NANDI DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2002-2008 “Effective Management For Sustainable Economic Growth And Poverty Reduction” FOREWARD The 7th Nandi District Development Plan (DDP) for the period 2002-2008 was prepared by the District Departmental Heads of various Ministries under the coordination of the District Commissioner (DC) assisted by the District Development Officer (DDO) and members of the District Planning Team. The Plan is a product of broad-based consultations among various stakeholders. It has been prepared in the backdrop of the theme of the 9th National Development Plan, which is “Effective Management for Sustainable Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction The Nandi DDP articulates medium term policies and objectives, which are further translated into short-term strategies and programmes to be implemented under the Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). The latter is part of the budgetary reforms undertaken to strengthen the linkage between policy, planning and budgeting. The Rural Planning Department of the Ministry of Finance and Planning provided the overall guidance through seminars and training workshops and was responsible for the formulation of guidelines, editing and publication of the Plan. The Plan is divided into four chapters as follows: Chapter One: Provides the background description of the district in terms of its area, administrative divisions, main physical features, and settlement patterns as well as a summary of data essential for making informed choices while planning. Chapter Two: Provides a review of the performance of the 6th District Development Plan for the period 1997-2001 and insight into the major development challenges and cross cutting issues to be tackled during the 2002-2008 Plan period. Chapter Three: Forms the core of the Plan and is prepared along the lines of the MTEF sectors. It indicates the priorities, strategies and programmes proposed to overcome the development challenges identified in Chapter Two. The proposals are in line with the people’s aspirations as outlined during the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper District Consultation Forums. Chapter Four: Introduces implementation, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the 7th Nandi DDP. It outlines the institutional framework for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the 7-year Plan, the indicators and instruments to be used and sets out the roles of the stakeholders. District Planning is the cornerstone of the District Focus for Rural Development Strategy (DFRD). This strategy is currently being revamped to ensure that an effective bottom up delivery system that facilitates two-way communication between the community and development partners through the administrative hierarchy in the district as well as at the national level is established. In order for this Plan to be more effective than before communities will be actively and fully involved in the entire project/programme planning (Hi) process: from selection, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. However, this requires huge investments in training and capacity building, particularly on participatory methodologies for the communities, and effective delivery of services closer to the people. ’In this regard, district information systems will be put in place, with District Information and Documentation Centre (DIDC) and District Planning Unit (DPU) playing a central role in the process. This will be actively pursued by the Rural Planning Department through the office of the DDO in collaboration with development partners. RURAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND PLANNING TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD TABLE OF CONTENTS ... LIST OF ABREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES/MAPS . CHAPTER ONE DISTRICT PROFILE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 ADMINISTRATIVE, GEOGRAPHIC AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 4 1.1.1 Administrative Boundaries 4 1.1.2 Physiographic and Natural Conditions ® 1.1.3 Settlement Patterns ............................................................. 1.2 DISTRICT FACT SHEET 7 CHAPTER TWO MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES 2.0 INTRODUCTION — 15 2.1 OVERVIEW OF 1997 - 2001 PLAN 15 2.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF 1997 - 2001 DEVELOPMENT PLAN 16 2.3 DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN LINKAGES WITH THE 2002 - 2008 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND OTHER POLICY PAPERS 17 2.4 MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES 18 2.4.1 Population Growth 18 2.4.2 Poverty 20 2.4.3 HIV/AIDS 20 2.4.4 Gender Inequality . 22 2.4.5 Disaster Management 23 2.4.6 Environmental Conservation and Management 24 CHAPTER THREE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES 3.0 INTRODUCTION 27 3.1 AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT SECTOR 27 3.1.1 Sector Vision and Mission 27 3.1.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission 27 3.1.3 Importance of the Sector in the District 27 3.1.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector 28 3.1.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies 28 3.1.6 Project and Programme Priorities 31 3.1.7 Cross Sector Linkages 3^ 3.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 3.2.1 Sector Vision and Mission 3.2.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission 3.2.3 Importance of the Sector in the District 3.2.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector 3.2.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies 3.2.6 Project and Programme Priorities 3.2.7 Cross Sector Linkages 3.3 TOURISM TRADE AND INDUSTRY ......................................................................................... 41 3.3.1 Sector Vision and Mission .................................................................................................. 41 3.3.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ........................................................ 41 3*.3.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .......................................................................... 41 3.3.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector .................................................................................. 41 3.3.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies........................................................ 42 3.3.6 Project and Programme Priorities .............................................................................. 43 3.3.7 Cross Sector Linkages .......................................................................................................... 46 3.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT....................................................................................... 46 3.4.1 Sector Vision and Mission ................................................................................................. 46 3.4.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ........................................................ 46 3.4.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .......................................................................... 47 3.4.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector ................................................................................... 47 3.4.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies........................................................ 47 3.4.6 Project and Programme Priorities ............................................................................... 49 3.4.7 Cross Sector Linkages .......................................................................................................... 51 3.5 INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY........................................................ 51 3.5.1 Sector Vision and Mission ......... ........................................................................................ 51 3.5.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ........................................................ 52 3.5.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .......................................................................... 52 3.5.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector ............................................................. . .................... 52 3.5.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies........................................................ 52 3.5.6 Project and Programme Priorities ............................................................................... 53 3.5.7 Cross Sector Linkages ....... . ............................................................................................ . 53 3.6 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, SAFETY, LAW AND ORDER .......................................... 54 3.6.1 Sector Vision and Mission .................................................................................................. 54 3.6.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ........................................................ 54 3.6.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .......................................................................... 54 3.6.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector ................................................................................... 54 3.6.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies........................................................ 54 3.6.6 Project and Programme Priorities .......................... .................................................... 