small-scale
Rivers Nyando, Sondu Ikibos Kadibo Diyisions, whi|e riVers Sondu and
B°”"'
hnvupvpr hiahly polluted. A sample study of Nyando
All the rivers in the district are ||uted with insecticides, herbicides and
River [b^^g^gg^Q^theUrms and factories in its catchment area.
lh clirfaCe water resources which are currently being
The district is end°^d efforts of the Government and NGO's. Ground water
uXation level is about 35%.
. available it is polluted in places like Kano Plains where
w^ate? abstracted ^elow 30 metres is polluted.
, thp district's water sources and their reliability. Rivers
Table 1.12 is a summary of th d seasons. However, the lake
serve the highest population b of water the district. These if we||
tonessed can support industrialization apart from relieving the population of the
water shortage problems.
20
Table 1.12
Water Points by Type and Seasonal Reliability
Type of Points Wet Season % of Dry season % of
No. of consumers No. of consumers
Consumers consumers
Ground Catchment 25,336 3 10,134 1
Lake Victoria 42,227 5 62,587 7
Rivers 253,361 30 292,674 35
Source: District Water Office, Kisumu, 1996.
Forestry
The district has no forests or extensive woodlands, except bush and shrubs which
occupy 20% of the land area. There are many tree species, notably acacia seyal
and cassia SSP. There are eucalyptus SSP woodlots found .on the Kisumu's border
with Vihiga District indicating a spill over from Kakamega. Afforestation of hilly
areas of Maseno and Nyakach plateau has been slow and unsuccessful due to
inadequate rainfall.
Commercial Minerals and Materials
The district has little deposits of limestone at Koru which are exploited for the
manufacture of building lime and paint. The district also has high potential for
making of ballast in Winam and Maseno Divisions, because of the predominance
of the underlying basement rock potential for building stones exists in Kadibo
Division. Kajulu area also has several quarries which supply building materials to
Kisumu Municipality and areas as far as Miwani and Chemilil. Building sand is also
available in large quantities in all divisions but lower Nyakach has the highest
potential.
Tourist Attractions
The district has several tourist attractions namely; Ndere Islands, National Park and
Impala Park as well as Lake Victoria which is the largest fresh water lake in Africa,
as well as being the source of river Nile. The lake can be used for water sports.
However exploitation of the tourist potential is limited. There is need to integrate
West Kenya Tourism circuit with the rest of the nation.
Several hotels exist in Kisumu Town, which if upgraded, could provide suitable
accommodation for tourists. At the moment, the district attracts local tourists from 
21
tc of the country as it is noted for its night life. Kisumu can take
many parts jt for trave(|ers proceeding to Uganda and Tanzania.
adVantaphetion of the Eldoret International Airport will further boost prospects for
tourism.
Fisheries
_i hinh fisheries ootential due to the presence of lake
The district is endowed wl g species like nile perch and tilapia "Omena".
Victoria. The lake h«s pop d by the spread of water hyacinth weed which has
This is being adversely at district also has potential for fish farming
interfered with fish upper Nyakach Divisions and Nyando.
especially in “aseno Muhoronc Lower an PP^,^ jn Kjbos area of
*Sh “nX aeTa mhe8rVsVtake up fish farming.
Division, to encuuiay
• i • thP i^kP and the rivers is still very high. The inhabitants of
IheediSrict are moslly fish eaters and the demand for fish far out strips supply.
RESOURCE exploitation
, «the current level of exploitation of agricultural resources and
This section analyzes the engaged. The section also analyzes non-farm
how the people of theid absorb the growing labour force as well
X- ............- - 
Agricultural Activities
• .■ „ric»ltural sector is dominated by small holdings ranging between
04 oThectares The agricultural land area exhibits high population densities
2.4 - 2.5 hectares. a havino 1 855 households per sq. kilometre,
With Winam Division, leadngby 288 287. 227, 227 forLower
foUowed bV “psen°'apdpo Muhoroni and Miwani respectively. The high density
Niny Wakiancahm,  KDaivdiisbioon,  mya y be ' attri.b. utte dd  tt0o  tthhee  hh.iggh land Ppotential, urbanization, and
availability of ^^wn Maseno Sondu and Ahero Trading Centres. They
ZXpX due to their location and level of infrastructural
development as compared to other centres in the district.
The main food crops grown are maize, beans, finger millet and sorghum. However,
the amount produced does not satisfy the district's demand and as a result food
is imported from other areas. Table 1.13 shows the agricultural activities in the
small farm sector.
22
Table 1.13
Small Farm Sector
Division HH per No. of Small Main Food Main Cash % HH With % HH With
sq. km Holdings Crops Crops High Value High Value
Food Crops Cash Crops
Winam 1,855 6,804 Maize Coffee 5 1.5
beans cotton
sorghum
U/Nyakach 300 7,879 Maize Coffee 7 0.9
beans cotton
Sweet rice
potatoes
L/Nyakach 222 1,387 Maize Rice 7 8
beans cotton
sorghum
Maseno 414 20,335 Maize Cotton 4 1.5
beans coffee
sorghum
Kadibo 288 7,533 Maize Rice 7 18.5
beans sugarcane
sorghum cotton
Nyando 287 11,300 Maize Rice 7 7
beans sugarcane
sorghum cotton
Muhoroni 227 11,023 Maize Sugarcane 78 8
beans coffee
Miwani 227 7,348 Maize Sugarcane 78 40
beans rice
Source: District Agriculture Office, Kisumu, 1996.
As shown in Table 1.13, Maseno Division has the largest number of small holdings
followed by Nyando and Muhoroni while Winam has the least. These households
engage in production of maize, beans, sorghum, potatoes, rice, sugarcane, cotton
and coffee. Muhoroni and Miwani Divisions have the highest percentages of
households growing high value food crops. Miwani Division alone has a high
percentage of households growing high value food crops as shown in Table 1.13.
The district is therefore a net importer of food. Table 1.14 shows crop production
trends 1 991-95.
23
Table 1.14
Crop Production Trends 1991-1995
Crop Description 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Sugarcane Area (Ha) 15,000 24,177 54,724.8 53,120.6 53,120
Yield 1000 kg (ton) 750,000 431,129 214,0531. 151,8404.8 999,48
Average yield/Ha/Yr 50 17.83 4 2.86 0
3.91 18.81
Cotton Area (Ha) 4,500 4,935 4,613.1 4,458.9 4,250
Yield 1000 kg (ton) 1,575 1,026 1,907.86 1,337.7 1,488
Average yield/Ha/Yr 0.35 0.20 0.41 0.30 0.35
Groundnuts Area (Ha) 1,228 1,690 901.5 1,270.2 1,135
Yield 1000kg (ton) 773.64 1,082 561.9 914.5 1,134
Average yield/Ha/Yr 0.63 0.64 0.62 0.71 0.99
Fruits and Area (Ha) 2,278.5 2,808 2,286.6 2,948.2 2,400
vegetables Yield 1000kg (ton) 27,828.1 31,018 21,1 14.3 33,809.2 37,788
Average yield/Ha/Yr 12.21 1 1.04 9.23 1 1.46 15.74
maize Area (Ha) 13,965.00 12,069 13,605 16,957 15,700
Yield 1000kg (ton) 28,907.55 26,069 24,489 42,732 28,223
Average yield/Ha/Yr 2.07 2.15 1.8 2.52 1.79
Sorghum/M Area (Ha) 8,339 8,660 5,158 1 1,525.6 11,407
illet Yield 1000kg (ton) 1 1,192.85 8,546 4,630.5 19,632.6 10,219
Average yield/Ha/Yr 1.34 0.98 0.89 1.70 0.89
Beans Area (Ha) 3,420 1,177 1,703.7 4,150.4 3,880
Yield 1000kg (ton) 2,462.4 1,703.7 891 4,108.9 3,493
Average yield/Ha/Yr 0.72 1.45 1.91 0.99 0.9
Rice Area (Ha) 2,983 3,260 3,984 588.3 2,805
Yield 1000kg (ton) 13,423.50 12,225 20,340 30,439.4
Average yield/Ha/Yr 4.50 3.75 5.10 51.74 25,200
8.98
Root crops Area (Ha) 1,091.00 2,636 3,731 3,924 1,895
Yield 1000kg (ton) 19,256.00 23,218 16,540 34,076.4 33,203
Average yield/Ha/Yr 17.64 8.80 4.43 8.68 17.52
Coffee Area (Ha) 190.59 185.57 202.68 184.70 192
Yield 1000kg(ton) 83.76 245.56 235.57 195.79 298
Average yield/Ha/Yr 0.43 1.32 1.16 1.06 1.55
Source: District Agriculture Office, Kisumu, 1 995
Between 1991-94, sugar cane production declined despite increase in area under
cultivation as shown in Table 1.13. There was a decline in yield/ha, over the same
period. Coffee registered improved production throughout the period in terms of
output and yields. Rice production registered increased product over 1991-94
though a decline occurred in 1995 production of groundnuts improved over the
period. Other crops recorded fluctuations in their production. The decline in 
production of some crops is attributed to inadequate and unevenly distributed
rainfall as well as floods.
During the plan period efforts will be made to increase both food and cash crops
so as to create adequate surplus for use in the development of agro-based
industries. The development of such industries will greatly ease the present
population pressure on land and create job opportunities to absorb the growing
labour force. The district has potential for the establishment of cotton ginneries
particularly if farmers in the sugar belt can be encouraged to diversify into cotton
production. The presence of a cotton ginnery can greatly boost production.
Farmers would need to be assured of prompt payment for their products. Also of
potential are edible oil factories using oil seeds such as groundnuts, sim-sim.
Farmers can also be encouraged to grow sunflower in suitable areas. Rice milling
potential also exists in Kano Division. This could be accompanied by the
development of animal feeds. With the proper harvesting of water, the horticultural
sector can be greatly enhanced, in particular the growing of fruits and vegetables.
These provides a strong base for the development of fruit and vegetable processing
factories in the district. These can either be done on a large scale at the cottage
level to provide rural population with some income. During the plan period
therefore efforts will be made towards encouraging private sector involvement in
such ventures. The DDC, will facilitate development by ensuring that the basic
infrastructure required is laid down and properly maintained.
Livestock Production Activities
Livestock Production activities in Kisumu District are undertaken by holder farmers
who largely keep cattle, goats and sheep, poultry, bees, rabbits and pigs.
Exotic livestock farming is undertaken only on a small scale. This is mainly
practised in Maseno Division where some zero grazing is practised. Mostly
livestock production is undertaken on communal grazing grounds. The animals
kept include donkeys, Zebu cattle, and Boran cattle, dairy goats, sheep, pigs and
poultry. These are used to produce livestock products such as meat, eggs, hides
and skins honey and wax. Table 1.14 shows livestock production activities among
divisions.
Table 1.14
Livestock Production by Division
Division Area HH.No. Main Livestock Livestock Products
Sq. km
Winam 182 5,9160 Dairy, poultry, bees, sheep, Milk, meat, beef, chicken, skin &
goats, pigs hides, honey, wax and eggs
Upper Nyakach 232 3,442 Dairy, poultry, bees, pigs eggs, milk, meat, skin & hides,
honey and wax
Lower Nyakach 263 8,931 Dairy goats, poultry, sheep, Eggs, milk, meat, hides & skin,
bees honey and wax
Maseno 339 22,883 Dairy, poultry, bees, sheep, eggs, milk, meat, hides and skin,
goats honey and wax
Kadibo 139 13,844 sheep, goats, dairy, poultry, milk, eggs, meat, hides and skin,
bees honey and wax
Nyando 297 21,820 Dairy, sheep, goats, poultry, eggs, milk, meat, hides and skin,
bees honey and wax
Muhoroni 329 22,052 Dairy, poultry, bees, pigs milk, meat, honey and wax, eggs,
hides and skins
Miwani 230 9,444 Dairy, poultry, bees, pigs milk, meat, honey and wax, eggs,
hides and skin
Source: District Livestock Production Office, Kisumu, 1996.
As Table 1.14 shows, Winam has the highest number of households keeping
livestock followed by Maseno, Muhoroni and Nyando while Upper Nyakach has the
least.
Table 1.15 shows livestock production trends for the district between 1991-95.
Table 1.15
Livestock Production 1991 - 1995
Type of Livestock 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Cattle 262,729 269,584 291,863 375,500 392,426
Sheep 144,567 145,486 161,310 172,366 196,405
Goats 116,893 129,600 157,813 151,033 160,208
Poultry 515,822 745,618 979,175 988,749 1,410,489
Bees(hives) 3,498 3,864 4,065 4,400 4,509
Pigs 2,524 2,840 2,895 3,000 2,998
Donkeys — — — 2,000 2,200
Source: District Livestock Production Office, Kisumu, 1996
During 1991-95 period, there was a general increase in the numbers of livestock
reared in the district as shown in Table 1.15. Poultry registered a dramatic
increase over the period which may be attributed to existence of excess demand
for both poultry and poultry products in Kisumu Town.
Table 1.16 shows quantities of livestock products sold over 1991-95.
Table 1.16
Quantities of Sale of Livestock Products
1991 - 1995
Year Hides & Milk (Kg) Eggs Honey (kgs)
Skin (trays)
(Pieces)
1991 136,369 1,077,173 6,000,000 41,445
1992 146,799 4,588,1 19 1 6,000,000 81,360
1993 128,944 128,944 5,227,008 22,500,000
1994 156,025 8,661,000 24,367,640 90,720
1995 187,970 9,357,843 26,823,920 80,886
Source: District Livestock Production Office, Kisumu, 1996.
The quantity of hides and skins sold increased from 136,369 kg in 1991 to
187,970 kg in 1995. Milk sold also increased from 1,077,173 in 1991 to
9,357,843 in 1 995. This was still below the demand of the district. There is a big
potential for increased milk production through increase in the number of dairy
cattle in the district. The quantities of eggs sold also increased from 6,000,000
trays in 1 991 to 26,823,920 trays in 1 995. Honey sold also improved and reached
80,886 kgs in 1 995 rising from 41,445 kgs in 1991. The livestock products sales
can still be improved.
As with agriculture, livestock production could form the basis for development of
small and large industrial concern in the district to stimulate employment and
increase incomes. Hides and skins production can support the establishment of
tanneries for producing leather. These in turn can be used to manufacture shoes,
handbags and other leather works. With the introduction of dairy cattle and
improvement in production of milk, the development of milk based industries for
processing butter, ghee, cheese and yoghurt can be established. All can be
produced at the farm level and earn substantial incomes for the farmers
liberalization of the milk industry has witnessed the emergence of many forms and
the possibility exists in the district for such a development.
Honey production can also be stimulated further to involve a lot more households
particularly those living in and around the sugar belt of Miwani and Muhoroni. The
wax can also be sold in quantities to buyers and can be the basis for starting small
candle making factories. All the products can find ready markets not only in the
district, but also in the surrounding districts and in the neighbouring countries.
Other Natural Resource Exploitation
Fisheries: The districts' shoreline of Lake Victoria has great fishing potential and
fishing is commonly done by the local people.
Fishing, as an activity is the second most important source of income and
employment creation. To improve nutrition, the well being of the rural population,
and promotion of industrial growth in the district, fisheries must be developed
further. The roads leading to the beaches should be improved and for the coolers
to function, electrification must reach all the beaches. This will speed up the
establishment of processing plants. Captive and riverine fisheries are found in
Maseno Division, Winam, Lower Nyakach and Kadibo Divisions.
The production trends in fish landing improved over the years. In 1991, about
1,1 97.2m tons was landed. The figure rose steadily through to 1,409.6m ton in
1 993 and to 1,528.3m tons in 1 994 and may be production levels sharply fell to
1,216.5m ton in 1995 and may be attributed to adverse weather conditions and
the infestation of the lake by the water Hyacinth, which interfered with the
breeding grounds of fish.
Earning from fish production increased from Ksh. 13,767,800.00 in 1991 to
Ksh.20,234,530.00 in 1 994. Even though the volume of fish landed dropped, the
value still rose to Ksh. 27,163,631 due to the general price changes.
The fishing activity employs about 3000 fishermen, 3,500 fish traders and
employees of fish processing factories. Including those trading in the by-products,
net making, selling of fishing tackle, boat making etc. agents and transporters
figure rises to 14,000 people.
This is one of the industries in the district which supports a large number of
families directly and indirectly. The fisheries has a big potential for expansion to
support processing industries. The DDC has plans to encourage the local fishermen
to use modern fishing techniques to improve their incomes and develop the
industry into a more viable one.
Value accruing from fishing is very high, but most of the benefit goes into the
hands of the middleman. The cooperative movement in fisheries should be
restructured along the lines of a liberalized economy and strengthened. This will
encourage the small scale fishermen to use other measures such as modern fishing
techniques like use of modern vessels and new types of gear. They will also
28
develop more fish ponds to extend fishing activities to areas not fully exploited in
order to improve quantity and value of fish landing.
A modern fish processing and marketing organizations will similarly change the
patterns of domestic fish trade into a more viable small scale, industrial complex,
while the development of shoreline infrastructure will enable better handling and
marketing of fish produce.
Forestry and Agro-Forestry: Most parts of the district do not have adequate supply
of fuelwood. The department of forestry has embarked on campaigns encouraging
farmers to expand agro-forestry as part of their farming methods. The efforts of
the Kenya Forestry Research Institute at Maseno have benefitted the district. This
is in addition to efforts of the NGO's, Women and Youth Groups who had planted
34 tree nurseries in 1 996 and helped to produce an average of 2.5 m seedlings for
agro-forestry and general forestry per year over the last eight years. Agro-forestry
has gained roots in the district due to small farm sizes and the need for firewood.
Under the Rural Afforestation Programme, a total area of one hectare was planted
at Klsian Hills, 4.5 ha at Koguta and Miriu Hills, 5.5 ha at other areas covered
amounted to 1 9 ha, giving a total area planted to 24.5 ha by 1996. Seedlings
production in the 1994-96 plan period were as shown on Table 1.17.
Table 1.17
No. of Seedlings by Sponsor.
Sponsor 1994 1995
Forest Dept. 87,164 328,377
Chiefs Nurseries 6,1 10
Schools & Colleges 36,567 78,135
Agriculture 31,983 55,653
Prisons 25,334 16,509
Others 746,071 84,4080
Totals 933,229 1,322,754
Source: District Forestry Office, Kisumu, 1996.
Mining: There are some six quarries which crush the granitic rocks into ballast in
Kisumu Town, while sand is harvested as an important activity in Lower Nyakach,
Winam and Maseno Divisions. The district also has sufficient limestone quantities
which are currently mined in Muhoroni for commercial purposes. The limestone
mined is exported to outside countries while the ballast mined is used locally while
some is also sold to the neighbouring districts.
29
Industrial Activities
Most of the industrial activities and manufacturing concerns in the district are
concentrated within Winam Division specifically in Kisumu Town which is both the
district and the provincial headquarters.
There are four major categories of manufacturing concerns in the district namely,
Agro based, chemical’based, engineering and construction based firms. The agro­
based firms include fruits processing, vegetable canning, grain milling, bakeries,
sugar factories, refineries and ginneries, fish processing and production of animal
feeds. These industries provide forward and backward linkages with the rural and
urban communities. They also provide ready markets for the farm produce and
employment opportunities for the growing labour force in the district. It is
expected that such activities will increase significantly over the plan period with the
implementation of policy for industrialization.
Large industrial concerns which are agro-based in nature include Muhoroni Sugar
Industry, and Miwani Sugar Mills full potential of the stalled Kisumu molasses plant
of is yet to be realized. The engineering based industries include manufacture of
bolts, nuts and nails repair, rebounding and refacing of motor vehicle parts, and
assembly of farm machineries. Other industrial activities include ballast crushing,
sand harvesting and brick making. However, the potential still exists for expansion
of these industries.
Cottage and small scale industries which do not require heavy capital investment
are distributed throughout the district, though most of them are in Kisumu Town.
These industries include metal fabrication, welding and carpentry. The potential
for further development is vast. However, the labour-force and investors need to
be made fully aware of this potential so that it can be exploited. These include the
processing of honey, wax, molasses, milk products, handcrafts, etc which can be
easily done at farm or household level and provide diversified sources of income for
the districts population particularly its women and youths. So long as the quality
of the goods produced is maintained to high standards, the district can even begin
to seriously look at the development of exports to take full advantage of East
African Corporation agreement and supply the neighbouring countries and even
beyond.
Commerce Trade and Services
Formal Sector: Agricultural and industry form the basis for commercial activities
in the district and since they form the main source of income. Most commercial
activities in the district are in Winam Division which has a high concentration of
industries. Divisions such as Muhoroni and Kadibo also have a number of
commercial activities due to their high agricultural potential. The main commercial
activities undertaken in the district include, wholesale, retailing and hotels.
However, due to the over concentration of industrial activities in Winam Division, 
30
the District Development Committee has undertaken to promote such urban centres
as Ahero, Maseno, Sondu, Chemilil, Miwani, Pap Onditi and Kombewa.
Informal Sector: The type of informal businesses undertaken in the district include
posho milling which is also the most popular followed by knitting and tailoring. The
divisional distribution pattern of enterprises follow closely the population
distribution; thus most of these businesses are located in Winam Division with a
ready market for the commodities traded in. The same division has most of the
other informal sector activities like panel beating, metal and motor vehicle repairs,
carpentry and furniture, welding and scrap metal dealing.
During the plan period, emphasis will be laid on the promotion of jua kali as a
means of reducing poverty and increasing employment opportunities. This will
come about if agricultural/livestock activities can be enhanced. In turn the surplus
from the two sectors will be used to develop agro-based industries which again will
stimulate the jua kali sector which will come in to provide the necessary inputs for
agriculture (hoes, jembes, feeders, wheelbarrows, etc). As farmers incomes
increase, it is hoped that their lifestyle will also improve stimulating the need for
improved housing which again will constitute effective demand for building
materials, windows, bricks, tiles etc all of which the jua kali sector can take up.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
For the support of industrialization in the district, development and maintenance of
infrastructures like communication network, water facilities, energy supply, health
facilities and educational facilities is important. Their levels of development is
discussed below:-
Communication Network
The district has a road network of 2,182.9 Km of which 298.9 Km are of bitumen
standard, 923.3 Km of gravel and 960.7 Km earth surface. During the 1994-96
plan period, no new roads were tarmacked, although the existing roads were being
maintained.
31
Table 1.17 shows the type and distribution of road network in the district.
Table 1.17
Distribution of Road Network by Class
Road Type Length in kms
Class of Road Bitumen Gravel Earth Total Km
International Trunk Roads A 68.1 0.0 0.0 68.1
National Trunk Roads B 55.2 0.0 0.0 55.2
Primary Roads C 162.7 7.9 0.0 170.6
Secondary Roads D 12.9 85.2 50.0 148.1
Minor Roads + SPR E + 0.0 415.1 759.0 1,174.1
Minor Roads E 0.0 216.0 150.1 366.1
Government Access Roads G 0.0 3.2 1.6 4.8
Rural Access Roads R 0.0 195.9 0.0 195.9
298.9 923.3 960.7 2,182.9
Source: District Works Office, Kisumu, 1996.
The rural access roads in the district are 187.1 km. 90% of these roads in the
district are in Miwani and Muhoroni Divisions which are the main sugarcane
growing areas in the district. These roads are constantly under use by heavy
tractors and cane trailers and therefore require constant gravelling. Roads in
Maseno Division were graded while in the new division of Kombewa the roads
leading to the beaches where fishing and crop farming are the main economic
activities, are very poor. Most roads in Winam Division are tarmacked. The
maintenance of these roads is done by the Ministry of Public Works, Kisumu
Municipality and County Council of Kisumu.
Most of the roads in Upper and Lower Nyakach are in bad condition and require
rehabilitation in particular bridges which in some areas have been damaged by
gullies formed during heavy rains. The roads within Kisumu Municipality are also
in a bad state of despair especially those leading to the industrial and residential
areas.
The district is also served by the major railway line connecting Kisumu to Nairobi
and the Sea Port of Mombasa. The railway services include passenger and cargo 
32
transport. Kisumu District is connected through the steamship services ones Lake
Victoria to Siaya, Rachuonyo and Homa Bay Districts and also to the Republic of
Tanzania and Uganda thus giving the district to regional and international market.
The district also has an airport in Kisumu Town. Kisumu Airport is the third largest
in Kenya after Nairobi and Mombasa. The airport provides commercial flights and
has encouraged the development of tourism in Kisumu Town.
Most parts of the district have telecommunication services, however, due to the
initial capital involved in installing exchange lines, the telephone services have not
been established in at the upcoming market centres.
All the communication facilities provided in the district are therefore over utilized
and there is need for expansion in order to improve communication and to facilitate
development of new industrial activities in the district. Map 4 shows the spatial
distribution of roads in the district, clearly indicating those areas which are
relatively under served.
33
I
34
Map No.
Prepared  by D RSR  S
Water Facilities
There are 21 piped water supplies, 387 boreholes/wells and 26 protected springs
serving a total population of 356,719 people in the district.
Table 1.18 shows the distribution of water facilities by division.
Table 1.18
Distribution of Water Facilities by Division & Type
Division Piped schemes Wells/Bore holes Protected Population Served
Springs
Maseno 2 53 10 73,750
Winam 3 21 8 91,362
Muhoroni 8 5 3 22,299
Upper Nyakach 1 11 5 29,099
Lower Nyakach 1 62 0 49,429
Kadibo 1 72 0 21,600
Nyando 4 108 Q 48,686
Miwani 1 55 0 20,560
Total 21 387 26 356,785
Source: District Water Engineer, Kisumu, 1996.
Muhoroni Division has the highest number of piped water schemes followed by
Nyando, while Miwani, Kadibo, Upper Nyakach and Lower Nyakach Divisions have
the least. Nyando Division has the leading number of boreholes followed by
Kadibo, Lower Nyakach, Miwani and Maseno Divisions respectively. More of the
protected springs are found in Maseno and Winam Divisions. In terms of coverage
Nyando Division is the best served with 61 % of the population served with water
while Muhoroni Division is the worst with only 30% of its population having access
to water supply.
All the existing water facilities are over-utilized particularly those in Winam Division
which, serve the district and provincial headquarters. In order for the district to
fully industrialize, more water facilities need to be initiated and the existing ones
be improved to make them efficient. It is ironic that despite being located close to
the world's second largest fresh water body, the district particularly Kisumu Town
continues to face severe and chronic water shortages. Expansion of the existing
facility to take into account current and future population and demand for. water as
well as industrial and livestock demand must be taken as a matter of priority in
order to alleviate this serious problem.
Water in the district is polluted and need to be treated before use for domestic and
livestock purposes.
35
36
Energy Supply
The district is well served by electricity with 61.3% of the district's population
within 1 km of access to the electricity supply line. About 27.4% have electricity
within their home compounds and 9.1 % of the households are 1 2 kms away from
the electricity supply line.
Miwani and Muhoroni Divisions have the highest proportion of households with
electricity grid within their reach, while Lower Nyakach Division has the lowest.
Winam Division has the highest demand for electrical energy since most of the
industries are sited there. In order to boost small scale industries in the rural areas,
there is need for the completion of the power at Odino Falls and to continue rural
electrification to the rural centres. A constant supply of electricity is required in the
fish warehouses for preservation of fish.
Woodfuel is also an important source of energy particularly for the rural
households. Farmers have been encouraged to practice agro-forestry to cater for
their demand for wood fuel. Unless this is done, population pressure will soon
diminish the scarce woodlands.
Other forms of energy used in the district are petroleum fuels, mainly paraffin and
cooking gas. Most centres within the main road network like Ahero, Katito, Sondu,
Maseno, Miwani and Muhoroni have petrol stations where petrol, gas and paraffin
is found for both commercial and domestic use.
Educational Facilities
The district has 635 pre-primary schools, 61 1 primary schools and 81 secondary
schools. There are also 25 Youth Polytechnics, 1 technical training institute and
one public university.
Table 1.19 shows the distribution of the educational facilities in the district by
division.
Table 1.19
Distribution of Education Facilities by Division
Division Pre­ Primary Secondar National Technical Youth University
primary y Polytechnic Training Polytech
Institutes nic
Maseno 106 138 21 0 0 1 1
Miwani 56 73 2 0 0 2 0
Kadibo 45 38 7 0 0 1 0
Upper 70 80 14 0 0 2 0
Nyakach
Lower 50 58 10 0 0 2 0
Nyakach
Winam 213 128 20 1 1 10 0
Nyando 46 51 3 0 0 5 0
Muhoroni 69 45 4 0 0 2 0
Total 655 611 81 1 1 25 .1
Source: District Education office, Kisumu, 1996
Most educational facilities are in Winam Division which has the highest
concentration of population in the district followed by Maseno Division which has
high agricultural potential. Kadibo and Nyando Divisions have the least educational
facilities in the district.
In 1996, 18,333 pupils were enrolled in the pre-primary schools in the district of
which 9,506 were girls and 8,827 were boys. In the primary schools, 167,916
pupils were enrolled with 85,787 boys and 82,129 girls while in the secondary
schools 1 8,910 student were enrolled with 6,455 girls and 12,455 boys.
Table 1.20 shows the enrolment in primary and secondary schools.
Table 1.20
Enrolment in Primary and Secondary Schools, 1996
Division Primary Secondary
Winam 53,025 6,680
Maseno 31,050 4,593
Kadibo 11,645 982
Nyando 14,444 1,333
Muhoroni 14,034 900
Miwani 13,913 370
Lower Nyakach 12,465 1,248
Upper Nyakach 17,340 2,567
Total 167,916 , 18,673
Source: District Education Office, Kisumu, 1 996
Winam Division had the highest enrolment in primary school with a total of 53,025
pupils while Kadibo Division had the lowest. In secondary schools, Winam Division
still had the highest enrolment in 1 996 while Miwani had the lowest with only 370
students enrolled.
In the primary school section, the pupil teacher ratio was 1:27 while that of
secondary school was 1:13. These are both well below the national averages of
1:40 in primary schools and 1:35 in secondary schools indicating under enrolment.
Health Facilities
The district has five hospitals, fourteen health centres, forty seven dispensaries and
seven maternity and nursing homes. Of these Winam Division has 26 health
facilities which is the highest in the district.
Kadibo Division is poorly served with health facilities having only 2 dispensaries.
Table 1.21
Distribution of Health Facilities
Division Hospital Health Centre Dispensaries Maternity Total
Nursing Homes
Winam 3 5 13 5 26
Maseno 1 3 9 0 13
Nyado 0 1 2 1 4
Lower Nyakach 1 1 3 0 5
Upper Nyakach 0 1 8 0 9
Muhoroni 0 2 7 0 9
Miwani 0 1 3 1 5
Kadibo 0 0 2 0 2
Total 5 14 47 7 73
Source: District Medical Office of Health, Kisumu, 1 996
Although most of these health facilities are run and maintained by the Ministry of
Health. However, most of them lack adequate equipment and drugs and are also
understaffed.
In the divisions with very poor roads like Muhoroni/Miwani, Nyando/Kadibo, some
parts of Lower and Upper Nyakach, accessibility to the health facilities during the
rainy seasons by any motorized means is impossible. Map 6 shows the distribution
of health facilities in the district.
41
Prepared by D R S R S
WELFARE INDICATORS
Welfare of the population is a good indicator of the level of development and
quality of life enjoyed by the people. Some of the key welfare indictors to be
addressed during the plan period include; the employment levels, income sources
levels and distribution , infant mortality rate, disease incidence, nutrition and food
availability.
Employment Levels
The creation of employment to sustain the fast growing population of Kisumu
District is a difficult task given the current economic situation. The districts' annual
population growth rate is estimated- at 3.35% which has swelled the labour force
significantly. The proportion of young persons who have joined the labour force
has grown rapidly and is projected to be 413,716 which is 48.27% of the total
population. The total labour force is projected to be 478,759 by the year 2001.
The labour force is made up of the 15-59 years age group. However, it is
important to note that due to various factors like attending school and disabilities,
not all of them will be active. Kisumu Town being the nerve centre of industrial
activities in the Western part of Kenya, attracts job seekers from both the
provinces and from both Nyanza and Western Provinces and from the neighbouring
districts of Rift Valley. Assuming that 92% of the age cohort 1 5 - 59 as the
potentially active labour force, in 1996 the active labour force is estimated to be
372,530 which will increase to 440,458 people by the year 2001.
Agriculture, which is the major occupation of the people leads in contribution to the
employment. About 53% of the labour force were estimated to be engaged in
agricultural and livestock production activities in 1 996 and the percentage will not
change significantly by the end of the plan period.
The informal sector is another promising sector which presently employs about
20% of the total labour force rising by 1 % over the previous plan period. If this
sector could be given more support through construction of more Jua Kali sheds,
promotion of jua kali associations through education tours, provision of soft loans,
and improvement of basic infrastructural facilities to rural urban centres and
particularly so to jua kali working areas, the sector could make a greater
contribution towards production and employment in the district. Given the sectors
potential to expand and absorb more labour, this will lead to faster industrialization.
The share of the informal sector is expected to increase by 1 5% by the year 2001,
especially due to the absorption of those leaving the civil service.
Employment in the public and private sectors numbered about 57,713 in 1994
forming 16.57% of the total labour force in the district, while commercial/small
scale self-employment provides income to about 10% of the labour force.
42
The civil service has been reduced by about 10% due to the voluntary retirement
and natural attrition. As more and more are released into the job markets with their
training and knowledge, it is expected that they will undertake businesses that will
lead to faster industrialization, mainly in the informal-sector.
Fishery is a major potential sector. It accounts for 10% of the employment in the
district. This low performance is attributed to the lack of an efficient marketing
system for fish. The fishermen are unable to heap maximdm benefits from fishery
due to lack of refrigerated fish transport vehicles. With improved storage facilities,
transportation and handling of fish, more people are likely to be attracted to the
sector. This will lead to faster pace of industrialization in the rural parts of the
district. The private sector as a whole contributes 5% of the employment in
Kisumu District.
Winam Division has a higher concentration of wage employment in the public and
private sector, urban and self employment, and commercial/business. This is
followed by Nyando/Kadibo then Maseno Divisions. The remaining divisions have
a higher concentration of peasant farming communities.
Incomes
The majority of the population in Kisumu District are dependent on incomes from
the primary production. The three main sources of incomes are farm enterprises,
non-farm enterprises and salaries and wages. The population is able to boost their
potential savings and investments from these sources. Industrialization in the
district depends on savings. The primary source of income is the sale of crops and
livestock products as well as cash earned from wages and salaries and income
from self employment.
Incomes from the commercial/small scale sector will depend on the income level
of other sectors like agriculture, from which most of those who demand goods and
services from commercial/business sector rely.
Agriculture/Livestock Production: The agricultural, livestock and fisheries employ
the greatest proportion of the labour force, and therefore, most of the income
generated also comes from these sectors.
In 1 991, maize as one of the major crops in the district earned Kshs. 1 07,744,486,
this rose to Kshs. 258,495,000 in 1993 and to Kshs. 474,798,800 dropping to
Kshs.213,242,560 in 1995. Rice earned Kshs.49,219,500 in 1991 and
Kshs.227,975,000 in 1995. Cotton also earned (Kbhs.8,958,992 in 1991 and
Kshs.22,320,375 in 1 995. Coffee as one of the cash crops was not an important
source of income in the district by 1991; the situation improved and the crop
managed to earn Kshs. 2,507,837 for the district in 1993. Sugarcane, which is
a major cash crop in the district earned Kshs.393,000,000 in 1991 improving to
Kshs.2,1 26,766,700.00 in 1994 and to Kshs.66,210,200,000.00 in 1995.
The sales of milk, beef, mutton and goat meat, eggs and honey earned the district
Kshs.122,059,860 in 1991, and Kshs.546,118,240 in 1995. This income is
projected to rise to Khs. 1,444,084,500 by 1998.
Fish production has also improved steadily over the years. About 3,000 fishermen
and 11,000 other people are engaged in fish related activities ranging from fishing
to processing. The value of fish landed was Kshs. 13,767,800 in 1991
Kshs.20,234,530 in 1993 and Khs.27,1 63,631 in 1995. This increase in value
was due to the high demand of fish for both domestic consumption and processing
for export. While the value of fish landed kept rising, the actual tonnage of fish
declined in 1995 due to poor and inaccessible roads leading to the beaches and
lack of cold storage facilities.
The district clearly earns substantial jncomes from its produce particularly the cash
crops, sugar, rice, coffee and from other major crops. What remains is to further
enhance the income so as to increase savings for investment in viable industrial
concerns.
Wage Earnings: The people earning wages in Kisumu District increased from
65,242 in 1991 to 66,364 in 1993 dropped to 57,713 people in 1994. The
sector's earning also improved over the period.
The percentage of labour force in wage employment in the district in 1994 was
1 6.57% showing that the dependence of wage employment is lower as compared
to those in agricultural and other sectors.
Informal Sector: The informal sector presently employs more than 20% of the
district's labour force. This is a very promising sector and has the potential of
absorbing more people than any other sector, save agriculture. As the public and
private sectors sheds off more and more of the wage employees, almost an
equivalent number of the labour force gets absorbed in the informal activities
especially the Jua Kali.
The informal sector acts as a training ground for manpower, particularly in Jua Kali
which has many trainee artisans such as, mechanics, fitters and panel beaters. This
scenario can be attributed to the flexibility of the sector which allows for ease of
entry and exit because of low initial capital requirement, less sophisticated
technological requirements and the sector's practicability as a training ground.
Incomes from this sector are hard to compute given that very little records are kept
and the high entry and exit. However it can be assumed to range from as little as
Kshs.2,000 per month to an upward of Kshs.20,000 per month.
Distribution of Incomes
The income distribution in the district is related to the source of income.
Agriculture is the main income earner to, accounting for 50% of the total income 
earned in the district. However it may be said that the main income from cash crop
production is earned by the larger scale farmers e.g. sugarcane farming. It is
therefore true to say that this income is not very evenly distributed.
The next main area of activity which provides the income are the informal
activities. There are no clear figures available for the incomes from this sector but
it is estimated to be over 20% of the total incomes earned. These again vary in
distribution according to the size of business.
Incomes from the public sector depends on the public servants deployed to the
district and their job groups. The private sector contributes high income when
combined with the earnings’from employment combined contribution is about
15.0% of the total income.
Most of the incomes from wage employment, public and private sectors, urban and
self employment and commercial/businesses are concentrated in Winam Division
which also comprises Kisumu Municipality. Winam is followed by Nyando/Kadibo,
then Maseno. The remaining divisions derive their incomes from small scale
agriculture.