56 3.6.7 Cross Sector Linkages .......................................................................................................... 57 CHAPTER FOUR IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 61 4.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR M&E SYSTEM IN THE DISTRICT .................... 61 IMPLEMENTATION , MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4 2 MATRIX......;....................................................................................................................... . .............. 61 4.2.1 Agricuture and Rural Development ........................................................................................ 62 4.2.2 Physical Infrastructure .............................................................................................................. 68 4.2.3 Tourism, Trade and Industry .................................................................................................. 71 4.2.4 Human Resources Development............................................................................................... 73 4.2.5 Information Communication Technology ............................................................................. 77 4.2.6 Public Administration, Safety, Law and Order .................................................................... 77 4.3 SUMMARY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (vi) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACCs Aids Control Committees ACK Anglican Church of Kenya ADC Agricultural Development Corporation AFC Agricultural Finance Corporation AGOA African Growth and Opportunity Act BDS Business Development Sen ices BOG Board of Governors CACC Constituency Aids Control Committee CBO Community Based Organization CBR Crude Birth Rate CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CCN County Council of Nandi CMR Child Mortality Rate COMESA Common Market for Eastern & Southern Africa DACC District Aids Control Committee DALEO District Agricultural and Livestock Extension Office(r) DAO District Agricultural Office(r) DCF District Consultative Forum DDC District Development Committee DDO District Development Officer DEC District Executive Committee DEO District Education Officer DGW District Game Warden- DHMB District Health Management Board DIDC District Information and Documentation Centre DIDO District Industrial Development Officer DLPO District Livestock Population Office(r) DMEC District Monitoring and Evaluation Committee DRB District Roads Board DSDO District Social Development Officer DTDO , District Trade Development Officer DVO District Veterinary office(r) DWO District Works Officer/District Water Office(r) EPC Export Promotion Centre EPZA Export Processing Zones Authority 1CDC Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation 1CRAF International Centre for Research in Agro Forestry ICT Information Communication Technology 1MR Infant Mortality Rate 1PC Industrial Promotion Centre KAM Kenya Association of Manufacturers KBS Kenya Bureau of Standards KCC Kenya Co-operative Creameries KCT Kenya Credit Traders KFC Kenya Film Corporation KIE Kenya Industrial Estates NCC Nandi County Council KMC Kapsabet Municipal Council KNCC&I Kenya National Chamber of Commerce & Industry KPLC Kenya Power & Lighting Company KSA Kenya Sugar Authority KTDA Kenya Tea Development Authority KTGA Kenya Tea Growers Association KWS Kenya Wildlife Services LATF Local Authority Transfer Fund LVEMP Lake Victoria Environmental Management Programme M&E Monitoring & Evaluation MFI Micro Financial Institutions MOARD Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development MOENR Ministry of Environment & Natural Resources MOH Ministry of Health MTEF Medium Term Expenditure Framework NACC National AIDS Control Council NALEP National Agricultural & Livestock Extension Programme NCWK National Council of Women of Kenya NGO Non Governmental Organization OOP Office of the President PACC Provincial AIDS Control Committee PMEC Provincial Monitoring & Evaluations Committee Prov. Adm. Provincial Administration PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PTA Parents Teachers Association RMF Road Maintenance Fund SACCO Savings and credit Cooperative Societies TFR Total Fertility Rate TV Television WTO World Trade Organization (viii) LIST OF TABLES AND MAPS Page Table 1.1 Administrative Units and Area (km ) 4 Table 1.2 Population Densities by Divisions 7 Table 2.1 Population Projections by Age Cohorts and Sex . 18 Table 2.2 Population Projections by Selected Age Groups and Sex 19 Table 2.3 Blood Donors HIV Prevalence between 1988 and 2000 21 Table 2.4 Number of registered women Groups by Divisions 22 Map 1 Location of the District in the Map of Kenya 3 Map. 2 Administrative Boundaries 5 (ix) CHAPTER ONE DISTRICT PROFILE LOCATION OF NANDI IN KENYA Prepared by CBS.1999 Pop Census TBs map is not an authority over actnnistrmive bourdenee 3 SOMALIA 1.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides background information on the district’s administration and physical profile as well as boundaries, settlement patterns and the political units. Information on the physiographic, natural conditions and other Socio economic indicators have been condensed in the District Fact sheet which gives the districts resource potential at a glance. The theme of this plan is “Effective Management for Sustainable Economic ' Growth and Poverty Reduction” and as such the plan will build more on the views received from the PRSP consultations and the National Development Plan among others. 1.1 ADMINISTRATIVE, GEOGRAPHYIC AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION This section provides details of the districts background information on the location of the district, the main physical features, settlement patterns and other relevant information crucial to the formation of development strategies for the next seven years. 1.1.1 Administrative Boundaries Nandi District is situated in the western part of Rift Valley Province. It borders Kakamega District to the north-west. Uasin Gishu District to the north-east. Kericho District to the south-east, Kisumu District to the south-east and Vihiga District to the west as can be seen on map 1. The district lies within latitudes 0° and 0° 34" north and longitudes 34° 44" and 35° 25" east and covers an area of 2.873 km2. The maximum distance from north to south is 90 km" while from east to west is 75 km2. Table 1.1: Administrative Units and Area (km2) Division Area (km2) No. of Locations No. of Sub-location Aldai 385.3 12 38 Kabiyet 268 6 IS Kapsabet 493.7 8 24 Kaptumo 137.4 4 14 Kilibwoni 273.1 15 52 Kipkaren 315.5 10 28 Kosirai 195 9 24 Nandi Hills 390.3 14 46 Tinderet 414.7 13 39 Total 2,873 91 283 Source: District Statistics Office, Kapsabet, 2001 Administratively, Nandi District is divided into nine divisions as shown in Table 1:1. The largest division is Kapsabet followed by Tinderet, while the smallest division is Kaptumo. The district is politically divided into four constituencies namely; Aldai, Mosop, Tinderet and Emgwen. Emgwen is the most recently formed constituency. Aldai Constituency comprises Kaptumo and Aldai Divisions. Mosop Constituency comprises Kabyet, Kipkaren and Kosirai Divisions. Tinderet-Constituency comprises Tinderet, Nandi Hills and Kilibwoni Divisions while Emgwen Constituency comprises Kapsabet Division. Map 2 shows the administrative boundaries. The district has three local authorities 4 5 LUGAR I DISTRICT _____________ legend namely; Kapsabet Municipal Council, Nandi County Council and Nandi Hills Urban council, and with 98 wards. 1.1.2 Physiographic and Natural Conditions Physiographically the district is divided into five distinct features. These are the rolling hills to the west, the Kapsabet plateau (this is part of the Uasin Gishu plateau), the highlands, the foothills of Tindiret in the south east of the district and the Kingwal swamp in the Baraton/Chepterit area and the dissected Nyando escarpment at the southern border. The altitude of the district ranges from 1300m to 2,500m above sea level. It is hilly and is underlain by outcrops of basement rock system, which are distinct to the north giving way to thick layers of red soil covered anthills to the south. This topography is favourable to the growth of natural forests, which serve as watersheds for the major rivers and the numerous streams that form a good drainage pattern in the rest of the district. The major rivers are Kipkaren, Clare, Onyonkie, and Kimondi Kingwal, Mekong and Yala. The rivers are perennial which ensure availability of water for domestic use as well as for potential commercial and industrial use. Some of these rivers especially those in Tindiret Division have waterfalls, which could be harnessed for hydroelectric power generation. However, the rugged topography of the district inhibits transportation especially in the wet seasons. This terrain also affects farm mechanization particularly in the steep slopes making it unfeasible to realize optimal land exploitation. Nandi has a cool and moderately wet climate. On average, the district receives between 1,200 mm and 2,000 mm of rainfall per annum. The long rains start in early March and continue up to end of June while the short rains usually fall from mid September to end of November. A dry spell is normally experienced between December and March, but there is no month when the district records virtually no rainfall. The lowest rainfall on average is received in the eastern and northeastern part of the district. The highest rainfall is recorded in Kobujoi and Tindinyo areas to the southwest. The distribution of this rainfall is determined by the- topography and influence of the southwesterly winds from Lake Victoria. There is a direct relationship between the rainfall regime and the economic activities in the district. The southern and central parts, which receive a minimum of 1,500 mm rainfall per annum, form the tea production belt. The relatively drier areas to the east and northeast, which receive an average of 1,200 mm of rainfall per annum, are ideal for maize and sunflower cultivation. The whole district is ideal for dairy farming. The district has the potential to produce a surplus of diverse crops such as tree crops, horticulture, pyrethrum, cereal and fruit trees owing to adequate and reliable rainfall. Most parts of the district experience mean temperatures of between 18°C and 22°C during the rainy seasons while higher temperatures averaging 23°C are recorded during the drier months of December and January. The coolest temperatures, as low as 12°C, are experienced during the cold spell of July and August. The highest temperatures averaging 26°C are recorded only to the southwest area in the neighbourhood of Nyando escarpment lying 1,300 metres above sea level. 