Muhoroni Division therefore, has the highest income as it has the largest number
of high value cash crops of 40% followed by Kadibo Division with 18.5%
households with high value cash crops and then Muhoroni/Nyando with high value
cash crops of 8% and 7% respectively. This is where most of the sugar cane is
grown.
Households with rice as their main cash crop are in lower Nyakach, Kadibo and
Nyando Divisions.
Incomes from the fishing activities are also concentrated in Maseno, Winam and
lower Nyakach.
Pockets of poverty are found in the lower Nyakach, upper Nyakach, Maseno and
parts of Kadibo divisions.
Infant Mortality Rates
Kisumu District has continued to report declining rates of infant mortality since
1 987 when the infant mortality was 1 23 deaths per thousand live births. In 1 992,
the rate stood at 92 deaths per every 1000 live births and in 1995 there were 90
deaths per every 1000 live births. This however, is still higher than the National
average of 61 deaths per every 1000 live births.
The district therefore targets to reduce the rate from 90/1000 to 60 deaths per
1000 live births by the end of the year 2001.
45
The major causes of<  hkiingh inffantt  morr taa lityy rate in the district have been malaria with
.n“l 2%P e... — sanitation
have also contributed to this high rate of infant morta ity.
Disease Incidence
In Kisumu District, malaria still stands as the leading cause of morbidity despite a
steady decrease since 1993. In 1993 about 190,906 out- patients were treated
of malaria. This figure declined to 147,467 people giving an incidence level of
38.1 %. During the same period, 99,836 people were treated for diseases of the
respiratory system. This figure declined to 78,947 in 1 995 giving an incidence of
20.4%. The third ranking disease is skin disease and ulcers with 7.3% incidence
diarrhoeal diseases with 6.4% between 1993 and 1995.
Table 1.22
Top Ten Diseases in Order of Magnitude
Disease/ 1993 1994 1995
Condition
Malaria 190,906 178,574 147,467
Respiratory Tract Infections 99,836 83,417 78,947
Skin Diseases & ulcers 41,868 36,489 28,455
Diarrhoea Infections 38.527 35,341 24,887
Urinary Tract Infections 16,273 16,261 11,516
Intestinal Worms 16,454 15,407 11,473
Eye Infections 12,101 9,911 9,554
Ear Infections 8,001 7,017 5,567
Rheumaticism/Joint Pains 8,814 7,918 4,970
Anaemia 0 0 4,560
Source: District Medical Office of Health, Kisumu, 1996.
Manifestations of HIV/Aids have been on the increase. This also affects the labour
force adversely since most of the affected people are in the age groups 15-59,
years and therefore fall within the active labour force.
46
Nutrition
In Kisumu District, children with stunted growth (age 0-5) are about 18.5%
compared to the national average of 19.6%. Wasting rate is 5.5% against a
national figure of 5.1%. Under weight children are about 14.9% while severe
malnutrition ranges from 3% to 15%.
Malnourishment is caused by low quality food intake as well as poor child care
practices. The low food intake is due to low food production and low income
levels.
The effect of this on the vulnerable groups is prevalence of diseases like
Kwashiorkor, marasmus, stunting and child wastage. This affects the labour force
negatively and finally affects the level of productivity.
Food Availability
Kisumu District has deficits in the production of the main food like maize, beans,
finger-millet and sorghum and this has affected the food intake. Most of the
residents rely on maize as basic food. The surplus production in root crops e.g.
cassava and sweet potatoes has not corrected the imbalance.
Fish that provides a cheap source of protein to the population and with a potential
for further exploitation still displays a deficit production. The bulk produced is sold
to the external markets. The general population has low per capita income which
affects their purchasing power. A lot of maize, eggs and milk come from Vihiga
and Nandi Districts.
Social Dimensions of Development
The Social Dimensions of Development Programme is the approach initiated by the
government to deal with the problems of poverty. The programme aims at putting
in place programmes targeting those who have been marginalised by market
imperatives as well as the vulnerable groups whose plight has been made worse
by the Structural Adjustment Programme. In Kisumu District, the groups that have
been identified as the most vulnerable are the smallholder subsistence farmers.
Their incomes are low and they are the most affected by price fluctuations. The
vulnerability of smallholder food crop producers arises due to limited access to land
and resources for intensive agriculture, environmental and climatic factors which
condition their productivity and the varieties of crops they may produce.
The other vulnerable group are the landless rural workers who may not have other
sources of adequate incomes, the urban poor, the handicapped, children, youths
who have dropped out of the education systems, female headed households as
well as the aged and disabled.
47
More pockets of the poor are found in Lower and Upper Nyakach, lower parts of
Maseno Division, Kodibo, Kajulu and Nyalenda parts of Winam Division. Miwani
and Muhoroni Divisions have squatters and farm workers have been most affected
by the SAPs.
SUPPORTING DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS
Institutional support is crucial at the district level especially in resource
mobilisation, project and programme implementation and maintenance. This
section therefore discusses the key institutions which will be expected to play a
key role in the districts' industrialization. These institutions include; the District
Development Committee (DDC) and its sub-committees; the local authorities;
voluntary agencies; regional authorities and other major parastatals; Banks and
Non-Bank Financial Institutions; and the co-operatives.
District Development Committee and It's Sub-Committees
The Kisumu DDC has been effective over the years in managing all matters of
development such as district specific public sector projects, Non Governmental
Organization's registration, co-ordination and giving the general direction of planned
developments. The DDC has also provided an enabling environment to the private
sector to participate in the business and general development of the district.
The Committee effectively controlled and co-ordinated development activities
through its special purpose committees like the District Water and Sanitation
Development Committee (DWSDC) which co-ordinates all NGO's interested in
water and sanitation programmes in the district and through quarterly meetings
with representatives from all the district based departments, parastatals, local
leaders and Members of Parliament. This is done with the aim of identifying
projects/programmes identifying bottlenecks to development giving the appropriate
remedial measures.
For technical advice the Kisumu DDC has depended on its technical arm, the DEC,
which has effectively approved projects/programmes for funding and
implementation. The committees meet bi-monthly to review specific and general
development issues. Lately its terms of reference have been expanded to include
private sector and industrialization. The DEC is most effective in the dissemination
of information.
The DDC has been very supportive to applicants who require land for industrial
development.
The DDC is supported by sub-DDCs at the divisional and locational levels. To
improve the role and performance of the committees, it will be important to
educate the committee members on policy issues to prepare them for changing
economic conditions in the country.
48
The District Water and Sanitation Committee is a sub-committee of the DDC. It
handles all activities of the parties that are interested in water and sanitation
problems in the district. The chairman of this committee is the District Water
Engineer.
During the plan period, the District Industrial Committee will be very instrumental
in assisting the DDC implement the programmes and projects proposed for the
industrialization process and in guiding the DDC to understand the requirements of
Sessional Paper No.2 on Industrial Transformation to the Year 2020.
Local Authorities
The local authorities have been responsible for providing social amenities to
supplement the Government's efforts. These include water supply, housing, roads
improvement, markets, health and recreational facilities both in the urban and rural
areas. Kisumu Municipality is currently supporting 50 primary schools in the
Municipal areas and providing such basic services as water supply and street
lighting. The County Council of Kisumu has also put up modern residential houses
in Kisumu Municipality in addition to supporting pre-school activities in the rural
areas and improvement of access roads in the sugar belt‘areas.
However, the Municipality of Kisumu faces problems in supplying these social
services. Currently water supplied is inadequate, roads are in terrible conditions
and street lighting does not work in many areas. The sewerage and drainage
system is out of order in most of Kisumu Town.
During the plan period 1997 - 2001, the Kisumu DDC will work closely with the
local authorities to improve the level of services in these areas. This will in turn
attract investors and hasten the level of industrialization in the district.
Voluntary Agencies
There are a number of Non-Governmental Organizations operating in the district.
These include; Kenya/Netherlands Rural Domestic Water Supplies and Sanitation
Programme (RDWSSP), KWAHO, CARE (Kenya), Aga Khan Primary Health Care,
KICK, Approtec, Africa Now, CISS, N.C.C.K, Pride Kenya, C.C.F, Marie Stopes7,
Plan International, Osienala, World Vision, Women Enterprises Development,
Intermediate Technology, Kenya Freedom From Hunger Council and Overcomes
Visionary Faith Centre among others.
The RDWSSP concentrates on water and sanitation problems in the district. It has
been very active in both lower and Upper Nyakach Divisions and Maseno Divisions
where they have sank many boreholes and built a number of VIP latrines for the
people. Aga Khan has also been active in Lower Nyakach and parts of Upper
Nyakach Divisions.
49
Care Kenya provides credit; while Marie Stopes supports clinical services; KWAHO
is in the health and water sector; KICK and Intermediate Technology are in the
informal sector dealing with innovations and C.C.F and Kenya Freedom from
Hunger Council is also in the water resources development.
During the plan period, the DDC will make efforts to involve all the voluntary
agencies in the industrialization process. The DDC will endeavour to encourage
NGOs to venture into the area of research and development, training particularly
skills acquisition, providing credit for deserving entrepreneurs particularly youths
and women. These are the sort of activities that will help create an industrially
conscious labourforce in the district which is one of the pre-requisites for
industrialization.
Harambee Movement
Many sectors in the district have immensely benefited from the harambee
movement. These include education, health and water. The movement has also
participated in the provision of facilities for Provincial Administration. In the
education sector, facilities like classrooms, workshops, and laboratories have been
provided through the harambee movement the cost sharing system was introduced.
Health facilities such as dispensaries, health Centres and equipment have also been
provided through harambee movements.
The harambee movement will continue to be utilized for resource mobilization for
developrpent and will be diversified as and when the local community is made
aware of the policy of industrialization and the new role of the Government as
facilitator and administrator rather than sole provider.
Regional Authorities and Other Major Parastatals
The main regional authority operating in Kisumu District is the Lake Basin
Development Authority. The authority was constituted by an act of parliament in
1979. Its objective is to accelerate development of the lake region. Since its
inception, the authority has contributed towards the district's economic
development activities through the provision of clean domestic water with the
assistance of the Royal Netherlands Government and UNICEF, construction of a
number of wells and improvement of other water points, equipping them with hand­
pumps, providing support to agricultural sector particularly in the areas of rice
production where it offers farmers support to prepare their land and purchase seeds
through a credit scheme, construction of a multi-million shilling rice mill at Kibos
which has greatly improved the rice production and marketing, and assisting in the
easing of the farmers transportation problems through access road support
programme.
50
The authority has also tried to improve animal multiplication through its livestock
multiplication centre at Muhoroni, thus creating direct and indirect employment
through its projects/programmes.
The National Irrigation Board (NIB) is a parastatal engaged in small scale rice
irrigation in Nyando Division. The Board supports two centrally managed rice
irrigation schemes, and runs a rice mill at Ahero.
The Agricultural Finance Corporation is also very active in Kisumu and has provided
Agricultural credit to rice and sugarcane farmers. The Kenya Industrial Estates has
also given its share by promoting industrialization efforts in the district through the
establishment of rural industrial sheds and offering credit facilities to existing and
upcoming industrialists.
All these, institutions will be expected to continue playing the role but will
additionally be expected in particular to focus on rapid industrialization of the
district.
Banks and Non-Banking Financial Institutions
The commercial sector is well developed in Kisumu Town. There are a number of
banks and financial institutions offering credit to the bigger business entrepreneurs
in the district. These are the National Bank of Kenya, Kenya Commercial Bank,
Barclays Bank, Standard Chartered, Cooperative Bank, African Banking Corporation
and Bullion Bank. The Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) include Lake
Credit Finance, and the Housing Finance Company of Kenya and Victoria Finance
among others.
Most of these institutions only offer credit to big businesses and to a very small
extent to the small scale traders. This has made the majority of the small traders
resort to the Non-Governmental Institutions like Care Kenya who offer credits
without requirement of collateral, though they prefer group security. Care Kenya
charges lower interest rates compared to the commercial banks rate. However, the
amount issued is too low for big business ventures.
For faster industrialization of the district, the Banks as well as Non-Banking
Financial Institutions will be requested to review their lending requirements to make
credit more accessible to most entrepreneurs to cater for business needs of the
conditions in the district. Apart from AFC which concentrates on farming, District
Joint Loans Board and Rural Enterprise Funds, no other non financial institutions
cater for small business expansion. The DDC will endeavour to invite K. REP,
Kenya Women Finance Trust and other NGOs who offer group credit to the district
to supplement the activities of Care Kenya.
51
Co-operative Movement
There are four types of cooperative societies operating in Kisumu District namely
Sacco Societies, Housing Cooperative Societies, Consumer Cooperatives and
Marketing Societies.
The main objectives of SACCOs is to promote thrift among its members by
affording them the opportunity to accumulate savings and create a source of loan
funds to other members of the society.
The second type of co-operative society, is consumer co-operative society, it
acquires good quality articles for general use. They also encourage thrift, and
cooperation generally among members to promote the development and
improvement of economic status of the members.
The third type of co-operative societies are Housing Co-operative Societies, which
provide for its members reasonably priced accommodation.
The marketing co-operative societies mainly promote the economic interests of
its members and more particularly arrange for processing, grading, packaging,
transporting and marketing of their products. These societies also provide banking
services to members. The marketing societies in the district include Sugarcane Co­
operative Societies, Fishermen Societies, Coffee, Cotton, Dairy and Multi-Purpose
Co-operative Societies.
All these co-operatives effectively mobilize funds for savings and loan and provide
other essential development services such as the provision of loans to members
encouraging thrift, book keeping and accountancy services, marketing of members
produce and tractor services for harvesting, transportation and ploughing.
Co-operatives, apart form mobilizing savings, will play a crucial role in marketing
the district's produce, an aspect which is still not being handled properly. This will
ensure that the producer eliminates the middleman and is able to fully enjoy the
income accrued. However, the co-operatives in the district, like all other districts
need to be strengthened managerially and technically to cope with the demands of
industrialization. Members will also need to be made aware of the importance of
the movement and how they benefit more from their involvement.
52
CHAPTER TWO
CONSTRAINTS AND STRATEGIES FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION
INTRODUCTION
Having given the districts' geographical background, resources and potential for
industrialization as well as the institutions that will support sustainable
industrialization in the district; this Chapter discusses the major constraints acting
as bottlenecks to the districts industrial growth and resource exploitation and also
propose the most realistic strategies that will remove these constraints within this
plan period.
MAJOR CONSTRAINTS
Kisumu District, although hosting some of the biggest industrial and trade
enterprises in the western region of the country, has a number of constraints
holding back the district industrial development. These constraints include poor
and inadequate infrastructure, inadequate and poorly developed local raw materials,
among others.
Poor and Inadequate Infrastructural Facilities
The district although better served with infrastructural facilities than most of the
districts in Nyanza Province, still has deficiencies which hinder the expected
industrial growth.
There is inadequate supply of electricity in the district, particularly in areas
deserving electricity such as along the beaches and in some of the upcoming
market centres. This has held back the installation of fish coolers to preserve fish
along the beaches and in the landing bays. The emerging of Jua Kali activities
such as metal fabrication which provide a service as well as being a source of
employment have also been hindered in the small towns and urban centres yet to
be supplied with electricity.
Fishermen working along the beaches have been losing a lot of income because of
lack of cooling facilities. Most of them end up selling their fish at very low prices
to avoid losses due to the high perishability of their product. This areas will
therefore remain undeveloped if they continue without electricity. Supply of power
will facilitate the construction of fish processing plants and provide an alternative
market for their fish catch. At the same time, the establishment of fish cooling
facilities will assist to stabilise prices and ensure that fishermen get the right prices
for their catch as they will have appropriate storage facilities and freshness of their
catch.
Another major impediment to rapid industrialization is the poor coverage of all
weather roads in the district, particularly in the rural and peri-urban areas, most of
which become impassable during the rainy season. Even within Kisumu
Municipality, where there is alot of industrial and commercial activities the road
network is in a deplorable state.
55
Businessmen, in the town incur higher costs on ware and tear of their vehicles
which is a deterrent to any future investment. Key roads leading to the sugar belt
are poorly maintained and have numerous pot holes which affect the transportation
of sugar cane to the factories. In particular is the Kisumu-Miwani-Chemilil-Nandi
Hills road, which is in a very bad state of disrepair. Farmers incur very high losses
on repairs and fuel because of this. This is further exacerbated by lack of
maintenance of feeder roads in the sugar farms, which has been left to the farmers
In the rural areas, rural access roads have degenerated into mere paths with gully
crossings. For the agriculturally fertile areas around Maseno, Ahero and in the
sugar belt i.e Kibos, Miwani, Chemelil and Muhoroni and parts of Nyakach, the
poor condition of roads has affected the ability to transport produce to the market
Subsequently, most of the produce either rots in the farms, particularly during the
rainy season, or is sold off cheaply to avoid losses. Potential investors are driven
off by the need for investment in roads and other infrastructural development first
before actual business investment is considered and therefore chose to invest in
other areas where infrastructure is more developed.
Water supply is also a major constraint in the district. This is ironic in that the
district lies on the shores of the second largest fresh water lake in the world and
yet even within Kisumu Municipality, cases of water shortages are very common.
In the peri-urban and rural areas, the situation is worse, especially in Kano and
Muhoroni Divisions where outbreaks of cholera and typhoid are common because
of the poor quality of water. The deficiency in the water coverage does not augur
well for the industrial development of the district, especially as water is a basic
prequisite for development. Efforts will have to be made to make water accessible
and reliable for use industrial, domestic and livestock purposes, and to improve its
quality for human and livestock consumption.
Inadequate and Poorly Developed Local Raw Materials for Industrialization
The second most outstanding bottleneck to industrialization and economic growth
is poorly developed raw materials. One of the poorly developed raw materials is
cotton. This crop was once widely grown, with a well developed cotton industry.
The poor cotton seeds now being used has affected the quality and production of
cotton. Some of the cotton industries have collapsed due to this problem.
Sugarcane, although widely grown and used in the sugar industry, is not fully
developed or utilized. The cane could be used for production of other materials
such as molasses, animal feeds among others. The cane could be developed for
other industrial uses other than production of sugar.
Rice which is also widely grown is of poor quality and could further be developed
through the use of better farming methods.
Fish production is not maximised and there is still more potential for increased
production, but this is affected because of lack of electricity along the beaches.
56
Poor Marketing Systems
There is lack of information on goods locally produced and the marketing skills in
the district are yet to be developed. These are the two factors which are very
important for business and industrialization.
The district does not have organized marketing systems for most of its agricultural
and factory produce such as cotton, fruits, livestock products, fish etc. Marketing
of cotton for example has been very problematic as there is no proper market
forcing the farmers to sell it off at throw away prices for middlemen. A lot of fruits
grown in the district go to waste because of lack of marketing. These fruits could
provide small scale fruit processing industries in the district particularly in the raw
materials for rural areas, where with adequate training, they could be produced at
the farm level.
Marketing co-operatives existing in the district are not fully utilized due to
management problems. There will be urgent need for the Ministry of Co-operative
Development to embark on training of management committees and members to
make co-op enhances more efficient and effective.
Marketing of the perishables, especially fish, becomes a problem due to lack of
cooling facilities to cater for the catch.
Inaccessibility to Credit Facilities
Another factor which has acted as a major hindrance to economic progress in the
past and still remains to be a bottleneck in the process of industrialization is the
inaccessibility to credit facilities. Agricultural credit facility is still not conveniently
available to farmers. Lack of information on the procedures on how to obtain the
credit facilities for many businessmen and farmers is also a constraint. Most loan
facilities are tied to collateral security but since most people have a belief that they
may loose land through loans tied to land, they become reluctant to acquire loans.
The land registration process which is too slow and appears cumbersome to the
ordinary person has made it difficult for the landowners to use the title deeds as
collateral securities in the banks. This has had a negative effect on the
industrialization process.
Accessing credit for the small jua kali operator such as mechanic, tailor, shoe
repairer, furniture maker etc. is distant dream. If the private sector is to be prime­
mover in industrialization, then a large chain of those wishing to start small scale
or micro-scale ventures will be largely left behind since they are not catered for in
the banking financial set-up.
57
Resource Destabilisation by Floods and Water Hyacinth
The Lake Victoria, which is a major source of fishing contributing significantly to
the economy of the district, has been infested by the water Hyacinth thus affectinq
the fish breeding areas. This is a water weed that is likely to seriously affect fish
production along the main beaches of Kisumu. If the weed continues to grow
unabated, the fish processing industry will be affected and therefore retarding
industrialization in the district. Fishing in general, will become a thing of the past
since the rate at which the weed grows will render even the shores inaccessible
The Kano plains which are prone to floods during the rainy season claim a lot of
properties including crops and animals. A lot of raw materials that could facilitate
the setting up of industries are usually destroyed thus retarding development
Furthermore after these floods, diseases follow killing and weakening the labour
force. Industrial development cannot be a success under this scenario.
Underdeveloped Human Resources
In the district, the development of human resources at present is moderate, but this
is falling at a fast rate due to lack of adequate training opportunities in the district
to enhance further development. This is detrimental to the sustenance of the little
level of industrialization achieved so far. The requirement of qualified personnel for
industrial development has not been met by the district due to fewer training
opportunities than the demand. In preparation for the industrial take off, these
training facilities are inadequate and ill equipped to impart the required skills.
Another factor contributing to underdeveloped human resources is the malaria
menace. Malaria has been a long time problem in the district. This affects the
health of the labour force rendering them weak and therefore unable to contribute
actively to industrialisation of the district. AIDS is another major constraints which
has had devastating effects on the size of the labour force as it is prevalent among
the 15-59 age group. The disease has mostly affected the educated and trained
segment of the labour force thus reducing the capacity of the district to cope with
the challenges of industrialization.
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
After looking at the constraints to the districts ability to industrialize, this sub­
section goes ahead and proposes realistic strategies that the district will adopt over
the five year period to address the constraints. Efforts will be made to involve all
the sectors in particular the private sector to achieve these strategies.
Improvement of Infrastructural Facilities
During this plan period the DDC will give higher priority to roads. The District
Works office will embark on the improvement of rural roads to all weather 
58
standards in the peri-urban areas and the maintenance of the already existing
roads, and rehabilitation of the bad roads especially in the Municipality of Kisumu,
the sugar belt and other areas. The Municipal Council will be urged to give priority
to the town roads because this is particularly a bottleneck to the industrial
development in the town.
There are areas like from Ahero to the rice fields, where the mode of
communication has changed to the use of bicycles because of bad roads. These
will also be improved, through the improvement of such roads.
Key roads leading to the sugar belt will also be given attention to further develop
the sugar industry, and encourage more investors. These roads include the
Kisumu-Nandi Hills road and other feeder roads.
Rural access roads which have seriously degenerated will be improved. Priority will
be given to the productive divisions of Ahero, Maseno and parts of Nyakach. This
roads improvement will go a long way to promoting industrial development in this
potentially rich district.
Electricity coverage will be stepped up in the district. The Rural Electrification
Programme will be extended to cover more rural areas and priority will be given to
the areas along the beaches, as this will facilitate the installation of coolers to
promote the fish industry. The other urban centres apart from Kisumu require
electricity for jua kali and other activities. The DDC will improve this electricity
coverage through tapping of the Odino Falls Power Plant.
The District Water Office will embark on a programme to improve water facilities
in the district. Priority will be given to the Municipality of Kisumu to sort out the
long running problems of water shortages. Water sources like dams will be tapped
and treated for the development of water supplies to the cholera and typhoid prone
areas of Kano and Muhoroni Divisions. Provision of water will foster industrial
development in the district.
Development of Local Raw Materials For Industrial Use
The cotton industry is very viable and could trigger off and revive a number of
industries. The decline in the industry which had been experienced in the past will
be improved through supply of an improved quality seed supplied to farmers.
Production will also be increased through bringing more of the fallow land into use.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development will undertake this as a
priority towards the development of the cotton industry. The Ministry of
Agriculture will also educate these in the sugar industry on utilization of other by
products of canafor the maximisation of the cane as a raw material. Rice farmers
will also be educate^ on better farming methods as well as the preparation,of rice
for the market. This will improve the processing industry and hence the quality.
59
The fishing industry shall also be improved through the provision of electricity alon
the main beaches through the Rural Electrification Programme to facilitate provision
of cold storage facilities under the private sector initiatives.
Improvement of marketing systems
The DDC will ensure that upcoming entrepreneurs are trained on modern marketing
methods. This will enable them to reach wider markets in other districts or the
neighbouring countries. Their training needs will be organized through DDC which
will pass their requests on to business organizations and Non-Governmental
Organizations offering credit in the district. Without proper marketing systems
products may not reach the markets when they are desired to.
Co-operatives will be strengthened through the Ministry of Co-operative and
committee members trained to introduce proper, well organized marketing systems
for cotton, fruits and fish to avoid a lot of wastage. Private entrepreneurs will also
be encourage to set up food processing industries to serve as a market for the
agricultural raw material. The fishermen will also be encouraged to pool their
resources together and enhance or increase cooling facilities for storage, while
seeking proper markets. Private investors too take the advantage of this. They
can further benefit from their investments by charging a moderate daily fee for
fishermen wishing to store their fish catch.
Some industrial products like bread produced in Kisumu has found its way into the
neighbouring districts and even to Uganda. This has not been done with other
industrial products due to lack of information on the part of the producers.
Open competition on marketing of farm and industrial products shall be encouraged
to enhance knowledge acquired.
Immprovement of Accessibility to Credit Facilities
This should be explored further particularly jua kali goods. However, these artisans
should be made aware of the need for hjgh quality goods which can be easily sold
in the domestic and international market.
In order to hasten the industrialization process in the district, sources of cheap
credit facilities shall be looked for and the people educated on the importance of
credit in business. The facilities shall be those that demand less of collateral
securities, and go for personality and group securities. This would especially
enable women to participate actively in the industrialization process. Such
institutions are Kenya Finance, K-REP Women Trust,. Care Kenya and the new
planned facility that shall be funded through IMPSEP Programme and small scale
and jua kali programmes.
The DDC through the District Industrial Committee will further train and put up
campaigns to educate the public on the facilities available for credit and the
procedures involved. The Lands office in the district will be called upon to hasten
the land registration process to issue title deeds in good time, such that willing
business men and entrepreneurs can acquire loans when required.
Flood and Water Hyacinth Management
The flooding in the Kano Plains has been an impediment to the economic growth
and therefore has reduced the level of industrialization process in the district. The
DDC will give priority to the management and control, on permanent basis, of the
perennial flooding of River Nyando and Miriu through dam constructions to store
the water for other uses especially during drought. Efforts will also be made to
provide clean drinking water and health services to build a strong labour force.
Water Hyacinth will also be given priority attention by the DDC. A combined effort
of the Government, international community and the local fishermen and
communally living along the lake shore shall control and completely eliminate the
existence of this dangerous weed in the lak~
Development Of Human Resources
In order to maintain the development of human resource in the district, the Ministry
of Education will encourage the establishment of training facilities especially by
private investors. More emphasis will be given to vocational training.
The DDC will also give priority to ensuring that the existing facilities are well
equipped to offer the required skills. This could be done through the cost sharing
and on harambee basis.
The Ministry of Health will enhance the campaigns against malaria through
programmes such as spraying of the stagnant water ponds, and clearing of bushes
etc. The general public will also be educated on the importance of clearing their
homesteads of possible mosquito breeding grounds. The Ministry will also continue
to provide health services to the affected population especially the rural poor.
CHAPTER THREE
SECTORAL POLICIES AND
DISTRICT SPECIFIC PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES
63
INTRODUCTION
Having given the district's setting for industrial transformation in Chapter One, and
identified constraints to and strategies for industrialisation in Chapter Two, Chapter
Three provides the plan of action detailing how the district will lay the foundation
for industrial transformation in the five year period.
It should be noted that industrial transformation calls for an overall growth in all the
sections of the economy, particularly a dynamic agricultural sector to provide the
required raw materials and market for the industrial products.
The Government will continue to provide infrastructure where possible and to
create an enabling environment for the private sector to participate fully in
industrial transformation of the district. Attention will also be paid to ensuring that
issues of poverty are addressed so that all the members of the community are
allowed to actively participate in development.
The Chapter is divided into sectors each of which is divided into four sub-sectors
namely: Sectoral Policy Objectives; Review of 1994-96 Plan Period; District
Specific Objectives and Targets and Projects and Programme Priorities for the Plan
Period.
AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING
Sectoral Policy Objectives
Broadly defined, the main objective of the sector is to contribute to the overall
National development goals of poverty alleviation and equitable income distribution,
food security and elimination of malnutrition, creation of employment and income
earning opportunities, earning of foreign exchange, and import substitution.
Contribution to these goals occurs through supporting the farming community to:-
Produce and market a wide range of food crops and livestock products to
feed the nation;
Produce for export to earn foreign exchange needed for payment of imports
into the country (coffee, tea, pyrethrum and livestock products);
Provide raw materials for local industries such as cotton, sisal, tobacco,
barley, hops, oil crops, sugarcane, hides and skins etc;
Exercise statutory duties pertaining to control and treatment of livestock
diseases;
To ensure efficient and effective management of food; and
65
To ensure that the foodstuffs are geographically distributed so that all
members of the population have a nutritionally adequate diet throughout the
year.
Review of the 1994 - 96 Plan Period
A total of ten projects were implemented over the 1994-96 plan period. These
included the following:
South West Kano irrigation project implemented by the Small Holder Rice
Rehabilitation Programme (SRRP);
Child Survival and Development Project and;
The Special Energy Project.
Over the same period two new projects namely the Fertilizer Extension Project and
Safe Use Project were introduced and are on-going.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: Facilitate the production of food.
Targets: To hold 60 workshops for district and divisional based staff; hold
480 monthly training sessions for frontline extension staff; hold 5
field days at the district level; and 40 field days at divisional level,
participate in 5 Agricultural Shows in conjunction with ASK and the
Office of the Provincial Director of Agriculture; hold 120 farm
approach demonstrations covering the major crops grown in various
divisions in the district.
Objective: Increase overall food production through expansion of area under crop
and increased production per unit area to ensure food self sufficiency.
Targets: Produce 930,000 bags of cereals from 35,000 hectares, 95,000 bags
of grain legumes from 10,000 hectares, 60,000 tonnes of root crops
from 4,000 hectares, 40,000 tonnes of fruits and vegetables from
2,000 hectares, 200,000 bags of rice from 4,000 hectares,
4,800,000 kg of cotton from 6,000 hectares.
Objective: To promote coffee growing and processing in the district.
Targets: Undertake internal wiring and provision of electricity to South
Nyakach Coffee Factory.
66
Provide Ruiru II seedlings to Nyakach, Muhoroni and provide 10 hand
pulpers to farmers in Muhoroni and Nyahera.
Objective: Improve cotton production through.
Targets: Increase hectarage under cotton from 4,500 ha. to 6,000 ha. Increase
yields from 500 kg/ha. to 800 kg/ha. through provision of high
yielding KSA 81M seed, minimize pest/disease incidence through
provision of chemicals for crop protection.
Objective: To protect soil and sustain its fertility through adoption of correct land
management practices and appropriate water use policies.
Targets: To conserve 48 catchment areas covering 9,600 ha. and 800 farms,
raise 300,000 fruit tree seedlings, 100,000 forest tree seedlings and
75,000 agro-forestry tree seedlings.
67
PRIORITIES
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME
6. Safe Chemical Use Project Educate farmers on safe and effective
District-Wide methods of use of chemicals for crop
protection. /
Funding Source: G.T.F.A.P.
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division ■Ranking
Lake Victoria 1 To quantify the magnitude of soil erosion
Environmental and nutrient loss from a range of land
Management covers and uses.
Programme
(L.V.E.M.P) To identify appropriate remedial measures
Muhoroni, Upper and interventions for arresting the
Nyakach, Lower degradation process by developing
Nyakach and Winam sustainable agricultural systems and
Division practices in the catchment and
To develop systems that promote soil and
water conservation.
Justification: Soil erosion has been
identified as a major environmental
problem in Lake Victoria. Hence the need
to institute appropriate measures of soil
and water conservation.
Funding Source: World Bank
Veterinary Department
Review of the 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
During this plan period, no major disease outbreaks occurred. However Anthrax,
Trypanosomiasis, Newcastle diseases and East Coast Fever remained endemic in
the district despite efforts to control them. These diseases remained the major
killers of livestock and poultry in the district. Inadequate feed availability made the
problems of diseases worse. Up to 10% and 30% of the local and exotic stock
died from water borne diseases.
69
During the same period, veterinary extension services were started to boost
production.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To control major immunizable diseases i.e. Rinderpest, Anthrax,
Newcastle, Foot and Mouth Disease etc. Encourage farmers through
extension services to control diseases.
Target: Attain 80% immunization rate of all stock. Inspect upto 80% of the
meat presentation points, slaughter houses, slabs, home slaughter,
festivities slaughter etc.
Objective: To create awareness on causes and management of livestock
diseases.
Targets: Reach at least 80% of the farmers and create awareness on livestock
diseases and their controls.
Objective: Enhance meat inspection to reduce zoonosis.
Targets: Inspect the meat presentation facilities.
Objectives: Enhance awareness on veterinary services.
Targets: Reach upto 80% of the farming community and provide modern
extension services.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Division/Location
1. National Extension Provide farmers with technical knowledge on
Project II various aspects of veterinary services to reduce the
District-wide incidence of diseases and to improve production.
Funding Source: GOK/World Bank
2. Foot and Mouth Immunize cattle against Foot and Mouth Disease.
Disease Control
District-wide Funding Source: GOK
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location Ranking
Disease and Pest Control 1 Control major livestock diseases
District-wide through vaccinations, surveillance
and direct intervention.
Justification: Disease is a major
problem to optimal production of
high grade stock.
Funding Source: GOK/Community
Dips Rehabilitation Project 2 Rehabilitation and provision of fresh
District-wide acaricide, to the dips.
Justification: Tick borne diseases
are major killers of livestock.
Funding Source: GOK/Dip
Committee
Construction of new dips in order
of priority: Ang'og'a Osane Dip,
Bwanda Cattle Dip, Ayweyo Cattle
Dip,
Magina Cattle Dip Nyando in
Division, Nyandina Cattle
Nyakwere Cattle, Difebi Cattle Dip,
Keyo Ogoro Cattle Dip,
Nyamarimba Cattle Dip, Obwosa
Cattle Dip
Justification: The nearest dips are
far. These will reduce the
incidence of tick-borne diseases in
the district.
Funding Source: GOK/Community
Livestock Department
Review of 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
The National Poultry Development Programme ended in 1 995. Table 3.1. Shows
the achievements of the programme.
Table 3.1
Achievements of National Poultry Development Programme 1994-95
Project Activity Planned Achieved
Cockerels received 1,500 1,641
Pullets received 1,500 1,640
Cockerels exchanged 1,250 1,047
Pullets exchanged 1,250 916
Vaccinations (birds) 25,000 •19,345
Farmers non residential courses 14 13
Staff courses 2 nil
Staff tours 5 3
Farm visits 8,320 9,000
Field days 10 4
Farms tours 7 5
Source: District Livestock Production Office, Kisumu, 1996.
It should be noted that low achievement on cockerel exchanges was due to the
high mortality in the rearing unit while the low vaccinations were due to the cost
sharing which caught farmers unaware.
Over 1994-96 period, the achievements attained in the National Extension
Programme (NEP) II were as shown in Table 3.2.
1 nhlo 3.2
X;.*>.*» I Wosjoa JVeqi amine (NLP) II Achievements 1994-96
F> V VtVvx Planned Achieved
Mertv\ 18 12
M? ; .J vy 129 162
r' * ** * *\*4 64 62
Follow < c \ $ 2 st ot SMS 100 87
Follow ue \ sts 2 \ $ onal SMS 930 750
FTC Courses for stf- 6 —
FTC Courses for farmers 20 —
District Co-ordinator Committee 8 8
Meetings
Field Days 18 18
Research/extension linkage meetings 8 8
Source: District Livestock Production Office, Kisumu, 1996.
Not all planned activities could be achieved in this department due to lack of
adequate funding, under-staffing and inadequate transport.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: Increase the milk production by 0.13 :ts per animai to narrow the
deficit.
T arget: Improve the daily milk yield per animai dv at east 20%.
Purchase at least 200 dairy cows per veer arc
Estates'' and maintain 4 schemes ?er vear
Objective ? am e.e se ' s»." •?-earc ccuitr*/ orocucts cismct-
•>I ;dte.
Target: Establish at least one private rearing unit per division with a capacity
to rear and exchange 500 cockerels and 2000 pullets per year.
Vaccinate 1 2000 chicken per division against the common diseases
like NCD, Fowl pox and fowl typhoid.
Objective: Create awareness, train and motivate the farmers to start or improve
their livestock.
Target: To hold 9 monthly workshops, 96 monthly training sessions, 32
demonstrations, 528 follow up visits by both district and divisional
subject matter specialists;
Conduct 6 FTC courses for farmers and staff, 6 educational tours for
staff and farmers, 9 field days, 4 research/extension linkage meetings
per year.
Objective: To achieve self sufficiency in bee products and export the surplus.
Target: Set up one KTBH manufacturing workshop in the district.
Purchase 6 bee handling equipments;
Train farmers on bee handling and rearing;
Hold 8 demonstrations and/or field days per year; and
Rehabilitate two stalled honey refineries in the district.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
k. On-going Projects
Project Name Location/Division ______________ Description of Activities
1. National Extension Project (NEP) II Offer appropriate
District-wide extension services to the
farmers to improve
productivity and utilization 
of the farms.
Funding Source: World
Bank/GOK
2. Livestock Development Programme (LDP) Upgrading of the local
zebu through use of high
District-wide quality bulls.
B. New Project Proposals
Priority Description of Activities
Project Name
Location/Division Ranking_____________________________________________
— 1 Purchase a vehicle, motor bikes and
Bee Keeping Project bicycles
District-wide
Justification: The facilities will assisting
carrying out extension services to the
farmers. Provide Kenya Top Bar Hives
(KTBH) to farmers and protective clothing
Funding Source: GOK
Dairy Development 2 Purchase a vehicle, motor bikes and
Project bicycles. Training of farmers, on various
District-wide dairy production activities.
Buy dairy cows and breeding bulls and loan
them to farmers.
Provide extension services to the farmers
to improve the farmers' capacity to keep
and maintain high yielding dairy animals.
Improve the genetic potential of the
existing zebu stock through upgrading
using proven exotic bulls.