6 1.1.3 Settlement Patterns As shown in Table 1.2, Kapsabet Division has the highest density of 276 persons per km "while Tinderet Division has the lowest density at 155. Table 1.2: Population Density (2002 - 2008) 2002 2004 ________2006________ 2008 Kapsabet 276 292 310 328 Tinderet 155 164 174 184 Nandi Hills 204 216 229 243 Kilibwoni 249 263 279 296 Kosirai 197 209 222 235 Kaptumo 213 225 239 253 Aldai 272 288 305 323 Kabiyet 177 187 198 210 Kipkaren 182 193 204 217 Total 218 231 245 260 Source: District Statistics Office, Kapsabet, 2001 Tinderet Division has the highest percentage of overall poor of 11.8 per cent due partly to landslide, which has led to displacement of some people to become squatters while Aldai has the lowest (8.6 per cent). However the highest incidence of poverty is in Nandi Hills where the majority of the poor are casual workers in the tea estates. 1.2 DISTRICT FACT SHEET This district fact sheet contains such information as the area, population size, and other data that is relevant for planning and as indicators for monitoring and evaluation of development projects and programmes during the plan period. Area Total area 2,873 km2 Arable area 2,340 km2 Non-arable area 533 km2 Water mass 0.55 km2 Gazetted forest 560.16 km2 Non-gazetted forest 15 km2 Urban area 4.2 km2 Topography and Climate Altitude Highest 2,500 m Lowest 1,300m Rainfall (by station) Chebut 2179 mm (136 wet days per year) Tinderet T.E. 1243 mm (107 wet days per year) Kabiyet 1490 mm (108 wet days per year) Kobujoi 1660 mm (169 wet days per year) Rainfall by seasons Long March - June Short September - November Temperature Months with highest temperature December/January (23°C) Months with lowest temperature July/August (12°C) Temperature average 20°C Demographic and Population Profiles Population size 631,357 ~ ----- Population Structure Total No. of Males 316,363 Total No. of Females 314,994 7 Female/Male sex ratio_______________________________ 17l ------------------ ------- Total No. of youthful population (15 - 25) 146,805 ‘ --------------------— Total population of primary school going age (6-13) 148,741 ---------- -—— Total population of Secondary School going age (14-17) 64,413 ------------- — Total labour force (15-64 years) 312,213————- Dependency ratio 100:102—————- ----- - Population growth rate 2.9% --------------------- Highest population density 276 (Kapsabet) ~ Lowest population density 155 (Tinderct) Average population density 218 ------------- Rural Population Rural population at the start and end of the plan period Start 575,448 End 684,815 " ' ' Urban population _____________________________ Number of towns (2,000 - 10,000 people)_______________ ~2 ' '~~~~ Urban population at the start of the plan period Start 55,909 End 66,535 ' --------- Crude birth rate (/1000) 50/1000 ‘ Crude death rate (/1000) 12/1000 ------- Life expectancy Male 48- » ' Female 51 Infant mortality rate 66/1000 Under 5 mortality rate 1 1 1/000 Total fertility rate 6.8 Socio - Economic Indicators Total no. of households 1 12,713 Average household size 5.1 No. of female headed nousehold 26,149 (23%) No. of children headed household 100 No. of disabled 13,500 Children needing special protection 3,000 Absolute poverty (Rural + Urban) 64.15%, 405,015 Contribution to national poverty 2.0% Average household income 10,500 Kshs. Sectoral contribution to household income (%) Agriculture 42% Rural self employment 10.9% Wage employment 44% Urban self employment 3% Other 0.1 % No. of unemployed 1 13,171 Agriculture Average farm size (small scale) 2 Ha. Average farm size (large scale) 5 Ha. Main food crops produced Maize, beans, irish potatoes, sorghum, millet Main cash crops produced Tea, coffee, sugarcane, maize, pyrethrum Total acreage under food crops 100,000 Ha. Total acreage under cash crops 19,1 12 Ha. Main storage facilities ( on and off farm) Conventional stores, normal bans Population working in the agricultural sector 325,000 Total no. of ranches 0 Average size of ranches Nil _____ Main livestock bred Zebu, dairy, sheep, goats, poultry Land carrying capacity 0.9 Population working in the livestock sector 93,552 Vlain species of fish catch Tilapia, Nile perch Population offish farmers 438 _______ ___ Size of gazetted forests 56,016 Ha. Size of non-gazetted forest 1,500 Ha. 8 Main forest products . . Timber. Poles. Seedlings. Firewood % of people engaged in forest related activities (saw mills. 25% furniture etc)_____ _______ ________ _______________ __ Co-operatives No. of active co-operatives (i.e. saccos, Agricultural co­ operative, Unions. Housing etc) Saccos 31 _ Agriculture_________ _ ______________________________ 52_________________________________ Union ______________________ _ Housing 1 Consumer 1 Dairy_________________________________________ ____ 31 Coffee 6 Produce buving 5 Hides and Skins 2 Total registered members bv tvpe Saccos 17.620 Coffee 1.945 Dairy 1.6S9 Sugarcane S25 Total turn-over by type Saccos KsjjSJ1 -6 million _ * Coffee Kshs. 9 million Dairy Kshs. 6.7 million Sugar cane Kshs.93.9 million Water and Sanitation No. of households with access to piped water 3.500 No. of households with access to potable water 30.000 No. of permanent rivers 7 No. of wells 5.555 No. of protected springs 2.770 No. of boreholes 65 No. of dams 15 No. of households w ith roof catchments 20.000 Average distance to nearest potable water point 1.0 km No. of VIP latrines (25% coverage) Education Facilities P re-Primary Number of pre-primary schools 5S2 Total enrolment rates Bovs 42.5° o Girls 47.7% Total drop out rates ________________ Bovs 12% ________________ Girls 1% Tcacher/pupils ratio 1:35 Average years of school attendance 1 vear Primary Number of primary schools_______ 540 ' — Total enrolment rates by sex _________________________________ Bovs 49.63% “ - ------------------------------- ____________ _________________ Girls 50.37% Total drop-out rates by sex ___________________________ Boys 16% ‘ ---- --- ____ ________________________________________ Girls 14.5% - --- Teacher/pupil ratio____________________________ 1:35 ~------------------------------- Average years of school attendance bv sex _________________________________________ Boys 6 ______ '___________________________________ Girls 6 “ --------------- . .— 9 I Secondary | Number of Secondary schools 80 ------------------- Total enrolment by sex Males 7,559 24% -------- -—■— Females 6,824 21% " ———----------- Total drop-out rates by sex Males 13% -------------- Females 13% 1 Teacher/pupil ratio 1:19 | Average years of school attendance by sex _________ ----------------- Males Females ~4~ “ -------- Tertiary Number of other training institutions e g. colleges, 17 polytechnics etc) 1 Main type of training institutions Polytechnics 1 Adult Literacy 1 Number of Adult literacy classes 148 “ ‘ 1 Enrolment by sex Males 580 “ Females 1,240 " 1 Drop out rates by sex Males 65.7% Female 55.1% 1 Literacy levels by sex Males 82.4% Females 68.4% Health 1 Most prevalent diseases: 1 Malaria 38% 1 Respiratory tract infections 23% 1 Skin diseases 6.2% 1 Doctor/patient ratio 1:80,000 1 Number of Health facilities 106 1 Hospitals 3 1 Health centres 15 1 Dispensaries 60 1 Clinics 28 1 Average distance to nearest health facility 6 km 1 % of household with access to health facilities 55% Energy 1 Number of households with electricity connections 2,256 1 Number of trading centres with electricity 23 1 % Rural households using solar power 0.1% 1 % Households using firewood/charcoal 95% 1 % Households using kerosene, gas or biogas 1.5% | Transport Facilities I Total km. of roads (by division): ____ | Kapsabet Earth Murram Bitumen Aldai 25.0 68.1 48.0 | Kaptumo 24.0 89.5 - Nandi Hills 20.0 58.0 - Tindiret 24.0 34.0 39.0 | Kilibwoni 360.0 87.1 26.1 1 Kabiyet 250.0 295.7 22.0 1 Kipkaren 35.7 110.0 - Kosirai 27.0 41.2 ' 20 ’ Total 765.7 783.6 155.1 Number of public service vehicles Buses (42) Matatus (372) Taxis (25) Communication Number of households with telephone connections 1,900 10 Number of private and public organizations with telephone 93 connections Mobile service coverage N/A Number of post/sub-post offices 18 Number of telephone booths 106 % of households without radios 40% Number of cyber cafes 4 Trade and Commerce & Tourism Number of trading centres 249 Number of hotels 183 Number of tourist class hotels Nil Main tourist attractions Bonjoge game Reserve Chepkiit Water falls Kingwal Swamp Forest reserves Number of registered hotels 98 Number of licensed businesses 2.550 Total number of informal sector enterprises 671 Banks and Financial Institutions Number of banks 2 Volume of credit provided 850 million Kshs. Number of other financial institutions 4 Volume of credit provided 120, million Number of Micro-Finance institutions 1 11 CHAPTER TWO MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS CUTTING ISSUES 2.