77
CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The policy objectives of the sector are:
To provide an e»"na»°b'li"n'a ecnovmirronnemrceianltl yf ovri athbele  ecmoeorpgeernactiev eo fm ao svelmf-seunstt aaibnlien gto.
member-controlled a nrivate sector enterprises in a liberalized and
Ensure that co-operatives are well organized and protect the f
interests of their members; nancial
Improve the management of co-operatives through effective training
programmes for managers, general members and management committee
members;
Promote the spread of co-operative organizations into all sectors of th
economy that address economically vulnerable groups;
Promote the contribution of co-operatives to the production, processing and
marketing of major agricultural products, particularly coffee, sugar,
horticulture, pyrethrum, cotton, maize, cashew nuts, and dairy;
Encourage co-operatives to engage in employment generating activities,
particularly in small-scale enterprises and Jua Kali;
To play a major role in enhancing and increasing the per capita income and
economic well being of the majority of low income people, through primary
co-operative societies in the rural areas; and
Expand co-operatives into the areas that serve low-income groups through
the provision of shelter and employment opportunities, in line with the
Presidential Employment Commission Report.
78
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. KIMUTE Housing Phase II Construction of housing units; This
Winam Division second phase is to be completed by
individual members.
Funding Source: GOK/lndividuals
2. ZIWO Housing, Renovation of houses for members in slum
Winam Division areas.
Funding Source: GOK
3. Livestock Development Support to co-operatives in training of
Programme members and women groups.
District-Wide
'x,. Funding Source:
GOK/Government of Finland
79
B: New Project Proposals
Priority Description of Activities
Project Name
Location/Division Ranking
1 Construction of housing units at
Harambee Sacco Housing Kanyakwar. Surveying and pegging
Winam Division already completed.
Justification: This will assist members
alleviating housing problems.
Funding Source: Members
2 Construction of housing units.
Kidiruban Housing
Kisumu Municipality Justification: Assist members in
alleviating housing problems.
Funding Source: Members
3 Construction of commercial complex
Kiteo Housing including housing units and the Kiteo
Winam Division office.
Justification: Assist members in
alleviation of housing problems as well
as earn some income.
Funding Source: Members
80
EDUCATION
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The major objectives of this sector are to:-
Enhance and improve the relevance and quality of education at all levels;
Expand access to and retention in education at the Primary and Secondary
levels especially in ASAL, Urban Slum areas, disabled Children and gender
factors;
Strengthen the teaching of science, mathematics and practical subjects at
primary and secondary school levels;
Improve capacity for public universities in order to cope with the student
enrolment (which is projected to grow at 3%) and maintain quality;
Strengthen sector management, planning, budgeting and information
systems; and
Release sustainable levels of resource mobilization.
Review of the 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
During the 1994 - 96 Plan Period, 961 classrooms were planned for primary
schools but only 667 were built and completed, while out of 1,031 workshops
planned, only 105 were completed.
221 secondary school science laboratories were planned but only 130 were
completed. 87 workshops and science rooms were completed.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To improve the academic standards of the district
Targets: Provide adequate text books, desks, classrooms, laboratories and
qualified staff. Intensity inspections and assessment, and subdivide
large zones for easier management.
81
PROJECTS and programme priorities
On-going Projects
Project Name Location/Division Description of Activities
1. Maseno School Construction of 2 semi-detached
Maseno Division teachers houses.
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
2. Ratta Secondary School Equipping of science laboratory.
Maseno Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
3. Sinyolo Girls Secondary School Construction of library
Maseno Division
Funding Source: PTA, BOG and
local community
4. Mariwa Sec. School Construction of classrooms
Maseno Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
5. Ongalo Secondary School Equipping science laboratory
Maseno Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
6. Huma Girls Secondary Construction of two semi-detached
Maseno Division teachers houses.
Funding Source: PTA, BOG
7. Lions High School Construction of science laboratory
Kadibo Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
8. Alendu Secondary School Construction of science laboratory
Kadibo Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
82
9. Migingo Girls Construction of library
Secondary
Kadibo Division Funding Source: PT AV BOG
10. Otieno Oyoo Sec. Construction of 3rd dormitory
Kadibo Division
Funding source: PT A/BOG
11. Nyamasaria Sec. Equipping of science laboratory.
Kadibo Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG and local
community.
12. Muhoroni Sec. Construction of administration block
Muhoroni Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
13. Achego Girls Sec. Construction of home science room.
Muhoroni Division
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
14. Nyakach Girls Sec. Construction of library/assembly hall
Upper Nyakach
Division Funding Source: PTA/BOG
15. Nyabondo High Construction of multipurpose hall.
School
Upper Nyakach
Division Funding Source: PTA/BOG
16. Miriu Sec. School Construction of administration block
Upper Nyakach
Division Funding Source: Local community
PTA/BOG and Lutheran Church
17. Naki Sec. School Construction of teachers house.
Upper Nyakach
Division Funding Source: PTA/BOG
83
B: Nfw riohnd I’H’m'snls
Project Nnmo I’lloilly Description of Activities
I OCatlOli/l >ivi‘;i(>i> 11 a 11 k II i (| ___________________
Primary f'.cbool I Jojskfi I Provision of desks in all primary schools
District Wide
Justification: 'o enable al: primary
cchool pup.is earn comfortably.
Funding source DEB Barents
I ext Books Programme 2 Provision of text seeks in aii primary
District-Wide cchoois.
Justification: ~z'~r=z "C's/emer.t of
?zZ'Z-z " z '~?z'ZZ'Z " the v/nole
'id’jru Sec. School 3
'Z c-o Division
 
Fu-s'-z "EG <3
'.feo-oa Sec. School 4
_c .'.es \vakach Division
Jusim sere - ~e z ' ~ei~
~c"\ e "e z ar«ce zz sr_c~-.ts in
Funding Scarce
Ahero Girls Sec. 5
Nyando Division
Just?~: ’•* > ;< a 3 s~^=~>eo
s.ci'.ev ?,'? s cc—.tc“. a ii; ease
the ec v'es: c
Funding Se; c-e
Thurgem Sec. School 6 Construction of teachers houses^/
Lower Nyakach Division
Justification: This is a boarding school
that requires teachers to reside in the
school compound.
Funding Source: PTA/ElOG
/
Kisumu Day Secondary 7 Construction of adrhinistration block
Kadibo Division and library
Justification:/ The headmaster and
teachers operate from classrooms
converted to offices hence the need for
administration block. The library will
offer reference and reading facilities.
Funding Source: PT A and BOG
Paw-tenge Primary 8 Construction of teachers houses.
Lower Nyakach Division
Justification: The teachers travel long
distances.
Funding Source: PT A and BOG
Ngere High School Construction of library
Maseno Division
Justification: For better academic
performance
Funding Source: PTA/BOG
Kisumu Girls High Completion of dining hall cum assembly
School hall.
Kadibo Division
Justification: The existing dining hall
cannot accommodate all the students
at once, hence the need for one.
Funding Source: Parents/Community
85
Onjiko High School 11 Construction of laboratory
Kacfibo Division
Justification: The facility will help in
improving academic performance
especially in science subjects
Funding Source: PT A / B 0 G
Kajimbo 12 Construction of library
Upper Nyakach
Division Justification: For better academic
performance.
Funding Source: PT A / B O G
86
F
PUBLIC WORKS AND HOUSING
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The objectives of the sector are to:
Provide an efficient, adequate and reliable road transport network;
Ensure more effective use of existing road infrastructure, preservation of
existing investments already made in the development of the road
infrastructure, stimulation of rapid socio-economic development plus safer
roads and environment;-
Intensify use of labour based technologies for road maintenance and
rehabilitation;
Provide decent and affordable shelter, coordinate activities and programmes
aimed at improving slum and squatter settlements.
Review of 1994-96 Plan Period
Over the period under review 332.2 Kms of Ahero-Sondu road was recarpeted
while work on Mamboleo-Muhoroni road (52.2 km) is in progress 8.5km of
Mohoroni-Songor was gravelled while 36.5km of sugar roads were improved. A
total of 47.5kms of minor and Rural Access Roads were improved namely - Kadibo-
Soko road (11.2km), Wathorego-Provincial boundary - (7.0km), Holo-Lelo (7.2km)
and Maseno-Lela-Chulaimbo road (10.9km).
Overall, 16.2km of class C roads, 315.6 of class D and 483.2km of class E roads
were graded. However due to shortage of funds, 59kms of roads earmarked for
tarmacking and also the Kisumu by pass were not done.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objectives: Restrict construction of new roads but improve existing ones.
Targets. Undertake maintenance of paved and unpaved roads and bridges.
87
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Roads Department
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. C34 Mamboleo - Tarmacking, resealing and recarpeting
Muhoroni Road
Muhoroni Division Funding Source: GOK
2. D218 Sondu-Kusa Road Gravelling, improvement and murram
patching
Funding Source: GOK
3. D311 Muhoroni- Gravelling, improvement and murram
Songhor patching
Muhoroni Division
Funding Source: GOK
4. D245 DB Vihiga-DB Gravelling, improvement of drainage
Siaya works and murram patching
Maseno Division
Funding Source: GOK
5. E11 34 Katito-Miruka Improvement, opening culverts and
gravelling
Funding Source: GOK
88
Minor Roads Programme
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Rabuor-Nyangande road Re-gravelling
RAR 17
Kadibo Division Funding Source: DANIDA/GOK
2. Kombewa-Bodi Beach Road Re-gravelling
RAR 20
Kombewa Location Funding Source: DANIDA/GOK
Nyando Division
3. Angoga - Bodi road Re-gravelling
RAR 1 1 - Kombewa
Nyando Division Funding Source: DANIDA/GOK
4. Obambo - Kaloka Regravelling
RAR 3
Maseno Division Funding Source: DANIDA/GOK
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
D245 Maseno-Kombewa 1 Tarmacking
road
Maseno Division Justification: The road serves a high
potential area and will facilitate
transportation of fish and vegetables.
Funding Source: GOK
89
D218 Sondu-Kusa 2 Tarmacking
Justification: It serves a high potential
area.
Funding Source: GOK
D311 Kopere - 3 Tarmacking, recarpeting/resealing
Songhor Road
Muhoroni Division Justification: The surface of this road is
completely worn out although it is in
this high potential area.
Funding Source: GOK
D293 Ahero - 4 Recarpeting and resealing
Miwani Road
Miwani Justification: To facilitate transportation
of sugarcane to the factories'.-
Funding Source: GOK
D31 1 Muhoroni- 5 Tarmacking
Songhor Road
Muhoroni Division Justification: The road serves a high
potential area and will facilitate the
transportation of sugarcane to
factories.
Funding Source: GOK
Kisumu By Pass 6 Tarmacking
Kisumu Municipality
Justification: Reduce traffic
congestion in town.
Funding Source: GOK
C35 Muhoroni - 7 Recarpeting
Londiani Road
Muhoroni Division Justification:
To prevent further deterioration
Funding Source: GOK
90
C85 Kisumu-Dunga-Town 8 Tarmacking
Road
Winam Division Justification: To facilitate the
movement of tourists into the tourist
resorts in the area.
Funding Source: GOK
D129 Kolenyo-Akado 9 Gravelling
road
Justification: To facilitate
transportation in this high potential
area.
Funding Source: GOK
E220 Awasi-Katito 10 Gravelling
road
Nyando/Nyakach Divisions Justification: To facilitate
transportation of cotton and other
farm produce to markets
Funding Source: GOK
E248 Chiga-Kibigori 11 Gravelling
road
Muhoroni Division Justification: To facilitate sugarcane
transportation in the sugar belt.
Funding Source: GOK
D293 Ahero-Ombaka 12 Gravelling
Muhoroni Division
Justification: To facilitate
transportation of sugarcane to the
factories.
Funding Source: GOK
E239 Koru-Fort-Ternan 13 Gravelling
Muhoroni Division
Justification: To ease the movement in
this high potential area.
Funding Source: GOK
91
Minor Roads Programme
B; New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Ahero-Kaluore RAR 16 1 Opening , culverting, regraveling
Nyando Division
Justification: Ease transportation of
rice to the milling factories.
Funding Source: GOK
Kanyamlori-Cherwa RAR road 2 Culverting, regraveling
45
Lower Nyakach Division Justification: The road is serving a
high potential area
Funding Source: GOK
Alendu Bl - Migingo RAR 76 3 Opening, culverting and regraveling
Kadibo Division
Justification: The road is serving
high potential area, producing
cotton, maize and rice.
Funding Source: GOK
Sondu Nyamarimba RAR 13 4 Opening, culverting, regraveling
Upper Nyakach Division
Justification: Prevent further
deterioration of the already existing
road serving farming areas.
Funding Source: GOK
Korowe-Nyangande D290 5 Opening, culverting, regraveling
Nyando Division
Justification: To facilitate
sugarcane transportation to the
factory, and rice production
Funding Source: GOK
92
Koru S 2050, 6 Culverting, opening, regraveling
Muhoroni Division
Justification: To facilitate
sugarcane transportation to the
factory and rice production
Funding Source: GOK
Otodo Opapla E1 1 1 5 7 Opening, culverting and
Winam Division regraveling
Justification: To facilitate fish
transportation and building
material to the market.
Funding Source: GOK
Koru-Minara S1 91 1/7 8 Opening, culverting and
Muhoroni Division regraveling
Justification: To ease
transportation of sugar to the
factory
Funding Source: GOK
Kondik-Onyinyore RAR 29 9 Opening, culverting, regraveling
Kombewa
Justification: The road serves a
high potential area
Funding Source: GOK
Okano Wach-Osuoume 10 Opening, culverting, and
RAR 42 regravelling
Justification: This road serves a
potential area
Funding Source: GOK
93
Kolenyo-Korwonje E255 1 I Opening, culverting, and
Kombewa regraveling
Justification: To prevent further
deterioration.
Funding Source: GOK
Bridge Programme
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Wath Orego 1 Build 2 span box culvert
Kajulu West
Winam Division Justification: To improve access
to high potential areas.
Funding Source: GOK
Kolenyo - Reru-Central 2 Build 2 span box culverts
Seme
Justification: To improve access
to high potential areas
Funding Source: GOK
Wan'ga Rot - Central 3 Build bridge
Seme Justification: To improve access
to. markets for produce from
farmlands
Funding Source: GOK
94
Korwenje-North 4 Build bridge
Central Seme
Justification: To improve access
to markets for produce from
farmlands
Funding Source: GOK
Chiga 5 Build rented drifts
Justification: To open up
farmlands to markets
Funding Source: GOK
Ombeyi-Kigoche- 6 Build 2 span box culvert
Ahero-Miwani Road 221704/217757
Miwani Division
Justification: To Improve
movement of farm produce
Funding Source: GOK
Korowe-Kabonyo-Rice 7 Build box culvert
Irrigation Kano
Nyando Division Justification: To improve
network connection to market
centres and facilitate access to
this fertile area.
Funding Source: GOK
95
LAND RECLAMATION, REGIONAL AND WATER DEVELOPMENT
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The major sectoral objectives are:-
Development and distribution of water to all rural and urban areas of the
country for domestic, agricultural, livestock and industrial usage;
Planning, utilization and conservation of water resources;
Monitoring against the dangers of pollution of the water resources; and
Encouraging the beneficiaries to be involved in the planning, implementation
and operation and maintenance of water supplies.
Review of the 1994 - 96 Plan Period
During the period, Kisumu Rural Water Supply was completed at a cost of Sh. 60
million and is expected to serve 1 50,000 people. Other water supplies were also
completed for Ksh.4 million. A borehole was drilled and pipes laid to serve Koru
Girls School and Koru Mission. 1 15 shallow wells were dug and equipped with
hand pumps.
Awasi Water Supply was also rehabilitated over the period with assistance of
Catholic Archdiocese. During the same period, the design for Songhor-Muhoroni
water supply was completed. However due to lack of funds, 28 shallow wells
sponsored by UNICEF stalled at various stages of construction. Low funding levels
slowed the progress of Nyando Flood Protection Programme. Korwenje Water
Supply also stalled due to inadequate funding.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objectives: Increase access to safe drinking water for an additional population of
187,000 thus increase safe water coverage from 42% to 68%.
Promote public awareness on the importance of safe water usage and
maintenance of water facilities.
Target: To const jet 350 water points and equip the same with hand pumps.
To construct two gravity piped water schemes i.e. N.E Kano,
Songhor, Muhoroni Water Projects and one (1) No. pumped piped
water scheme at West Kano Water Project.
96
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Nyando Flood Control Flood control activities, construction of dykes,
Nyando Division river drainage
Purchase and repair of plants.
Funding Source: GOK
2. Kisumu Rural Water To complete weir and distribution lines and build
Supply Phase I treatment works. To construct one dublex grade
West Seme 8 house.
East Seme and Central
Seme Locations Funding Source: GOK
Maseno Division
3. Nyakoko ( Miwani) To complete installation and equipping of
Women Group borehole. To construct elevated storage tanks;
Borehole lay pipeline and construct various water kiosks at
Miwani Division least 3 No.
Funding Source: GOK
4. Tamu Water Supply Rehabilitation of supply :
Muhoroni Division
Replacement of pumping and generating sets;
Rehabilitation of staff houses rehabilitation of
delivery line
Funding Source: GOK
5. Vitendo Water Project Survey and design , construct intake, gravity
main, storage tank and distribution lines
Funding Source: GOK
97
6. Mkendwa Kanyakwar Laying of independent rising main from
Water Supply storage tank to intake; replacement of
vandalized distribution lines between storage
tank and RIAT; rehabilitation of storage tank
Funding Source: GOK
7. Katho Water Project Complete 3 masonry tanks,
Equip Lay of rising main
Laying of distribution lines and construction
of water kiosks.
Funding Source: GOK
8. Rural Domestic Water Construction of wells and equipping the
Supply and Sanitation same with hand pumps for provision of safe
Programmes water for domestic use.
Upper and Lower
Nyakach Divisions Provision of materials for construction of pit
latrines
Funding Source: GOK/Netherlands
9. Nyakach Water Supply Complete construction of filtration unit,
Lower and Upper purchase and placement of filter media.
Nyakach Divisions Provision of 5 permanent gully crossings
along two separate lines. Extension of a
third 10km line. Extension of line along
Miriu cliff (8km) ; extension to Sango Rota
(4km) of 75mm diameter.
Funding Source: GOK
10. Maseno Kombewa Water Extension of Kuoyo/Nyamor line, purchase
Supply 3 FRN dosers and 1 FRO doser; construct
Maseno Division offices at Kombewa market and purchase
furniture and manhole covers, replacement
of 2 No. 3" and 5 No. 4" ball valves and
replenishment of filter media.
Funding Source: GOK
11. Nyando/Kadibo Water Construction of 120 machine drilled shallow
and Sanitation wells equipped with hand pumps.
Programme
Nyando/Kadibo Division Funding Source: GOK/Netherlands
Nyando/Kadibo Water and Sanitation
Programme
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Child Survival and 1 To drill 200 shallow wells and equip
Development Programme the same with hand pumps.
(CSD)
Miwani/Maseno Division To protect 20 springs in Maseno
Division
Justification: These areas do not
have adequate clean water.
Funding Source: GOK/UNICEF
Muhoroni Water Supply 2 Laying of independent rising main to
Muhoroni Division storage tank. Repair of backwash
tank, purchase and installation of low
lift pumping set, laying of line to
Thesalia Mission Hospital, repair of
backwash tank and elevated storage
tank; repair of composite filtration
unit.