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides an overview of the last Plan 1997-2001 and examines whether the expectations of the plan were met. It also analyses the implementation of programmes and projects and shows achievements, constraints and lessons leamt. The chapter then looks at the linkages between the district plan, the National Plan and other major policy documents. Finally it looks at major development challenges and crosscutting issues, which are likely to affect the development of the district. 2.1 OVERVIEW OF 1997 - 2001 PLAN The main thrust of the 1997 — 2001 Plan was “industrialization and the plan was written with guidance from the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1994 and other relevant sectoral policy documents. The focus of the plan was to industrialize so as to join the Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC) status by the year 2020. This, however, was too ambitious for Nandi District in the short run considering that the district had a weak industrial base despite being a rich agricultural district. The District Development Committee was expected to create an enabling environment for industrial take off. In order to improve major infrastructural facilities, the district proposed to increase power supply to market and urban centres so as to activate these centres for industrialization. Through reduction in installation costs it was anticipated that many people would get connected. However, this has not changed much. Most schemes passed by the DDC are still pending ten years after approval, even for those, which have met the 10 per cent requirement. On the other hand, water development did not meet the expectation of the plan. Water supply particularly to Kapsabet Town continued to be inefficient making it difficult to meet the demand for industrial development. Roads maintenance and opening of feeder roads did not meet the expectation of the plan due to insufficient funds and the effects of El-Nino rains. The roads, especially, Serem - Kaptumo-Kapsabet remained in disrepair undone making it difficult to transport agricultural products to the market. Though the PTA, BOG and GOK registered quite an improvement in the construction of schools due to joint efforts, no major change has been noted in the development of human resources in terms of acquisition of appropriate technologies. The more that 17 youth polytechnics have remained under-utilized and the large reservoir of labour force is still unskilled. Traditional skills that have low returns are still practiced by the local entrepreneurs and the development of industrial culture is still lacking. The aim of the 1997-2001 Plan period has not been realised in respect of training. This set-back can be attributed to lack of information and types and quantities of raw materials available and the technology required to exploit them. Despite advocacy for the residents of the district to invest within the district, a number of them continued to invest in other towns mainly Eldoret, which is relatively more, industrialized. The strategy of the district to attract credit development had some success. A number of micro financing institutions such as WEDCO and Kenya Women Finance Trust started operating in the district. However, Barclays Bank wound up its operations in the district under a restructuring process and moved customers to Eldoret. 15 Generally, the implementation of the plan was poor with an average implementation rate of 30 per cent. The effects of both the El-Nino and the La-Nina were felt across the sectors. Frost also affected the tea industry, which led to massive lay offs. 2.2 IMPLEMENTATION STATUS OF THE 1997 - 2001 PLAN The 1997 - 2001 District Development Plan unlike the current Development Plan was written with limited consultation from the stakeholders. This in a way limited its scope in terms of ownership and implementation. Though not much has been achieved in terms of implementation of the 1997 - 2001 Nandi District Development Plan, a few achievements were noted in the education Sub­ sector, where a number of school facilities were built on harambee basis by the PTAs and BOGs. Under these initiative laboratories, dining halls, classrooms and libraries were constructed. Another sector where achievement was made is the public administration, safety, law and order. The planned construction of the District Headquarters was completed save for a few final touches. The Police Headquarters was also completed and occupied. What remains is to complete the staff houses. The health Sub-sector also registered some achievements, mainly, the construction of health facilities funded by both the government and local community. However, this was less than 20 per cent of the planned activities of the Sub-sector. Under the infrastructure sector the roads department had proposed to undertake 16 roads projects and complete 3 on going projects on bridges. Due to limited funding, little was achieved. Only half of the road projects were partly completed. Major road works whose non-completion has had adverse effect on the district’s economy are the Kaptumo - Serem - Gambogi (D292) and, Kipsigak - Seremi road (D291) roads. The poor condition of these roads has made it almost impassable to transport agricultural products to the market. Implementation status in the water sub-sector was equally poor with 5 out of the 10 on going projects carried forward from the 1994- 1996 Plan period being completed. All the new projects proposed in the 1997 - 2001 Plan period were not started due to lack of funding. The projects that were not implemented in the last two Plan periods have beer proposed to be undertaken in this Plan period. Ministry of Health completed almost all the 12 projects carried forward from 1994 - 1996 Plan period. However, out of the 12 new projects in the 1997 - 2001 Plan period. only 2 were started due to limited funding. Another problem experienced in the health sub-sector was that large number of projects was implemented though not in the plan. In the agricultural Sub-sector little was achieved of the planned projects due to poo; funding. The withdrawal of donor funding for NEP II, SCIP II and Fertilizer Extensior projects in 1997 left the Sub-sector with no resources for implementation. Privatisatioi of A.I. services in Veterinary Department also resulted in the shifting of these service; from the department to the private sector. In general, only about 35 per cent of th, planned activities in this sub-sector were implemented. Production in agriculture 16 also low, as the planned acreage under crop production was not attained. This trend, however, improved towards the end of the Plan period. The other departments registered no implementation in their panned programmes during the Plan period. Most affected were Commerce, Trade and Industry, Culture and Social Services, Tourism and Wildlife, Research Technical Training and Technology. These departments will carry forward their major 1997 - 2001 planned activities to 2002 — 2008 plan period. Major constraints were lack of funding and under funding of planned activities. The El Nino and the La Nina phenomena also compounded the problem during the Plan period. Most facilities including water projects and roads were swept away by floods leaving the facilities completely dilapidated. Transport became difficult thus compounding the problem of marketing. The La-Nina phenomenon of 1999-2000 adversely affected all the sectors and mainly the tea industry and the health Sub-sector. Due to the low implementation rate of development projects/programmes, the mission of The 1997 - 2001 Plan was not met. The poor implementation did not augur well for the District’s desire to industrialize, reduce poverty and unemployment. It must therefore refocus its efforts to revitalize its economy during the 2002 — 2008 Plan period. 2.3 DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN LINKAGES WITH 2002 TO 2008 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND OTHER POLICY PAPERS The essence of the district development planning is to manage limited resources and ensure equitable allocation among the various competing needs through the prioritisation of activities. More specifically, development planning aims at ensuring efficient resource allocation to augment productivity that allows a sustained rise in per capita income, ensures that benefits of economic growth are equitably distributed and promotes radical changes in attitudes and values and enhance institutional infrastructure. This ultimately leads to realization of rapid economic growth devoid of absolute poverty. Guidance for the preparation of this District Development Plan has been drawn from the National Development Policy Guidelines, Sessional Papers, PRSP District Report, Mid -Term Expenditure Frame Work (MTEF), District Poverty Assessment Reports, Lake Victoria Environmental Management Plan (LVEMP) Local Authority Development Plan, Development oriented Church Organizations and consultative meetings with the private sector and civil society. So as to enhance resource planning, identification and utilization, this plan sought the participation of all stakeholders and endeavoured to harmonize their planning activities on both the short-term and long term. This District Development Plan is implementing the National Development Plan and the objectives of the plan are translated into medium term strategies and programmes in Chapter 3 of this plan. These strategies and programmes are from the District Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Consultations and the Medium Term Expenditure Framework initiatives. The District Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) process has given the medium term strategies, programmes and projects, which are to be funded through the Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). The PRSP/MTEF planning and budgeting process will continue in three-year periods. The theme of this DDP is Effective Management for Sustainable Growth and Poverty Reduction”. This calls for a 17 dynamic multi sectoral analysis hence the current approach of sectoral, planning and budgeting as in the PRSP/MTEF. 2.4 MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS CUTTING ISSUES The main development challenges that this district development plan will have to address and which are cross cutting include: population dynamics, HIV/AIDS, disaster management, poverty and environmental degradation. 2.4.1 Population Growth The population of Nandi District was 578,751 people in 1999 and is projected to increase to be 751,351 people at the end of this plan period in 2008 at an annual growth rate of 2.9 per cent. The growth rate has slowed down as compared to the previous plan period. These projections were taken with little consideration on the impact (negative) of HIV/AIDS. Since the scourge is a threat to the population, it is likely to grow at a rather lower rate than projected. However, the population growth rate may not match the district’s economic development rate, which seems to be slower. The challenge during the plan period is to ensure that the district economic growth is high in order to feed the population, create employment and reduce poverty. Table 2.1 shows the district population projection by age and sex. Table 2.1: Population Projections by Age Cohorts and sex Age 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 Group M F M F M F M F M F 0-4 49,155 48,642 53,623 53,063 56,825 56,232 60,218 59,590 63,814 63,148 5-9 42,637 42,105 46,513 45,932 49,290 48,675 52,233 51,582 55,353 54,662 10- 14 43,129 42,880 47,049 46,778 49,859 49,571 52,836 52,531 55,991 55,668 15- 19 34,350 34,689 37,472 37,842 39,710 40,102 42,081 42,497 44,594 45,034 20-24 27,283 28,952 29,763 31,584 31,540 33,470 33,424 35,468 35,420 37,586 25-29 21,731 21,344 23,706 23,284 25,122 24,675 26,622 26,148 28,212 27,709 30-34 15,327 15,046 16,720 16,414 17,719 17,394 18,777 18,432 19,898 19,533 35-39 13,264 13,598 14,470 14,834 15,334 15,720 16,249 16,659 17,220 17,653 40-44 10,186 9,309 11,112 10,155 11,775 10,762 12,479 11,404 13,224 12,085 45-49 8,461 7,799 9,230 8,508 9,781 9,016 10,365 9,554 10,984 10,125 50-54 6,476 5,874 7,065 6,408 7,487 6,791 7,934 7,196 8,407 7,626 55-59 4,793 4,562 5,229 4,977 5,541 5,274 5,872 5,589 6,222 5,923 60-64 3,666 3,545 3,999 3,867 4,238 4,098 4,491 4,343 4,759 4,602 55-69 2,713 2,924 2,960 3,190 3,136 3,380 3,324 3,582 3,522 3,796 70-74 2,548 2,417 2,780 2,637 2,946 2,794 3,121 2,961 3,308 3,138 75-79 2,044 2,040 2;230 2,225 2,363 2,358 2,504 2,499 2,654 2,648 80 +NS 2,240 3,022 2,444 3,297 2,590 3,494 2,744 3,702 2,908 3,923 Total 290,003 288,748 316,363 314,994 335,255 333,804 355,275 353,737 376,490 374,861 Source: District Statistics Office, Kapsabet, 2001 * Includes Age not stated The high population growth rate in the district poses a challenge to the successful implementation of projects and programmes that would improve the people’s standards of living. The bulk of the population, 68 per cent is youthful (0-25). The district will be required to provide the necessary socio-economic infrastructure for this youthful population. Table 2.2 shows the population projection for selected age groups. Table 2.2 Population Projections by Selected Age-groups and Sex Age Group 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 M F M F M F M F M M 6-13 68,326 68,022 74,537 74,205 78,987 78,636 83,704 83,332 88,703 88,308 (Primary) 14- 17 29,616 29,430 32,308 32,105 34,237 34,022 36,282 36,054 38,448 38,207 (Secondary) 15-49 128,832 140,542 148,935 157,828 167,253 (Female) 15-64 143,586 142,613 156,637 155,576 165,991 164,866 175,903 174,711 186,407 185,144 (Labour Force) ____________ _________________________________________ . ------------------------------------------------- Source: District Statistics Office, Kapsabet, 2001 Age Group 6-13 (Primary School): This age group 6-13 of primary school population consists of 24 per cent of the total population. This means that the district will have to increase the number of primary schools from the current 521 so as to meet the demand for primary education. Poverty reduction measures have to be implemented to enable parents’ education requirements for their children. Age Group 14-17 (Secondary School): The secondary school age group comprises 10.5 per cent of the total population. There are currently 80 secondary schools in the district. These will not be enough for the growing population. There is therefore need to invest more resources in providing more facilities during the plan period. More youth training institutions will have to be started in order to absorb reasonable numbers of those youths who do not make it to the university. Age Group 15 - 49 (Female): The females of childbearing age (15-49) comprise 22.8 per cent of the total population while there off springs in the 0-4-age cohort constitute 15.5 per cent of the population. These figures are important determinants of the requirement in health care programmes involving maternal and child health. Nandi District’s total fertility rate has been declining in the past decade and currently it is estimated to be 6.8. The fertility rate is envisaged to continue declining throughout the Plan period. This will be made possible by the provision of education to the girls as it is proved that TFR declines with the level of education. Nuptial patterns have tremendous impact on fertility and hence an important demographic characteristic. The longer the marriage is delayed, the lower the fertility. In Nandi District, the tradition dictated one is marriageable after initiation/circumcision. This trend though declining due to creation of awareness is still practised in some parts of the district. Boys, especially feel that once circumcised they should get married. During the Plan period, education will be enhanced and this will lead to delayed marriage. Age Group 15-64 (Labour Force): The labour force for the district constitutes 50.8 per cent of the total population. This means that the district will have to increase job opportunities in order to engage the labour force meaningfully. Otherwise, unemployment will continue to be rampant. Appropriate training will be crucial for the labour force to increase productivity. 19 2.4.2 Poverty This section analyses the poverty situation in the district and its effects on the overall development of the district. There are several poverty assessment surveys carried out in the district that have shown an increasing trend in poverty incidence. The overall rural poverty increased from 59.05 per cent to 64.15 per cent in 1992 and 1997 respectively. If measures are not put in place to curb this trend, by the end of this Plan period about 75 per cent of the population will be below poverty line. The district identified the causes of poverty during PRSP consultation forum as under utilization and inequitable distribution of resources; high cost of farm inputs and lack of market for farm produce; poor and inadequate education, unemployment and poor/low business skills; lack of entrepreneurship skills and inaccessibility to credit facilities. The majority of both the poor and the non-poor are subsistence farmers. Over 78.7 per cent of the poor are in this category and only 12.7 per cent are in both formal and public sector employment. Few poor people are enterprising. This is due partly to inaccessibility to credit facilities and lack of skills to manage business. Educationally, the poor are still the most disadvantaged as only 5.7 per cent have completed secondary while none proceeded to the higher levels of learning as opposed to non-poor where 19.9 per cent completed secondary, 3.6 per cent post secondary and 0.6 per cent university. This scenario should be improved if poverty is to be reduced during the Plan period. Education is the gateway to several poverty reduction ventures hence it’s enhancement. The district will put in place short-term measures to reduce poverty levels. These will include rehabilitation of the infrastructure to enable subsistence farmers market their produce. The farmers will be encouraged to diversify agricultural activities through promotion of horticultural production. Other measures include development of raw materials; establishment of agro-based industries; dissemination of market information and improvement of marketing skills. Industries like milk processing plant, animal feed manufacturing and other food processing industries will be encouraged in the district. 