Justification: This supply has by far
outlived its design capacity.
Improvements to be done will enable
project to supply adequate water.
Funding Source: GOK
North East Kano W/P 3 To rehabilitate the intake of
Kibigori Water Supply Kibigori Water Supply.
Miwani Division
Replace the gravity mains by
installing a bigger diameter pipe
to improve the distribution
Justification: This supply has
outlived its design capacity.
Funding Source: GOK
100
Songhor/Muhoroni Water 4 Commence implementation of
Project Muhoroni Division phase I which includes: intake
gravity main, 1 storage tank, and
1 distribution line.
Justification: The area has no
potable water.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
Kajulu Gravity Line 5 Carry out feasibility studies,
Winam Division survey and complete design
Justification: This would be an
alternative source to Mkendwa
Kanyakwar Water Supply since
the present source is shared by
Nyahera Water Supply hence
inadequate supply to Mkendwa
area and RIAT.
Funding Source: GOK
101
LANDS AND SETTLEMENT
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The objectives of the sector are to:
Ensure that the landless Kenyans are settled in available Government and
Trust Land;
Ensure that plot owners are issued with title deeds or leases to ensure
guaranteed ownership of land;
Safeguard public interest, ensure stable and orderly use of land, safeguard
property values, and planning for future development for all human
settlements (both rural and urban) in Kenya;
Ensure contribution to increased production of exports and local
consumption;
Ensure creation of employment opportunities in all sectors of the economy,
particularly in the rural areas; and
Ensure optimum utilization of land resources for all purposes to increase
economic productivity.
102
project and programme priorities
Department of Lands
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Telephone Services 1 Purchase of PABX for telephone
Winam Division services.
Justification: Will enable Kisumu Ardhi
office to have telephone
communications.
Funding Source: GOK
Provision of a Vehicle 2 Purchase of a new 4W vehicle
Winam Division
Justification: This will enable valuers to
move around the district assessing
stamp duty as a means of taxation,
land registrar to go out and settle
boundary disputes and land officers to
inspect developments on plots in towns
and trading centres within the district.
Funding Source: GOK
Provision of Fire 3 Purchase and installation of fire fighting
Equipment equipments
Winam Division
Justification: Currently the building
does not have fire fighting equipment
and therefore the documents run the
risk of destruction by fire.
Funding Source: GOK
103
Survey Department
Review of the 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
Durinq the plan period, over 500 plots were surveyed in Kisumu Town. Maseno
Township was controlled in readiness for survey. Survey to settle squatters in
Muhoroni was completed, though the second phase is yet to be completed.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: Speed up the land surveying in the urban centres and adjudication
areas.
Taraets- Enable plot owners in about 20 urban centres and at least 10
’ adjudication areas get title deeds which they can use as collateral to
obtain loans.
104
Survey Department
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Survey of Muhoroni 1 Carry out topo survey to enable
Township physical planning and thereafter
Muhoroni Division carry out cadastral surveying.
Justification: The area is not
planned and developments are not
as per the physical plans.
Funding Source: GOK
Survey of Maseno 2 Carry out cadastral survey to
Township enable land registration
Maseno Division
Justification: This will facilitate
development and issuance of title
deeds in this area.
Funding Source: GOK
Survey of Chiga, Korowe, 3 Carry out top survey to enable
Kibigori, and Nyangande physical planning and thereafter
Market cadastral survey to enable
registration of land.
Justification: To facilitate
registration and issuance of title
deeds.
Funding Source: GOK
105
HOME AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL HERITAGE
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The policy objectives of this sector are to:-
Carry out enquiries and prepare reports for the courts as required;
Supervise offenders placed on Probation, promote their rehabilitation and
ensure that they do not revert to crime;
Continue conducting after-care of offenders from penal institutions;
Train probation officers through seminars and workshops so that quality of
their performance improves;
Construct and maintain prison facilities that ensure holding while protecting
prisoners from epidemic and ill-health;
Ensure that prisoners are adequately fed and clothed and rehabilitated;
Promote the rehabilitation of prisoners so that they return to society as
responsible citizens who can contribute to the economic development of the
nation;
Collect and preserve cultural, scientific and technological materials of the
nation;
Conduct basic and applied research on primates, origin of mankind and
botanical plants; and
Identify, protect and maintain sites and monuments of prehistoric, cultural
sites and those of historic importance as required by the antiquities and
monuments act.
Probation Department
Review of 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
The Department proposed four projects namely the Divisional offices at Winam,
Maseno, Muhoroni and Nyando. None of these were implemented due to lack of
funding.
106
I
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To carry out rehabilitation activities for criminal offenders serving
probation terms and inmates released from penal institutions e.g.
Borstal institution and prisons.
Target: To create economic activities for the young offenders within their
communities like carpentry works, farming etc.
Objective: To strive towards the prevention of crime in conjunction with other
criminal justice administration agencies.
Target: To use the youth groups, women groups, church leaders and general
public to educate the offenders in order to reduce crime rate by the
end of the plan period.
107
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Probation Department
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Resettlement 1 Construction of a complex within which ex­
Vocational Centre borstal inmates and long-term prisoners
Winam Division may learn vocational trades.
Justification: These services ensure that
the ex-inmates settle back into the
community.
Funding Source: GOK
Probation District 2 Construction of office complex to
Headquarters accommodate the department.
Winam Division
Justification: Presently, offices are rented
on Barclays Bank Building for which the
Government spends about Ksh.400,000
annually. This building will save the
Government money and provide office
space.
Funding Source: GOK
Divisional Probation 3 Construction of office complex to
Office accommodate the divisional Headquarters
Maseno Division staff.
Justification: Presently offices are in an old
court store-room. This lacks privacy that
is required for’effective guidance and
counselling of clients.
Funding Source: GOK
l
108
Divisional Probation 4 Construction of office complex to
Office and Staff accommodate headquarters office and staff
Quarters quarters.
Nyando Division
Justification: Officers commute from
Kisumu and incur unnecessary expenditure.
Funding Source: GOK
Divisional Probation 5 Construction of office complex to
Office and Staff accommodate divisional officers.
houses
Muhoroni Division Justification: Officers commute from
Kisumu and incur heavy expenses.
Funding source: GOK
Provision of a Vehicle 6 To purchase 4WD vehicles.
District Headquarters
Justification: The department has only
one Suzuki Sierra which serves the
entire district and province incurring
heavy maintenance costs due to wear
and tear. Each division needs a vehicle
to ease demand on the only one.
Funding Source: GOK
109
Children's Department
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Expansion of Kisumu 1 Construction of one recreational hall, 2
Juvenile Remand Home dormitories, water sewage system, 5
Kisumu pit latrines and. a perimeter fence.
Winam Division
Justification: There is congestion in the
available facilities. The sewage and
water system is in-adequate.
Funding Source: GOK
Children in Especially 2 Holding of seminars, participation in
Difficult Circumstances public activities e.g. Day of the African
(C.E.D.C) Programme Child and Universal Children's Day,
District-wide public barazas, posters and brochures.
Justification: To reduce the number of
Child abuse cases in Kisumu. As many
people as possible should know their
plight and understand their rights.
Funding Source: GOK/UNICEF
Rescue Centre 3 Establish a Rescue Centre in Kisumu
Winam Division Town.
Justification: The centre will serve as a
reception and filtering centre in a bid to
rehabilitate and reduce street children
in Kisumu.
Funding Source: GOK/UNICEF
110
Children's Office 4 Enhancement and Improvement of District
Muhoroni Children Offices.
Kadibo Divisions
Justification: It is evident from the
workload that one Children's Officer is not
efficient. A vehicle is also necessary to
facilitate official duties and supervision of
cases.
Funding Source: GOK
111
Prisons Department
Review of 1994 - 96 Plan Period
During the period, the sewage system was repaired. Submersible pumps were
repaired and this facilitated the pumping of waste into lagoons. Prison dispensary
category E staff houses and posho mill were also constructed.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objectives: Provide medical care to prison inmates, staff and community in the
surrounding. Reduce transport costs and enhance security for
dangerous criminals undergoing treatment.
Targets: Complete dispensary under construction by plastering and providing
final fittings. Construct two category "F" houses for medical staff.
Objectives: To enhance efficiency of the prison staff
Targets: Provide three category "F" houses for staff. Provide rooms for those
sharing residential houses.
Objectives: Provide ready and reliable supply of water to the prison staff and
inmates. Increase the supply rate.
Targets: Replace small pipes by a bigger one to supply water to the prison.
Objectives: Provide a clean environment at the prison.
Targets: Provide a serviceable sewage system for the prison.
Objectives: Provide housing and offices for extra mural penal employment
scheme.
Targets: Provide one office and two category "F" houses at Muhoroni and
Nyando Divisions.
Objective: Increase horticultural production. Provide skill for prison inmates for
a more productive life after release.
Targets: To establish an irrigation scheme using water from Kibos River.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Prisons Department
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Dispensary Complete dispensary under construction
Kibos Main Prison by plastering, furnishing and wiring to be
Miwani Division used by inmates, members of staff and
community surrounding.
Funding Source: GOK
2. Category "E" Staff Houses Complete two grade 8 houses by wiring
Kibos Main Prison and final fittings to be used by prison
Miwani Division staff.
Funding Source: GOK
3. Posho Mill Complete posho mill house by providing
Kibos Main Prison electricity to run the available motor.
Miwani Division
Funding Source: GOK
4. Sewage system Completed the blocked sewage system
Kibos Main Prison overhaul by cleaning and repair of
Miwani Division submersible pump and lagoons. To
extend the sewerage system.
Funding Source: GOK
113
New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/division Ranking
Irrigation System 1 Irrigation system for horticultural
Kibos Main Prison production.
Miwani Division
Justification: Provision of reliable water for
horticultural farm production. Currently,
production is low due to unreliable rainfall.
Funding Source: GOK
Category "F" 2 Construction of staff houses.
Housing Scheme
Kibos Main Prison Justification: Provide three category "F"
Miwani Division houses for staff to ease congestion for
prison officers.
Funding Source: GOK
Transport Facility 3 Provide convenient vehicle to assist in
Kibos Main Prison marketing farm produce and other services
Miwani Division for the prison.
Funding Source: GOK
114
National Museums of Kenya
Review of 1994 - 96 Plan Period
The museum improved the artifacts displays by construction of additional crocodile
ponds and installation of three phases electricity supply. Two pit toilets were built,
the floor in the exhibition gallery was repaired and a bird cage exhibition gallery
built.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To protect the prehistoric and archaeological sites in the region.
To educate and create public awareness about the museums activities
through education programmes.
To collect, preserve the cultural and pre-history material for the future
generations.
Target: Ensure that all the pre-historic/cultural sites are gazetted and fenced.
Public awareness by increasing the invitations of schools, colleges,
women groups visiting the museum.
Approach firms and hotels to collect cultural materials.
115
€CT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITII S
V< x* ra* Museums of Kenya
< \ew Project Proposals
: Materia!
~rc:r i S:
Ending Scu'ce. 2-T ■>. jd-of
Extension :* S‘-a<e 5~e. e r.= -. *: ncunft
House e'•' io-;?s~ o' s~ =■. eis ~ se■ *s~b
Kisumu Town C<: *0S 0 ' ' 0 "iZ
Winam Division
> ~0 £ ?t‘B0r ~iO’f T31FSS
to ■xjsejT sno it increase me
\a-»e*x o' evnibirs
Funding Sou-pe V. A.S ^Rehmsr Khan
116
Aquacultural Project 5 Construction of fish ponds
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: For research, restocking
of the endangered species.
Funding Source: NMK/SSP (Survival
Species Programme)
Poultry Programme 6 Sale of eggs/chicken
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: To improve the quality of
poultry and improve farmers source of
revenue.
Funding Source: GOK
CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICES
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The policy objectives of this sector are to:
Mobilize local communities for self reliance in basic needs and involvement
in development processes;
Train rural population on balanced diet to reduce malnutrition and improve
the life expectancy of children through the family life training programme;
Promote the preservation and role of culture through visual arts, performing
arts, oral traditions, popularization of Kiswahili, and other national languages
for national identity and pride;
Establish and encourage cultural cooperation with friendly countries, for
greater international understanding;
Intensify adult education to eradicate illiteracy;
Provide reading materials in the districts through national library services;
Improve sports facilities in the form of national and district stadia, and other
facilities that can promote and improve sporting talents in the country;
Encourage sports' talents from the grassroots by strengthening the districts
sports administration;
Identify, train, rehabilitate and resettle disabled persons for self-reliance; and
Promote and raise the status of women through programmes focused on
involving women groups in income-generating activities and in decision
making at all levels.
Social Services Department
Review of 1994 - 1996 Pian Period
The department had planned to create awareness on Child Survival and
Development messages to the communities all over the district through organized
seminars but never took off.
The department planned to hold 50 workshops to create awareness on the gender
disparity affecting females, train women in business management skills, give credit
to women through women groups for income generation but this was not
implemented due to lack of funds.
The department plans to uplift projects management development and the welfare
of the community in general. This also failed to take off due to lack of funding.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To mobilize local communities for self-reliance in basic needs and
involvement in development planning process.
Target: Promote and raise the status of women through income generating
programmes focused on women groups, income generating activities
and other self help groups, and the handicapped.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Staff Houses at Ahero 1 Construction of a three two bed-
Family Life Training roomed house to accommodate the
Centre (F.L.T.C.) supervisor/assistants.
Nyando Division
Justification: Supervisors needs to stay
■ * / ' 1 within the centre to attend to
emergency cases.
Funding Source: GOK
Nursery Unit 2 Construction of a nursery unit within
Ahero F.L.T.C. Ahero Family Life Training Centre.
Nyando Division
Justification: Some children of nursery
age are usually admitted in the centre
and there is therefore need for them to
continue with their education while
undergoing nutritional rehabilitation.
Funding Source: GOK
Cottages 3 Construction of additional eight
Ahero F.L.T.C. cottages within Ahero Family Life
Nyando Division Training Centre.
Justification: According to the standard
plan for Family Life Training Centre,
each centre should have 16 cottages.
There are only 8 cottages in Ahero.
Funding Source: GOK
Divisional Offices 4 Construction of eight divisional
District-Wide headquarters offices.
Justification: The shared offices are
over crowded and not conducive to
social work.
Funding Source: GOK
Vehicle for District 5 Purchase of a vehicle.
Headquarters
Kisumu Justification: The Department has an
old short wheel base landrover which
breaks down frequently. The landrover
needs immediate replacement as it is
very expensive to operate.
Funding Source: GOK
Department of Culture
Review of 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
Cultural groups were formed and registered throughout the district. These included
fine artists, music artists, drama artists and herbalists. Many of them were helped
to develop their talents through exhibitions and shows.
Festivals were held in the region right from divisional levels. Under the Kenya
Music and Cultural Festivals local performing artists converged to display their
talents to hold competitions.
Several fine art exhibitions were held especially in Kisumu Town.
122
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of activities
Division/ Ranking
Location
Kisumu Cultural 1 To provide a centre where artists can operate
Centre from. It will include: An art gallery
Winam Division seminar/conference hall and administration
of•fices.
Justification: These facilities are necessary to
encourage local artists to improve their skills.
Funding Source: GOK
Seminars and 2 Organize seminars and workshops for artists
Workshops to help them improve their talents.
District-Wide
Justification: To improve artists' talents in
Marketing , and to create awareness on
positive cultural issues for Development
purposes
Funding Source: GOK
Cultural Research 3 To undertake qualitative research in order to
Programme evaluate people's attitudes on present
District-Wide development issues.
Justification: To understand people's culture
and be well placed to plan for their needs.
Funding Source: GOK
Cultural Festivals 3 Hold festivals in all cultural traditional arts.
District-Wide
> ■ - * k Ik./* ' • Justification: To promote socio-cultural
development in the district.
Funding Source: GOK
123
Department of Sports
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To establish effective management and administrate
competitional and recreational sporting activities for the ° °f
associations and club, including the disabled. Youth,
Target: To develop stadia, social halls and gymnasiums for various games
provision of sports kits to sportsmen and technical knowledge to
officials and sportsmen through seminars and workshops and promote
a positive international image and social cooperation and togetherness
amongst the people of Kenya and other countries.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Offices at District Hqs 1 Construction of office block.
Winam Division
Justification: The department of sports
has no offices. This has made the
conditions of working very difficult as
the officers share one very congested
office and therefore it becomes difficult
to handle confidential matters of the
department.
Funding Source: GOK
Stadium Development 2 Acquisition of 12 acres of land for the
Winam Division construction of modern stadia with
hostels and staff quarters.
Justification: Kisumu Town being the
third biggest town in Kenya, has
attracted an influx of many people.
There is need for a modern facility to
meet regional requirements for sporting
activities.
Funding Source: GOK
•>
Uniforms for Sportsmen 3 The district is supposed to have
District-Wide uniforms for sportsmen when taking
part in any sports competitions.
Justification: To encourage local
sportsmen to participate in competitive
sports.
Funding Source: GOK
125
Review of the 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
• U nrnvide adult 
The department continued to P te
eadcuhceartiso nc ionn atilnl tuheed  ceton trtersa idni sttrhibrouutegdh
in the district. Many the adu|t education teachers examination.
correspondence coursescommunity mobilization through public education.
There was continuous c
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Promote integrated education through income generating group
Objectives:
initiated by the local adults classes.
Raise incomes for the adult class members.
Target:
Train group and local leaders on community mobilization and
Objectives:
management of group activities.
Train all adult class members and chiefs on community management
Target:
and mobilization.
Strengthen the capacity of adult education teachers in Adult teaching
Objective:
methods.
Carry out effective and regular supervision and evaluation of adult
Target:
education activities.
Tn ensure the participation of the people in the Adult Education and
Objective: literacy Programme" and to ensure that literacy rates and
development awareness is rising.
126
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
A: On-going Project
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Adult Education Teaching and Providing basic literacy skills and adult
Facilitation education to the adults in the whole
District-wide district.
Funding Source: GOK
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Offices 1 Construction of offices
Winam Division
T| • , • . •. ; r 1 , ■- Justification: The officers and staff
have no adequate rooms at the district
level.
Funding Source: GOK
Offices at Divisional 2 Construction of blocks to accommodate
Headquarters divisional officers and staff.
District-wide
Justification: The divisions have no
offices and conducive working rooms
Funding Source: GOK
127
Revolving Loan Scheme Provide revolving loans to the adult
Income Generating classes income generating groups.
Activities
District-wide Justification To make adult eduction
functional and economic oriented to
uplift living standards of the
community.
Funding Source: GOK
Training Programme 4 Train group leaders and adult education
District-wide teachers.
Justification: To uplift Adult Education,
teaching, community projects,
leadership and management.
Funding Source: GOK/UNICEF
Seminars 5 Organize workshops and seminars to
District-wide create awareness on importance of
literacy in development.
Justification: These will serve as
appropriate means towards community
mobilization.
Funding Source: GOK/NGO
Teaching/Learning 6 Purchase of learning/teaching materials
Materials
District-wide Justification: There is need for enough
learning and teaching materials for both
teachers and learners in all the centres,
for effective and continuous eduction.
Funding Source: GOK/NGO
128
Vehicles and Motor 7 Purchase of vehicles and motor cycles
Cycles for all divisions.
District Headquarters
All Divisions Justification: The vehicles will be used
by the officers to supervise all adult
education activities centres and
management of the programme.
To improve projects coordination,
implementation and monitoring in the
whole district.
Funding Source: GOK/NGO
129
research, technical training and technology
Sectoral Policv_Qbjectjyes
The objectives of the sector are to.
tah V -e«ct othneom ' Jicu ag rKoawlit' hs eacntdo rt escoh tnhoalot gthiceayl  cparong mreasxsi moifz teh itsh ecior ucnotnrytr;ibution to
Provide business management and vocational skills training to the artisans
toimprove their businesses. Collect and disseminate relevant market
information to artisans and advise on production of goods and services;
Provide suitable working’ places (Nyayo Sheds) to the needy artisans
P ovide increased training opportunities for the increased number of school
leavers to enable them to be self-supporting. Develop practical ski Is and
attitudes which will lead to income generating activities in the rural areas
through self-employment;
Encourage self-employment while at the same time Producing skilled
artisans craftsmen, technicians and technologists for both the formal and
informal sectors;
Equip training institutions with tools, machinery and equipment that can
match latest technological development in the Kenyan industry; and
Impart technical skills to the youth for self reliance.
Review of 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
The sector registered 21 Jua-Kali Associations in the district and planned to
construct ten more youth polytechnics and to improve the level of the existing
youth polytechnics, but this did not materialize due to lack of funds.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To enrol more members in Jua-kali associations to enable them
compete for group loaning from the NGO's.
Target: To enrol more than 3000 panel beaters, 2500 mechanics 3000
tinsmiths and 3000 appropriate technology artisans by the year 2001.
Objective: Impart technical skills to the youth.
Target: Enrol more students in the existing polytechnics.
130
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
g; New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location Ranking
Jua Kali Sheds for Kibuye 1 Putting up of sheds
Jua Kali Association
South Kolwa Location Justification: The construction of
Winam Division these facilities will improve the
working condition of the Jua Kali
artisans
Funding Source: World Bank
Jua Kali Sheds for Kisumu 2 Putting up of sheds
Centre Jua Kali Association
Winam Division Justification: The construction of
these facilities will improve the
working condition of the Jua Kali
artisans..
Funding Source: World Bank
Jua Kali Sheds for Atela 3 Putting up of sheds
Sondu Jua Kali Association
South Nyakach Location Justification: The construction of
Upper Nyakach Division these sheds will improve the
present ones which do not have
enough rooms for artisans.
Funding Source: Harambee/GOK
Power installation at Akado 4 Power installation
Youth Polytechnic
Central Kolwa Location Justification: The installation of this
W|nam Division facility will improve the present
status of teaching in practical lines
in both electrical and metal work
sections.
Funding Source: Harambee/GOK
131
Power installation at 5 Power installation
Nyangoma Youth Polytechnic
Nyangoma Location Justification: The installation of this
Miwani Division facility will improve the present
status of teaching in practical line
in both electrical and metal work
sections.
Funding Source: Harambee/GOK
Workshop Karateng' Youth 6 Workshop construction
Polytechnic
N.W. Kisumu Location Justification: The construction of
Miwani Division this facility will create more rooms
for other trades which have no
workshops.
Funding Source:
Harambee/NGO/GOK
132
TOURISM AND WILDLIFE
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The main objectives of the sector are to:
Stimulate tourism as a means of encouraging local employment and source
of foreign exchange by promoting and developing tourists attractions;
Develop and manage wildlife through various conservation measures and
management;
Promote wildlife development and protect the environment;
Develop fish farming including trout farm development and fresh water fish
development;
Preserve breeding and nursery grounds followed by massive restocking of
fish in depleted zones and fish bio-diversity conservation in general;
Develop dam and riverine fisheries;
Train fish farmers and other dealers in fishing operations, management and
other related issues; and
Develop fisheries through stocking of rivers with sport fishes and modern
fishing grounds to required standards.
133
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Fisheries Department
On-going Project
Description of Activities
Project Name
Location/Division
1. Usoma Fish Reception Centre Plastering and installation of fixtures as
(fish banda) construction work is complete.
Kisumu Municipality
Winam Division Funding Source: GOK
New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division_________ Ranking
Control of Water 1 Purchase of a motorized boat and othernecessary implements to control water
Hyacinth hyacinth.
Lake Victoria
Kisumu Shoreline Justification: Water hyacinth poses a
great danger to the fishing industry and
hence its imperative that its
proliferation is effectively controlled.
Funding Source^ GOK
Construction of cold storage and fish
Nyakach Cold Storage 2
and Fish Processing Plant processing facilities.
Upper Nyakach Division Justification: These facilities will help
Sango Rota Beach the fishermen derive maximum returns
by exploiting the export markets .
Funding Source: GOK
134
Paga Cold Storage 3 Construction of cold storage facilities
S.W. Kisumu Location for fish preservation.
Winam Division
Justification: It will provide cold
storage facilities to preserve fish quality
to prevent post harvest losses due to
perishability. This will also give the
fishermen better bargaining power for
prices commensurate with their efforts.
Funding Source: GOK
Nyamarwaka Cold 4 Construction of cold storage facilities.
Storage
Maseno Division Justification: It will help fishermen
within the neighbourhood preserve the
quality of fish and bargain for prices
commensurate with their effort.
Funding Source: GOK
Dry/Processed Fish Store 5 Construction of a store
Winam Division
Justification: Make available storage
facility at Kisian for the deep-fried fish
carcasses left after fillers have been
removed at the processing factories.
The project will assist in storage of
these fish products pending distribution
to various market outlets.
Funding Source: GOK
Revival of Fishermen Co- 6 Revive collapsed fishermen co­
operative Society operative societies
District-Wide
Justification: These societies being the
common bodies assisting fishermen
pool their resources together to help
the Government develop the fishing
industry, should be revitalized to ensure
their stated objectives are realized.
Funding Source: GOK
135
Processed Fish Store Construction of a store.
Muhoroni Division
Justification: To facilitate central
collection of dry processed fish to allow
local community cheap access to
supplementary animal protein.
Funding Source: GOK
Nduru Fish Reception 8 Construction of fish reception centre to
Centre (fish banda) provide sanitary facilities for hygienic
Kawino Location fish handling intended to preserve and
Kadibo Division enhance fish quality.
Justification: Strategic - high potential
fish landing and marketing point. This
will help alleviate outbreak of
communicable diseases.
Funding Source: GOK
Nyamware Fish Banda 9 Construction of fish reception centre to
Kadibo Division provide sanitary facilities for fish
handling intended to preserve and
enhance quality.
Justification: This is a high potential fish
landing and marketing point. This will
help alleviate outbreak of communicable
diseases like cholera.
Funding Source: GOK
Demonstration Fish 10 Construction of well-managed sizeable
Ponds fish ponds of commercial scale to serve
Lower Nyakach Muhoroni as demonstration centres to teach the
and Miwani Divisions local community the techniques of fish
farming.
Justification: The projects will help
supplement fish production to meet the
ever increasing demand. Besides this,
the projects will provide selected seed
fish (fingerlings) for farmers.
Funding Source: GOK
Departmental Fish Ponds 11 Rehabilitation of a series of fish ponds
Winam Division situated within the departments
Kisumu Municipality compound .
Winam Division
Justification: The project will resume its
role to serve as a demonstration centre
for visiting educational institutions. This
will enhance the promotion of fish
farming as a potential commercial
venture.
Funding Source: GOK
Tako Fish Landing 12 Construction of a channel into the lake.
Channel
Winam Division Justification: The channel would harness
the flood and swamp water and help
drain the beach area hence improve
accessibility.
Funding Source: GOK
137
Rehabilitation of Dunga 13 To rehabilitate the dilapidated jetty.
Jetty
S.W. Kolwa Location Justification: The project will facilitate
Winam Division safe anchorage of fishing boats as the
ground level at the beach is higher than
the water level hence in the absence of a
jetty the boats hit the rocky beach edges
which is not only dangerous to the life
span of boats but also the fishermen
themselves.
Funding Source: GOK
Office Block 14 Construction of office blocks to provide
Nyando Division office accommodation.
Nyakach Division
Maseno Division Justification: These will provide office
space as there is none currently.
Funding Source: GOK
Staff Quarter 15 Construction of residential building for
Asat Beach occupation by fisheries staff at Asat
Maseno Division Beach.
Justification: The beach is a high
potential fish landing centre situated in a
remote location far from any habitable
rental residential houses.
Funding Source: GOK
Staff Quarters 16 Construction of residential building at
Winam Division Ogal beach for occupation by fisheries
staff.
Justification: The beach is a high
potential fish landing centre situated in a
remote location far from any habitable
rental residential houses.
Funding Source: GOK
138
Staff Quarters 17 Construction of residential building at
Maseno Division Kagwel beach.
Justification: The beach is a high
potential fish landing centre situated in a
remote location far from any habitable
rental residential houses.
Funding Source: GOK
Landing Beaches Toilet 18 Construction of pit latrines in all existing
Facilities beaches.
District-Wide
Justification: The project will help
alleviate the contamination of water in
the lake by human faeces.
Funding Source: GOK
Kenya Wildlife Service
B: New Project Proposal
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Kenya Wildlife Service 1 Building of two classrooms (one) at
Community Wildlife Alungo Secondary School and (one) at
Project Jonyo Primary School.
South West Seme
Location, Alungo South Justification: To buy goodwill of the
sub-location community living adjacent to Ndere
Maseno Division Island National Park.
Funding Source: KWS
139
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The objectives of this sector are to:-
Encourage dispersal, growth and development of large, medium and small
scale industries and businesses;
Stimulate the growth of and promote the quality of domestic products to
meet both the requirements of consumers in the country for exports;
Promote effective competition in the distribution sector with a view to
increasing its efficiency and ensuring availability of essential commodities-
Increase viable employment opportunities in both the industrial and
commercial sectors;
Provide appropriate and effective extension services to both the industrial
and commercial sectors;
Promote fair trade and protect consumers' interests through standards,
weights and measures; and
Protect consumers from trade malpractices such as fraudulent manipulation
of weighing and measuring equipment, ensure correct descriptions of goods
and services as well as curbing misleading statements as to the price of
goods.
Review of the 1994 - 1996 Plan Period
The sector organised one course for 30 traders during the period under review.
140
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
A: On-going Project
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Kisumu Municipality Trade Provide loans to industrialists, artisan and
Dev. Joint Loans Board businessmen within Municipality and
Kisumu District.
Funding Source: GOK
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Extension Services 1 Visiting traders and loanees to give
District-Wide them guidance on their business
operations.
Justification: Traders given loans and
those trained are visited to assess their
success in business operations.
Funding Source: GOK
Training 2 To organise and conduct two non
District-Wide residential courses per year
Justification: To improve the traders
management skills which will enable
them operate their businesses.
Funding Source: GOK
141
IJ JI,
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCE
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The objectives of this sector are to:
Provide an appropriate forum for exchange of environmental information as
well as to discuss national trends and key issues in the Integration of
Environment consideration in the development process;
Assess and evaluate the impact of development activities on the
environment;
Promote inter-disciplinary and integration ot sustainable policies, programmes
and projects;
Sustain watershed management and environmental amelioration through
silvicultural sound forest management of natural and industrial forest
component;
Reclamate and regenerate of forest cover in arid and semi-arid lands, through
appropriate techniques;
Intensify mineral resource development though decentralization and careful
exploration and exploitation of mineral resources while caring for the
environment; and
Coordinate environment impact assessment on all programmes/projects in
order to integrate environmental considerations in their appraisal and actual
implementation.
Review of the 1994 - 96 Plan Period
During the period being reviewed, factories were inspected and samples collected
for chemical analysis while at the same time providing advice on environmental •
management.
The department also started documenting information on environment in
collaboration with the DIDC and a computer was acquired for this exercise. The
department staff visited, assessed local beaches and mede recommendations for
implementation of integrated sanitation and Environment Management of the land
beaches. The areas addressed were safe drinking water, water hyacinth, weak and
disorganised groups.
142
Wetlands in the 8 divisions were visited and information gathered and compiled,
environmental education was conducted over the period
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: Facilitate beach communities to improve sanitation and environment
of beach landing centres.
Targets: Increase the number latrines, undertake soil and water conservation.
Control water hyacinth infestation, start a tree nursery and improve
the quality of drinking water at Asat and Sango Rota beaches.
Objective: Strengthening environmental impactassessmentactivities particularly
for industry.
Targets: Assess the environment status in all the industries in Kisumu Town
and the sugar belt. Undertake impact assessments studies.
Objective: Strengthen the role of various organizations and community groups
in the management of solid waste in Kisumu town.
Targets: Document solid waste management activities of organizations in the
town e.g. paper collectors, Pandpieri Plastic recycling waste paper
buyers Kisumu Municipality, and develop an action plan. Implement
action plan proposals.
Objective: Facilitate sustainable utilization of wetlands through development of
community needs oriented projects.
Targets: Undertake programmes for economic utilization of wetlands products
for handcraft industry of Wasare area, Nyakach Division. Develop fish
farming in Ombeyi Wetlands in Miwani. Rehabilitate Orinde Spring
Karateng.
Objective: Promote community education on conservation of the environment..
Targets: Conserve Kisian Hills and the slopes of Nyabondo Plateau, Nyakach.
143
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Sanitation and 1 Increase the number of latrines,
Environment establishment of tree nurseries,
Management of Asat, control of water hyacinth, water
Sango Rota Beaches treatment systems and strengthening
beach groups organizations.
Justification: Poor sanitation and
environment mismanagement makes
the beaches disease prone.
Funding Source: GOK
Pollution Control 2 Evaluate status of environment in the
Improvement industries through participation,
Winam, Muhoroni formulation of policy and follow-up
Divisions
Justification: Reduce pollution.
Funding Source: GOK
Sustainable Utilization of 3 Improvement handicraft production
Wetlands Resources skills, develop alternative ways of
Wasare using wetlands conduct and EIA
Nyakach Division studies for major wetlands
Justification: Wetland has abundant
resources not adequately utilized.
Funding Source: GOK
144
Environment Impact 4 Implementations policy action and
Assessment Studies provide implementations feedbacks.
industries and proposed Carry out EIA studies on all current
ones . and proposed fishing industries.
District-Wide
Justification: Institute pollution
control measures for established
industries.
Funding Source: GOK
Solid Waste Management 5 Assess status of solid waste
Kisumu Town generation & management
Winam Division
Justification: Many organizations are
involved in waste management in the
town.
Funding Source: GOK
Environmental 6 Establishing school working groups to
Education solve environmental problems.
Kisian Hills
Nyabondo Plateau, Justification: Pupils can have an impact
Nyakach on afforestation if well mobilized.
Funding Source: GOK
145
Forest Department
Review of 1934 - 1996 Plan Period
Durina the plan period 1994- 1996, 166 tree nurseries were established by the
Forest Department, chiefs, schools and colleges, women groups and industrial
enterprise .
District Specific Objectives and Targets
ObJj ectives- oPfr opliofelersa,t iotinm obef rf,a rfmuesl wwoooodd loantsd  afnodd doenr- ffaorrm d noumressetriice sn feoerd psr oadnudc tsioalne
and also'for improvement of agricultural and livestock yields.
Taraet- Development of industrial plantations in the areas already proposed by
initially having them gazetted, for provision of fuelwood, poles and
timber.
Objective* Hill top and water catchment afforestation as means of arresting soil
erosion and ecological deterioration hence reducing the impact of river
Nyando floods.
Taraet: Sensitizing the community on environment concerns about
deforestation, soil erosion etc. Increasing public awareness through
extension and ensuring that gender issues are given the due
consideration.
146
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Forest Department
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Location/Division Description of Activities
1. Jime Women Tree Nursery Expansion of the tree nursery and
Lower Nyakach Division seedling production.
Funding Source: Harambee
2. Kokech Development Group Tree Expansion of the tree nursery and
Nursery seedling production.
Lower Nyakach Division
Funding Source: GOK
3. Kochiel Gulley Rehabilitation Tree planting in the catchment area
Lower Nyakach Division
Funding Source: GOK
4. Bolo and Kabongo Women Groups Expansion of tree nursery and
Tree Nurseries seedling production.
Upper Nyakach Division
Funding Source: Harambee
5. Eudaco Women Group Tree Nursery Expansion of tree nursery and
Winam Division seedling production.
Funding Source: Harambee
147
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location Ranking
Nyando River Flood 1 To plant trees along the
Control/Afforestation* embarkment/dykes on both sides of
Project River Nyando with main objectives of
Muhoroni and Nyando stabilizing the embarkment and
Divisions. conservation of the environment.
Justification: Control of River Nyando
floods which affect the community
within Kano plains.
Funding Source: GOK
Afforestation Programme 2 Identify and afforest hilltops .
District-wide
Justification: To improve the
catchment areas to curb erosion and
conserve water resources.
Funding Source: GOK
Staff Housing Project 3 To construct 5 offices and 5 houses
Kadibo, Nyando, Miwani, one in each division to accommodate
Muhoroni, Lower the divisional foresters.
Nyakach Divisions
Justification: None of the divisional
staff have offices to effectively run
the divisions.
Funding Source: GOK
Revival of DDC and 4 To establish DDC and Chiefs nurseries
Chiefs Tree Nurseries upto the sublocational level.
District-Wide
Justification: To bring tree seedling
nearer to the Mwananchi.
Funding Source: GOK
148
Establishment of Kadibo 5 Establish and manage divisional tree
and Miwani Divisions nurseries at Miwani and Kadibo
Tree Nurseries respectively.
Kadibo and Masogo
Justification: These are new divisions
with no central tree nurseries to cater
for the local populations.
Funding Source: GOK
149
HEALTH
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The overall policy objective of the Ministry is to direct it's financial and other
resources to those projects and programmes that will lead to the achievement of
the Government's long term goal of providing health services within easy reach of
all Kenyans with emphasis on preventive, promotive and rehabilitative services
while not ignoring curative services.
The Ministry is also determined to promote and improve health status of all
Kenyans through the deliberate restructuring of the health sector to make all health
services more effective, accessible and affordable.
Other objectives are to increase coverage and accessibility of health services with
active community participation; intensify activities aimed at control, prevention and
eradication of disease; provide adequate and effective diagnostic, therapeutic and
rehabilitative services countrywide and to promote and develop cost-effective
research aimed at promotion and protection of people's health.
Review of the 1994-1996 Plan Period
In the plan period 1994-1996 the department planned construction work in 1
hospital, 1 Medical Training Centre, 1 health centre and 9 dispensaries. Due to
lack of funding, these activities never took place.
The department planned and completed the following projects:-
Installation of X-ray machines at Pap Onditi and .Chulaimbo Health Centres in Lower
Nyakach and Maseno Divisions respectively.
Wiring for Sigoti Health Centre block in Upper Nyakach Division
Reduction of infant mortality rate from 92/1000 to 90/1000 live births.
Reduction of major out patient diseases from 38% to 30%.
Kandege, Nduru, Kodero, Obumba and Anto Langi Dispensaries were completed
over the period.
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District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: To strengthen Primary Health Care activities.
Target: To improve on the quality of Primary Health Care activities especially
water and sanitation, health information systems, dental care,
nutrition, MCH/FP, immunization, mental health, control of anaemic
diseases and health education.