2.4.3 HIV/AIDS Control of HIV/AIDS is paramount to an effective poverty reduction strategy. The Government has declared HIV/AIDS a national disaster. Consistent with this, the Ministry of Health proposes to implement HIV/AIDS control activities to achieve the objectives of preventing transmission of HIV among the population with a focus on the vulnerable groups. Table 2.3 shows the HIV Prevalence since 1988 20 Table 2.3 Blood Donors HIV Prevalence Since 1988-2000 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Total Tests 86 389 654 403 331 363 447 118 350 296 794 230 Cum. Totals 86 475 1129 1532' 1863 2226 2673 2791 3141 3437 4231 4461* HIV+VE 2 21 6 9 14 73 31 17 32 41 51 18 H1V+VE 2 23 29 38 52 125 156 173 205 246 297 315 CUM % HIV+VE 2.3% 4.8% 2.6% 2.5% 2.8% 5.6% 5.8% 6.2% 6.5% 7.2% 7.0% 7.1% Grand Total 8 401 696 463 379 494 564 214 3320 6150 965 775 Tests Cum Total 86 487 1183 1646 205 2519 3083 3297 3617 4227 5192 5967 HIV Cases 2 25 22 35 23 147 98 55 128 72 113 48 Grand HIV 2 27 49 84 107 254 352 407 535 607 720 768 Cum. % HIV 2.3% 5.5% 4.1% 5.1% 5.3% 10.1% 11.4% 12.3% 14.8% 14.4% 13.9% 12.9% Source: Medical Officer of Health, Kapsabet, 2001 The prevalence of HIV in the district is a worrying factor. The rate has increased from 2.3 per cent in 1988 to 12.9 per cent in 1999. The most affected age group is 22 - 39 years. This is the most active age group and productive in terms of economic activities. The trend is adversely affecting the labour force. The gains made in education and the agricultural sector is at risk of going down the drain due to increasing numbers of orphans. HIV/AIDs affects the gains made in education sector, by increasing number of dropouts and killing experienced teachers. It has also affected agricultural production because many hours are spent taking care of the sick. There is an increased trend of mortality rate due to HIV/AIDS. Despite efforts made through prevention and advocacy, the incidence continues to rise. At family level, HIV/AIDs has caused death of parents and infected infants leading to loss of any achievement made in development. This has resulted to increased number of orphans that cause strain to traditional safety nets. Thus the children drop out of school to cater for their other siblings and their sick parents. At the village level, the number of infected and affected has increased, exerting pressure on the health facilities and diverting resources to health care instead of development. The scenario is the same at community level and this has affected development efforts since most resources are used to care for infected and affected people. With no cure available the only way to manage the disease is to curb its spread. Advocacy and education remains the strongest weapon. For the infected, the only option is to improve thejr health condition by providing subsidised drugs. Multi-sectoral approach to solving this problem is anticipated. Already the Nandi District HIV/AIDS Control Committee has brought on board all the major interest groups in the fight against HIV/AIDS who together have developed a strategic plan that will work towards reduction of HIV/AIDS in the district up to the year 2005 and beyond. The strategic plan will broadly involve advocacy and prevention, treatment of STIs, care and support for the infected and affected. 21 2.4.4 Gender Inequality Meaningful and accelerated development growth can better be realized if both men and women are involved in the contribution to production of goods and services Women contribution is very crucial for poverty reduction. The number of registered women groups by division and membership are shown in Table 2.4 Table 2.4 Number of Registered Women Groups by Division Division No. of Women Groups Membership Kapsabet 443 8,860 Kipkaren 1.99 4,179 Kabiyet 175 4,200 Kosirai 201 3,618 Kilibwoni 171 3,933 Nandi Hills 177 3,540 Tindiret 150 3,000 Aldai 336 6,720 Kaptumo 237 4,740 Total 2,089 42,790 Source: District Social Development Office, Kapsabet - 2001 These groups provide a channel for outreach activities as well as providing supportive environment for women awareness. Some of these groups have assisted their members to start income generating activities in an effort to reduce poverty. Women, who in most cases are home makers in Nandi District should be involved in the ownership and control of properties especially land during the Plan period so that their potential is fully utilized in the district’s effort to reduce poverty which affects most of them. About 23 per cent of households in the district are female-headed and these are the worst affected by poverty. There are disparities in the provision of education to girls. Though the sex ratio is 1:1, this does not reflect in the enrolment in education institutions especially secondary schools where there are only 6,824 girls enrolled in secondary schools against 7,559 for boys (2001). In this Plan period, efforts will be made for more women to have access and ownership to property, and financial and non-fmancial banking institutions will also be encouraged to extend credit facilities to women either individually or through groups. Advocacy for removal of socio-cultural barriers that prohibit women from either participating in development activities or owning properties or having freedom to make decisions should be intensified by stakeholders so that women and men can equally contribute to the welfare of the family/community. Partnership in development should be enhanced during the plan period. Already financial institutions such as Kenya Women Finance Trust and Wedco have moved into the district with a deliberate bias to empower ^vomen financially so as to uplift their social status. It is believed that the only sure way of improving the status! of women in the district is to give them equal bargaining power with their me’ 22 counterparts. Secondly, social amenities purposely targeting women such as provision of safe potable drinking water within accessible limits should be provided to minimize the time spent by women fetching water. This saved time can be utilized to improve their economic well-being. Organizations such as Maendeleo Ya Wanawake and National Council of Women of Kenya have launched vigorous campaigns in the district aimed at making women aggressive for their rights. Idleness was identified during the PRSP consultations as one cause of poverty especially among the men. To participate fully in economic growth poor men will be educated and encouraged to form self help groups in order to access grants. 2.4.5 Disaster Management Nandi District like other districts is vulnerable to various forms of disasters. These disasters are'a major challenge to development because they can adversely affect the gains made in development over the years. The major disasters in the district are floods, landslides and forest fires. Others are disease outbreaks like malaria, typhoid and HIV/AIDS. The district is also prone to hailstorms, armyworms and accidents. The El-Nino phenomena of 1997 adversely affected the physical infrastructure sector, particularly in the road Sub-sector, where some sections of the district were completely cut off e.g. Kaptumo and Kobujoi. Most bridges and water projects were also damaged during this period. The agricultural sub-sector has also suffered from hailstorms, which in the recent past has destroyed both the food crop and the cash crops. Areas prone to hail storms are in Kaptumo and Aldai Divisions. The frost of 1999 adversely affected the tea industry. This reversed the gains achieved by the sector and led to redundancy, which economically affected a large number of both casual and permanent employees of the tea sector in Nandi Hills, Kapsabet and Kabiyet Divisions. Armyworms have threatened maize production in the district. In 2001, 650 ha. of maize in Kobujoi, Kosirai and Kabiyet Divisions suffered from army worms attack. The district however, responded fast. There are currently 16 pumps at hand for fighting armyworms. There are also standby chemicals held by the Ministry of Agriculture in the event of an outbreak. In Tinderet Division, about fifty families were affected by landslide in year 2000. These families had settled on steep sloppy land prone to landslides. These victims of landslide have since been re-located. Due to threats posed by the above-mentioned disasters, the district has formed a Disaster Management Committee to help in prevention and management of disasters. The committee, which is expected to report to the National Disaster Management Committee, has widened its scope to include environmental management so as to address the issue of deforestation, which is a looming disaster that can, if not checked, lead to desertification. This committee has identified 23 Tinderet as an area prone to landslide and has proposed to the Provincial Administration to identify land for re-settlement. The-District Disaster Management Committee is also addressing HIV/AIDS, which has been declared a national disaster. The district HIV/AIDS control committee has put in place programmes to help curb the spread of HIV/AIDS and its adverse effect on the economy. Another very important area that the District Disaster Management Committee identified for attention is school fire. With recent student misbehaviour where a number of them have set their school dormitories on fire resulting in death of innocent students, there is need to take precautions. Similarly forest' fires are a menace during the dry spell. Though Nandi District cannot be said to be dry at any given time, measures have been put in place to address forest fire outbreaks. Other areas, which the committee addresses, include security and disease outbreaks. The District Disaster Management Committee draws membership from a cross section of sectors in the district and as such it is able to co-ordinate it’s activities efficiently. Where the disaster is beyond the district’s ability to handle, the National Disaster Management Committee is to mobilize national resources and come to its assistance. 2.4.6 Environmental Conservation and Management The problem of environmental degradation has been accentuated because the supply of land is inelastic and with increasing population, pressure will be put on the available land. Already forestland is being encroached by the landless. This is likely to affect both the climate and water sources w ith obvious result of desertification. The PRSP report identified landlessness as a major cause of poverty and if the plan has to address the issue of poverty resulting from landlessness then it will have to balance between settling the landless and maintaining a perfect balance of the environment. Nandi district has a total fores: reserve of 56,019 ha., which need to be protected. The same reserve is threatened by settlement of families trans­ located from Tindiret site of landslide. Settlement on land with more than 55° slope will have to be discouraged because this creates both land degradation due to erosion and secondly, massive landslides are prone to such .areas. There are currentlv over 400 families that are wailing to be settled in the district Care will therefore have to be exercised to avoid huge excision of forestland. Re-forestation will have to be stepped up including encouraging pro ate nurseries. The noble non-resident ial cultivation system popularly known as the "shamba system" a strategy which the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources has adopted to step up re-forestation efforts by ensuring survival of replanted trees has suffered set backs in some places especially the Kimondo .area where allottees oi such shambas have deliberatelv thwarted the regeneration efforts purposely to remain on the shambas for a little longer time. Encroachment on swampy areas in some places is adversely affecting biodiversity with obvious threat to the eco­ system. The District Environmental Management Committee has identified these problems and has set up measures to combat environmental degradations. CHAPTER THREE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES 3.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter highlights the vision and mission of various sectors, the district response to the vision and mission, importance of the sectors and the role of stakeholders in the sectors. It also identifies sectoral priorities, constraints and strategies and indicates the projects and programmes that will be implemented during the plan period. Nandi District is predominantly an agricultural district where 90 per cent of the activities are agriculturally oriented. The strategies developed in this chapter for poverty reduction put emphasis on agricultural development. Strategies have also been set for other sectors, which have direct linkages with Agriculture and Rural Development. These include Physical Infrastructure, Human Resource Development and Public Administration, Safety. Law and Order. Under Tourism, Trade and Industry agro-based industries have been highlighted. The chapter has also underscored the importance of Information Communication Technology in the district in enhancing economic activities. 3.1 AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 3.1.1 Sector Vision and Mission The vision of the sector is “sustainable and equitable rural development for all” while the “mission is to contribute to poverty reduction through the promotion of food security, agro-industrial development, trade, water supply, rural employment and sustainable utilization of the natural resources”. 3.1.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission The district will, during this plan period, attempt to provide adequate water and to reduce distance to water sources thereby saving time for income generating activities. In order to improve the health status of the population engaged in the sector, the district will strive to increase food production and potable water supplies. This will be achieved by reducing the current average distance to nearest potable water point as well as increasing total area under food crops. Effort will be made to increase the acreage under cash crops and as a result expand rural agricultural employment. The district will also strive to conserve the environment for maximum sustainable development. 3.1.3 Importance of the Sector in the District Agriculture and Rural Development Sector is the backbone of the district economy. Over 90 per cent of the district population is engaged in this sector. The sector contributes over 52 per cent of household income. It has the largest work force of 325,000 people and the highest potential for investment, and high-income generation and therefore, poverty reduction. The sector has strong linkage with other sectors. The main food crops cultivated are maize; beans, Irish potatoes, sorghum and millet while the main cash crops are tea, coffee, sugarcane and pyrethrum. The livestock sub-sector employs over 93,552 people. The main livestock breeds include zebu cattle, dairy cattle, sheep, goats and poultry. 27 3.1.4 Role of Stakeholders S - S sec: r Pri: ri o es. C1 ~ : 2 2.2 22 2 S 2-2 2 $JiiS«'?/r .-*•*.* . i.'.'z SmtfeEitr" rW4.K.rior i~ ~'O — ’LL -. controi. O’ rc -t c: RW’'.'.’ dsi-A-rc o?:.. u>a.- ■3k'hnvn:> arc;> ontro o’ Ar'rxvt’onnv'V. o • C.'iXlir'.vx 0- —.3:'.'..’.V’V" 0 "3t? Water department, Local Puolic Works (for ease of c0"?™™ntenance of law and order as we 1 as tn development 58 5 CHAPTER FOUR IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4.0 introduction This chapter focuses on Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) of projects and programmes set out in chapter three. The purpose of M and E is to ensure that implementation of these projects and programmes is on schedule while ensuring that the original objectives of the projects are realized. The chapter further presents an institutional framework that will be adapted to carryout the M and E thus ensuring the involvement of all stakeholders in the exercise. An Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation matrix is provided presenting the perfonnance indicators to be used in evaluating the achievements of the implementation works. 4 1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEM, IN THE DISTRICT To increase the spectrum of participation in the implementation of this plan, the implementation framework will bring on board all the stakeholders in development. There will be consultations and networking to maximize and ensure maximum returns to the beneficiaries. At the community (village, locational, sub locational) level, the beneficiaries will be involved in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation process through the project committees and the local Community Based Organizations (CBOs). These local level structures will be strengthened to take up this responsibility effectively. For projects/programme sustainability each project will be required to • have an implementation and M & E committee. At the divisional level, the Divisional Monitoring and Evaluation Committee (Div. M. & EC) composed of the Divisional Departmental Heads, the Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) the divisional level CBOs and the District Office will play a leading role in the M & E process. Involvement of all stakeholders at this level will be ensured. At the District level, M & E participants will be the District Commissioner, NGOs representatives, Local authorities, churches, parastatals and other stakeholders. District Monitoring and Evaluation committee (DMEC) will be involved in the M & E of projects. The District Information and Documentation Centre (DIDC) will process data and reports into the form that can be easily understood. This calls for revamping of the DIDCs to be able to take up this role effectively and efficiently. 4.2 IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION MATRIX The following is an implementation, monitoring an evaluation matrix by sectors indicating the roles and responsibility of stakeholders and implementing agencies in every project including the monitoring indicators to be used. 61 4.2.1 Agriculture & Rural Development I Project Name Costs Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakeholder Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Tea To be 2002- Increase tea Annual KTGA; Supervision and Production determiner 2005 production reports; KTDA. Extension (Tons)and Tea cess services by the hectares. remittance. GOK, KTCA and KTDA. 1 Lake Basin To be 2002- Improved Farm DALEO. GOK to provide Environmental determined 2005 agricultural management supervisory and Management production in reports; extension Programme the focus areas; DMEC services. (LVEMP) Proper land use. reports. 1 Horticultural To be 2002- Increased Production DALEO Transfer of Development determined 2004 production of reports; Farmers. technology horticultural DMEC To be dorfe by products. reports. Research Institutions; Adoption by farmers and private Sector to facilitate in marketing. 1 Tea Factory 50 M. 2003- Tea factory Field visits; KTGA; Funding, 2005 constructed. DMEC KTDA. construction., by reports. KTDA. 1 New Coffee 40 M. 2003- Coffee factories Field visits; DALEO; Factory Factories in 2008 constructed in DMEC CBK. Construction by Aldai, the 4 divisions reports; farmers and Kobujoi, Total tonnage of DDC/DEC CBK. Nandi Hills coffee minutes. and Tindiret processed daily. 1 Sugar Factory 15 M. 2004- Sugar factory Site MOARD; Construction of 2006 constructed. inspection. KSA; factory by Reports to Private sector. farmers and DEC/DDC; GOK; DDC/DEC Growing cane by minutes. farmers.. 1 Tomato 5 M. 2004- Factory built, Field reports; Farmers Construction of Processing 2005 total kgs of DC/D1C Private sector. factory by Factory tomatoes reports; farmers or private processed daily. Site sector. inspection. 1 Acquisition of To be 2003 Total acreage of Field visits; KMC; KMC/GOK to Land for Tea determined land acquired; Council GOK; provide; Planting Total acreage of reports; Community. LATF. tea DDC report s/minutc s. I National To be 2002- Improved Annual DALEO. GOK to provide Agricultural determined 2005 agricultural reports; supervisory and and Livestock production in DMEC extension Extension the focus areas; reports; services; Programme Proper land use. Monthly NGOs, Donors (NALEP) reports to and other partners DEC/DDC. to supplement in funding and .. capacity building. 