PROJECT AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
A: Qn-qoinq Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Division/Location
1. Bonde Dispensary To complete the dispensary block which
Lower Nyakach Division is at foundation level where it stalled
due to freeze of RDF funds.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
2. Katito Dispensary To complete 2 staff houses, drainage
Lower Nyakach Division systems, OPD and provide the facility
with a Land Rover, medical and non
medical equipments & personnel.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
3. Chulaimbo H/C To complete 3 category 'D' staff houses
Maseno Division which are 90% complete.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
4. Nyangande Dispensary To complete the staff house which
Kadibo Division stalled at lintel level when RDF funds
were frozen.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
5. District Health Management To complete office block for DHMT
Team Office Block members.
Winam Division
Funding Source: MOH/Donor/Community
New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location Ranking
Awasi District Hospital 1 To construct OPD, male wards, female
Wangaya Location wards, paediatric ward, laboratory,
Nyando Division pharmacy, X-ray dept, administration
block, theatre, mortuary stores and
provision of equipments and medical
personnel.
Justification: Need to move medical
services closer to the people and reduce
congestion in the Provincial and District
Hospital.
Funding source: GOK/Donor/Community
Kombewa H/C, 2 To upgrade these health centres to sub
Muhoroni, Ahero H/C, district hospitals by constructing x-ray
Pap Onditi H/C and room, theatre, mortuary laundry, and to
Chulaimbo provide medical equipments, staff
vehicles in each facility.
Justification: The H/C's serves big
populations and are over utilized.
Improve on medical care provided to the
communities.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Katito Dispensary 3 To upgrade these dispensaries to health
Lower Nyakach, centre status and equip them with the
Miranga Dispensary necessary facilities.
Upper Maseno,
Manynand Dispensary Justification: To improve on quality of
Lower Maseno, Rabuor medical care and move the services
Dispensary Kadibo closer to the people.
Division
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Kisumu District 4 To construct mortuary, theatre and
Hospital rehabilitate the kitchen.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: To improve on quality of
medical care and provide the services
closer to the people.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Kenya Medical Training 5 To construct adrhinistrative/academic
College office block, classrooms for PHTs,
Kisumu Town medical lab. technology, nursing lecture
Winam Division theatre, hostel, dining hall, kitchen,
library and recreation hall.
Justification: To centralize facilities
which currently are scattered in District
Hospital and New Nyanza Provincial
Hospital.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Sunga Dispensary 6 To construct 3 staff houses of category
Sunga Location D and complete outpatient department.
Maseno Division
Justification: There are no medical
facilities nearby.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Siriba Dispensary 7 To construct Dispensary block and install
Maseno Town equipment. To construct 3 staff houses
Maseno Division category D'
Justification: The present dispensary has
been allocated to the university leaving
community without any facility.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
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Ogen Dispensary 8 To construct dispensary block and two
(Kopere) category 'D' staff houses.
Muhoroni Division
Justification: The area lacks such a
facility.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Kawino Langi 9 To construct a dispensary block and
Dispensary Kitmikayi fittings, 3 category 'D' staff houses
Maseno Division
Justification: Community has donated 6
acres of land. The area population has
’increased due to rapid urban development
at Holo market.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Arito Langi Dispensary 10 To complete the fittings of harambee
E.W. Seme Location dispensary block and construct 3
Maseno Division category D staff houses.
Justification: To provide services closer
to people.
Funding Source: MOH/Donor/Community
Pap-Onditi Health 11 Electrification of health centres
Centre dispensaries and staff houses.
Sigoti Health Centre
Upper Nyakach, Justification: To enhance utilization of
Masogo Health Centre facilities.
Miwani Division,
Rabuor Dispensary
Kadibo Division, Sondu
Dispensary Upper
Nyakach, Manywanda
Dispensary Lower
Maseno, Kombewa
Health Centre Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
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Primary Health Care Programme
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities *
Division/Location Ranking
Low Cost Safe 1 Construction of 90 shallow wells, Construction
Water Provision of 158 ferro cement tanks, Protection of 50
District-wide springs,
community mobilization and training and
X Purchase of materials
Justification: Only 55% of the population have
access to safe drinking water.
Funding Source: GOK/Donors/Community
Immunization 2 Immunization of the children.
District-wide
Justification To enhance the health of the
people.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/NGO/Cost sharing
Safe Motherhood 3 Equipping all health centres for safe delivery.
District-wide
Train TBA (Traditional Birth
Attendants);
Purchase equipment and vehicles.
Justification: To promote both mother and
child survival.
Funding Source: NGO/GOK/Donor/Cost
Sharing
Family Planning 4 Train 200 Health Workers on Family Planning,
District-wide increase SDP's from 44-54%; Mobilize
community on family planning; Purchase of
F.P. equipment and supervision and monitoring
Justification: To promote family planning
among the people.
Funding Source: GOK/Donors/NGO's
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Nutrition Project 5 Mobilization of community on nutrition using
District-wide multi-sectoral approach.
Justification: To promote the health status of
the community.
Funding Source: GOK
VIP latrines 6 Community mobilization in latrine construction,
Demonstration build 500 VIP latrines in number.
District-wide
Justification: Only about 78% of the district
population human waste disposal facility.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/Community
Mental Health 7 Supply of drugs to the psychiatric patients and
District-wide supply of equipment
Justification: There is a high increase of
mental illness in the district and there is a need
to start community based mental care.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor/NGO/Cost
sharing
Clinical Laboratory 8 Purchase of reagent and chemical for blood
Services screening for transfusion. Purchase of
District-wide equipment for blood transfusion.
Justification: To enhance clinical test for
blood and other diseases.
Funding Source: GOK/Donors/Costing sharing
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Health Information 9 Update health workers on data management
Systems through workshops. Train and retrain
District-wide Community Health Workers, Traditional Birth
Attendants on simple methods of data
management at the community level. Intensify
data follow-ups on non-responses.
Justification To facilitate accurate provision of
health data.
Funding Source: GOK/Donors/NGOs/Cost
Sharing
Community Based 10 Increase CBR workshops from current 6 to 30.
Rehabilitation (CBR) Initiate 30 income generating activities. Health
District-wide education to integrate disabled persons.
Justification: Improve quality life of the people
with disability and provide equal opportunities
to them.
Funding Source: GOK/NGO/Donors/Community
Health Education 11 Increase Bamako Initiative (Bl) centres from 70
District-wide to 10, facilitate health education through
barazas, organized groups. Commence
continuing education for rural health workers.
Justification: To reduce disease incidence.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
Dental Health 12 Training of health workers, communities, and
District-wide teachers provision of basic dental equipment
provision of dental outreach services
Justification Promote dental health and reduce
dental diseases.
Funding Source: GOK
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Anaemic Diseases 13 Community mobilization and training.
Control of
District-wide Justification: Reduce incidence of these
diseases.
Funding Source: GOK/Donors/Community
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LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The sectoral objectives of the sector are to:-
Promote policies that avoid excessive concentration of population in the
largest cities by promoting vigorous growth of secondary towns and smaller
urban centres;
- Support the provision of catalytic infrastructure such as water supply,
sewerage treatment facilities, roads, market/trading facilities, with the
objective of providing incentives for private investment to take place;
Strengthen managerial and financial capacity of local authorities to formulate
policy, manage authority manpower and resources, and carry out the design,
implementation and management of infrastructure investment, as well as
ensure that adequate funds are made available to complete projects on time;
and
Improve the capacity of local authorities to provide municipal services on a
sustainable basis by broadening utilities and realistic pricing of urban
services.
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project and programme priorities
Kisumu Municipality.
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Kenya Urban Transportation Improve the organizational management,
Project Kisumu Town road rehabilitation and maintenance.
Winam Division
Funding Source: GOK/World Bank
2. Lumumba Health Centre Extension of maternity ward.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division
Funding Source: Kisum,u Municipality
3. Got Nyabondo Administration block, two staff houses
Dispensary and water supply installation.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Funding Source: Kisumu Municipality
4. Nyabongo Dispensary Construction of staff houses and
Kisumu Town installation of water supply.
Winam Division
Funding Source: Kisumu Municipality
5. Obunga Dispensary Completion of the main Dispensary block,
Kisumu Town OPD unit, MCH FP and other
Winam Division administration facilities.
Funding Source: Kisumu Municipality
6. Kisumu Municipal Fencing and construction of caretaker's
Cemetry office and other units.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Funding Source: Kisumu Municipality
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B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Water Supply 1 Expansion of water and sanitational
Kisumu Town infrastructure .
Winam Division
Justification: This will increase the
water supply to meet the demand.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Sewerage System 2 Expansion of the sewerage system
Kisumu Town to link to all areas designated for
Winam Division urbanization.
Justification: The present sewerage
system cannot adequately serve the
designated areas designated for
urbanisation.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
New Mechanical and 3 Equip the mechanical and electrical
Electrical Workshop workshops.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: The existing facility is
obsolete
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Horticultural Wholesale 4 Construction of a new horticultural
Market wholesale market.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: This will support the
development of horticulture in the
district.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
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Bus Park Project 5 Rehabilitation of the old bus park,
Kisumu Town including provision of sanitary
Winam Division facilities
Justification: The present facility is
in bad state.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Municipal Market 6 Rehabilitation and refurbishment of
Kisumu Town the existing market in Kisumu
Winam Division Town.
Justification: The market has been
worn down by wear and tear.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Parking Depot 7 Construction of lorry/trailer parking
Kisumu Town depot in Kisumu Town.
Winam Division
Justification: To contain the spill of
trailers on-street parking lots and
road verges.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
New Fire Station 8 Construction and equipping of a
Kisumu Town new fire station.
Winam Division
Justification: To increase the fire
fighting capacity to cope with the
anticipated urbanization and
industrialization.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
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Parks Development 9 Development of parks, play grounds
Kisumu Town and green areas
Winam Division
Justification: This will provide
recreational facilities for the
residents.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
On-street Parking Meters 10 Installation of parking meters
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: Enhance collection of
revenue of the municipality.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Off-Street Parking Facility 11 Setting aside of land for off-street
Kisumu Town parking in Kisumu Town.
Winam Division
Justification: This will provide
addition parking for vehicle.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Town Hall Extension 12 Construction of a town hall annex.
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: To provide additional
office space.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Modern Telephone Exchange 13 Installation of a new telephone
Kisumu Town exchange.
Winam Division
Justification: The existing capacity
is inadequate.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
1A4
Street Lighting 14 Construction of additional street
Kisumu Town lights are without the street light.
Winam Division
Justification: To provide security.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Bar Ogwal Dispensary 15 Construction of a dispensary
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: The area has high
population with no nearby health
facility
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Chiga Dispensary 16 Upgrading the existing facility to
Kisumu Town fully fledged health centre.
Winam Division
Justification: The health facility will
provide better health services in the
municipality.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Ojolla Dispensary 17 Ugrading the existing facility to fully
Kisumu Town health centre.
Winam Division
Justification: The health facility will
offer better health services.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Tiengere Dispensary 18 Construction of a dispensary
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: The-area has a high
population but there is no nearby
health facility.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Wathorego Dispensary 19 Construction of a dispensary
Kisumu Town
Winam Division Justification: The area has high
population but there is no health
facility nearby.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Airport Dispensary 20 Construction and development of a
Kisumu Town new dispensary type 'D1'.
Justification: The facility will
provide health service to staff and
passengers at the airport.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
Garbage Dumping Site 21 Identification of a new dumping site
Kisumu Town and procurement of a garbage
dumping lorries.
Justification: This will ensure that
the town is clean.
Funding Source: Kisumu
Municipality
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Kisumu County Council
B; New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location Ranking
Sugar Belt Feeder Roads 1 Construction of murram feeder roads.
Miwani and Muhoroni
Divisions Justification: This will improve the
roads in the sugarcane growing areas.
Funding Source: Council
Market Sheds 2 Construction of market sheds.
Atela, Awasi Paw
Akuche, Katito Justification: The market sheds will
improve the commercial business
transaction in major markets in the
district and will generate funds to the
council.
Funding Source: Kisumu County
Council
Slaughter House 3 Construction of medium slaughter
Ahero, Atela, Maseno houses in the identified areas.
and Paw Akuche
Justification: This will provide
slaughter facilities and generate
revenue to the council.
Funding Source: Kisumu County
Council
Tree and Fruit Nurseries 4 Establishment of tree planting
Nyakach, Nyando, nurseries.
Muhoroni, and Winam
Divisions Justification: The project will support
government efforts in afforestation and
will also be a sure source of revenue to
the council.
Funding Source: Kisumu County
Council
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Women Groups 5 Assisting Women Groups to undertake
District-Wide development projects.
Justification: The success of the
projects would improve the standards
of the community in the district.
Funding Source: Kisumu County
Council
Street Lights Project 6 Provision of street lights in the district's
Maseno, Atela, Miwani, major towns.
Paw Akuche and Awasi
Justification: Implementation of the
project will improve security measures
in the district's major towns as well as
the standards of living the community.
Funding Source: Donor
Market Sheds 7 Construction of market sheds.
Atela, Nyangande, Katito,
Pap Onditi, Akado Justification: Market sheds if
completed will improve trade in the
council major markets and will generate
additional revenue to the council.
Funding Source: Kisumu County
Council
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energy
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The objectives of the sector are to:
Promote conservation of all forms of energy;
Continue with development of domestic hydro and geothermal sources of
electricity;
Increase wood production under both on-farm and plantation systems and
efficiency in woodfuel utilization;
Encourage domestic woodfuel substitution where possible;
Strengthen the existing energy centres and at the same time encourage
creation of new ones in most districts gradually so that all major agro-
ecological zones are covered;
Promote the development of alternative energy sources to broaden the
district energy mix and lessen reliance on imported energy; and
Intensify the on-going rural electrification programme to cope with the
increased demand for electricity in the rural areas.
District Specific Objectives & Targets
Objective: To promote conservation of woodfuel energy
Target: Increasing agro-forestry through the local farmer initiative and
conservation of forest and woodlots; and also through promotion of
energy saving technology at reasonable rates to families and
institutions.
Objective. To intensify the development of domestic and industrial hydro sources
of electricity.
Target: To speed up the implementation of Sondu-Miriu hydro power station
as a major source.
Objective: To encourage domestic woodfuel substitution
Target. To promote the development of alternative source of energy like solar
photovoltaics, biogas and wind energy to broaden the energy mix.
169
Objective: To provide electric power in the rural areas
Target: Intensification of the ongoing rural electrification programme to cope
with the increased demand for electricity in the rural areas.
170
projects and programme priorities
New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Division/Location_______ Ranking
Rural Electrification 1 Distribution of electricity in the rural
Programme areas.
District-wide
Justification: Electricity is a vital input
to encourage rural industrialization, and
promotion of Rural Trade and
Production Centres (RTPCs)
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
Woodfuel Programme 2 Extensive wood-fuel production
District-wide
Justification: The demand for wood
product is high and is. expected to rise
due to the rapidly increasing population.
Woodfuel is an essential commodity
both in the homestead and public
institutions. Fuel wood shortages are
already severe in Kisumu District.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
Fuel Efficient Woodstove 3 Development and distribution of wood
Programme saving jikos.
District-wide
Justification: There is need to use
energy saving technology that is
affordable to the poor. The fuel
efficient wood stove programme will
thus address this issue of cheap source
of energy thus supplementing the
efforts of the government to ensure
sustainability of the forest resources in
this district.
Fund Source: GOK/Donor
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Solar Energy Programme 4 Development of solar energy sources.
District-wide
Justification: Solar photovoltaics (PV)
have now evolved into a proven,
reliable, and environmentally benign
technology able to provide both rural
and urban power for a wide variety of
purposes including remote
telecommunications, rural refrigeration,
water pumps, grinding mills and off-grid
household electric systems. Solar
energy is handy where there are no
electrical grids and avoids associated
negative environmental impacts.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
Biogas Units Programme 5 Development of Biogas Units.
District-wide
Justification: Biogas system is one of
the sources of alternative energy which
is appropriate for rural areas. The use
of biogas devices can help to lower
household consumption of wood and
commercial fuels.
Funding Source: GOK/Donor
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OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
Sectoral PolicY,Qbjectives
The major objectives of this ministry are to:
Ensure a slower growth rate of employment in the public sector;
Increase the efficient utilization of existing staff and facilities, to achieve
better rationalization of the relationship between personal emoluments and
operational costs for public entities;
Reduce public sector employment through divestiture of non-strategic
activities;
Use solid criteria for achieving the right staffing mix between professionals
and supportive staff to remove the existence of over-staffing in certain areas
and under staffing in other;
Ensure that public sector training policies are understood;
Improve the efficiency of the Police force through training and better
interaction between the force and the members of the public; and
Strengthening the education, training, and counselling required to ensure
well qualified police and security personnel;
Registration and issuance of National Identity Cards for Kenyans aged
eighteen years and above; and
Registration and issuance of Identity Cards for Civil Servants and refugees;
and, Registration and issuance of certificates of births and deaths in each
district.
173
PROJECTS AND PROGRAMME PRIORITIES
Police Department
A: On-going Projects
Project Name Description of Activities
Location/Division
1. Kondele Police Patrol Base To construct a police station to reduce
Kisumu Town crime rates and provide security for
Winam Division the densely populated town.
Funding Source: Self Help/GOK
B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Police Patrol Base Programme 1 To construct a police station
District-wide in needy divisions.
Justification: Provide
adequate security for the
densely populated areas.
Funding Source: GOK
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OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Sectoral Policy Objectives
The Ministry's main objectives are to:
Formulate, prepare and monitor the implementation of the District
Development Plan, including mid plan, revisions and sessional papers on
development prospects, strategies and policies;
Promote regional economic growth through integration and co-operation;
Co-ordinate and manage all district sectoral planning related to economic and
basic infrastructure, trade and industrial policy issues;
Provide analyzed data and reports to facilitate the development of socio­
economic profiles and hence the formulation of appropriate strategies and
policies;
Promote rural development through appropriate policies, programmes and
projects that enhance capacity for growth;
Research on population trends and the formulation of policies and
programmes designed to reduce fertility and generally improve quality of life
and ensure desired population growth rate;
Provide inventory of the district's physical facilities in order to facilitate
proper management and utilization of these facilities; and
Maintain and manage a data bank arising out of the inventory for purposes
of providing the appropriate information with regard to resource monitoring.
District Specific Objectives and Targets
Objective: Improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the DDC and its sub­
committees.
Targets: Hold 10 seminars for DDC members and sub-DDC members and
committees.
Objectives: Develop a monitoring and reporting mechanisms for better
programme implementation.
Target: Procurement of document processing equipments e.g. photocopier,
computer/printer etc.
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B: New Project Proposals
Project Name Priority Description of Activities
Location/Division Ranking
Data Generation and 1 Strengthen the capacity of District
Analysis Planning Units. Empower communities
District-wide to collect, analyze and utilize data and
information
Justification: To generate, analyze and
utilize data for better focused localized
planning. To help communities in
making decisions which will affect their
well being.
Funding Source: UNICEF
Seminars/Training 2 Hold 10 seminars for DDC members ,
District-wide Sub-DDC members and communities.
Justification: To help DDC members in
project identification, formulation,
planning, management and
implementation.
Funding Source: UNICEF
Project Monitoring and 3 Develop a monitoring and reporting
Evaluation mechanism. Procurement of document
District-wide processing equipments e.g. photocopier,
computer/printer, T.V/video, binder and
typewriter. Procurement of 4 wheel drive
Landcruiser vehicle
Justification: Strengthen project
monitoring and evaluation.
Funding Source: UNICEF/GOK
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