62 Sheep and 2 M. 2002- Improved local Field reports; DLPO Extension2008 stock; Field services to beGoat Multiplication Number of inspection provided by farmers with reports; GOK; Private high breed Interviews to sector and stock. farmers. farmers to provide market and facilitate in technology transfer._________ "MilF” 15 M. 2003- Processor Field reports; DLPO; Technical service Processing and 2006 constructed; Site Private sector. by GOK; Packaging No. of farmers inspection Funding by Plant selling their reports; farmers, donors milk; DDC/DEC and private Quantity of minutes. sector. milk sold. Livestock Feed 10 M. 2004- Livestock feed Field reports; Private sector. Purchase and Mill 2008 mill Site inspection installation ofconstructed. reports; feed mill by DDC/DEC private sector. minutes. Layer and 10 M. 2002- Hatchery built; Site inspection Private sector; Establishment of Broiler 2008 No. of farmers reports; DLPO; hatchery by Production being served. Interview with NGO. private sector, farmers; NGOs and Field reports. farmers. Rabies Control 3 M. 2002- Percentage of Reports to DVO and ; Extension 2008 rabies infection DDC/DEC; Private sector. services by GOK; cases reduced; Reports from Private sector to No. of dogs the Vet. participate in vaccinated Officer; service delivery. against rabies. Interviews with dog owners. Hides & Skins 3 M. 2002- No. of hides and Site inspection DVO and Extension Improvement 2008 skins treated; reports; Private Sector. services by GOK; Project Treatment Field reports Private sector to facility in place. from vet. participate in Offices; service delivery. DDC/DEC minutes Disease and 4 M. 2002- Livestock Field reports; DVO and Extension Pest Control 2008 disease Interview with Private Sector. services by GOK; incidences farmers; Private sector to reduced; DDC/DEC participate in No. of animals minutes. service delivery. treated; No. of farmers who benefited. Foot and 4 M. 2002- No of reduction Interviews DVO and Extension Mouth Disease 2008 of foot and with Private Sector. services by GOK; Control mouth disease; beneficiary Private sector to No. of animals farmers; participate in vaccinated;. Reports from service delivery. No increased of vet. officer to tick free DDC/DEC. livestock increased.______ 63 Tick Control 4 M. 2002- Percentage of Reports from DVO and Extension 2008' tick free the veterinary Private Sector' services by GOK livestock office; and Private sector increased; Interviews to participate in Number of dips with fanners; service delivery. in the district; DDC/DEC No. of farmers minutes. who will benefit. Veterinary 4 M. 2002- No. of animals Veterinary DVO and Extension Clinical 2008 treated Clinical office reports; Private sector. services by GOK; Services Service centres Field reports; Private sector to in place; DDC/DEC participate in No. of farmers minutes. service delivery. who will benefit. Honey and 5 M. 2004- Factory Field reports; . DLPO Technical Wax Refinery 2006 constructed; DDC/DIC services to be Increased reports; provided by revenue to Site GOK; NGOs, farmers.' inspection. Donors to supplement in funding. Land 2 M. 2003- No. of title Lands reports; Ministry of Technical Adjudication 2006 deeds issued; Survey Maps Lands and services by GOK; and Acreage of land drawn; Settlement. Private sector. Settlement demarcated. DEC/DDC reports. Mapping and 2 M. 2002- No. of Lands reports; Ministry of Technical Adjudication 208 Demarcated Field tour Lands & services by GOK farms; reports; Settlement and Private No. of title DEC/DDC sector. deeds issued; reports; Amount of Site inspection revenue report; collected Survey maps drawn. Kapsabet 20 M. 2002- Number of HH Water Board DWO Funding, Water Supply 2008 covered by - Committee Operation, Municipal reports; Maintenance, and Water Supply; Departmental Labour by the No. of water reports; community. connections Reports frorh increased; Municipal Revenue from residents; water. Site inspection reports. Nandi Hills 6 M. 2002- Sufficient water Water Board DWO Funding, Water Project 2005 supply; reports; Operation, Number Departmental Maintenance, and covered by reports; Labour by the town water DDC/DEC community. supply; minutes; No. of new Site inspection connections. reports. Lessos Water 8.0 M. 2002- Electricity Site inspection DWO; Design and Project 2008 connected to the reports; Community; supervision by intake; Field reports; NGO. DWO; Distribution Departmental Community to network reports provide some installed. to DEC/DDC; funds and labour; DDC/DEC Donors and minutes. NGOs to provide funds. 64 Lclmokwo/ I0M. 2001- No. of HH with Departmental DWO; Design and Kosirai Water 2005 new water site reports; Community; supervision by Project connections; DDC/DEC NGOs. DWO;Km of pipes minutes; Community to laid. Site inspection provide some reports. funds and labour; Donors and NGOs to provide funds.__________ Chemase 20 M. • 2002- Gravity line Site inspection DWO; Design and Water Project 2008 built; reports; Community; supervision by Weir Field reports; NGOs. DWO; constructed; Departmental Community to Tanks and reports to provide some distribution DEC/DDC; funds and labour; lines DDC/DEC Donors and constructed. minutes. NGOs to provide some funds._____ Spring 5 M. 2002- 100 springs Site DWO; Design and Protection 2008 protected and inspections DPHO; construction by constructed reports; Community. DWO; No. of HH Field Reports; Water quality which will DDC/DEC testing; benefit. Minutes; Supervision by Distance to the Interview with DWO and nearest water beneficiaries. community to point reduced. provide labour and materials. Roof 5 M. 2002- No. of roof Site DWO; Technical Catchments 2008 catchments inspections; DPHO; services and Programme systems Field Reports; Community. supervision by installed. DDC/DEC DWO; Minutes; Installation and Interview with labour by beneficiaries. Community. Shallow Wells ■ 2 M. 2002- No. of wells Site DWO; Technical 2008 sunk. inspections; Community; services and Field Reports; NGO. supervision by DDC/DEC DWO; Minutes? Labour and Interview with funding by beneficiaries. Community, NGOs and GOK. Investigation, 2.5 M. 2002- No. of non-fuel Designs and DWO; Technical Planning and 2007 powered water drawings from NGO; services by Design supplies DWO; Community. DWO; identified. Departmental Funding by reports to Community, DEC/DDC; NGOs and DDC/DEC Donors. minutes. Rehabilitation 20 M. 2002- No. of existing Departmental DWO; Provision of of Existing 2008 water supplies quarterly Community. technical service; Water Supply rehabilitated; reports; Funding Projects No. of HH with Reports to (GOK/Donor); new DEC/DDC; Unskilled labour connections; Site inspection (community). Distance to the reports; nearest water DDC/DEC point reduced. minutes. 65 Cheptil Water 5 M. 2002 Reeds removed; Site inspection DWO; •Technical service Project Power installed. reports; Local by DWO; 2003 Water Dep. Community; Funding by Reports; NGOs. NGOs; DDC/DEC Donors and minutes. GOK; Community to provide unskilled labour and materials. Sarora Water 8 M. 2003 Water supply Departmental DWO; Technical Project increased; reports; Local service; 2004 No. of HH with Site inspection community; Construction and; new water reports; NGOs. Funding by connection; DDC/DEC DWO. " Distance to minutes. nearest water point reduced. Chepkongony/ 5 M. 2002 Power Departmental DWO; DWO; Kipletito connected to the reports; Local Technical Water Project 2004 facility; Site inspection community; service; Total reports; NGOs. Construction; population DDC/DEC Funding. served. minutes. Koilot/Lessos 3 M. 2002 Power Departmental DWO DWO; Dam connected to the reports; Lands & Technical 2003 facility; Site inspection Settlement service; Total HH reports; Construction; benefiting. DDC/DEC Funding. minutes. Kimarach/ 5 M. 2002 Power Departmental DWO DWO; Kaptumo connected to the reports; Technical Water Project facility; Site inspection service; Total HH reports; Construction; benefiting. DDC/DEC Funding. minutes. Kemeloi/ 8 M. 2002 Functional Water DWO; DWO; Kobujoi Water treatment Department Community; Technical Project 2004 works; Reports; NGOs and service; Graded road. Site inspection Donors. Construction; reports; Funding. DDC/DEC minutes. Kaptumo/ 6 M. 2002 Treated water. Water DWO; DWO; Mosombor Department Community; Technical Water Project 2004 Reports; NGOs and service; Site inspection Donors. Construction; reports; Funding. DDC/DEC minutes. Lessos Water 8 M. 2003 No. of HH with Water DWO; DWO; Project new water Department Community; Technical 2005 connection; Reports; NGOs and service; Resevoir Site inspection Donors. Construction; constructed; reports; Funding. Augmented DDC/DEC water supply. minutes. Chepterwai 6 M. 2003 No. of HH with Water DWO; DWO; Water Project new water Department Community; Technical 2005 connection; Report; NGOs and service; Power Site inspection Donors. Construction; connected to the reports; Funding. facility. DDC/DEC minutes. 66 Indigenous To be 2002- Hectares of Forest reports; Forestry DWO; Forest determined 2008 conserved Site inspection department Raising of seedlings Conservation forest; reports; (DFO); by fanners and DFO; No. of DDC/DEC ICRAF; DFO to sensitise seedlings minutes. NALEP. community and; raised. Technical services by DFO. Establishment To be 2002- No. of Ha. DECO reports; Forestry Raising of seedlings of Industrial determined 2008 under Forest reports; department by farmers and DFO; Plantations industrial Barazas. (DFO); Sensitising forests; ICRAF; community; No. of NALEP. Technical services seedlings by DFO. raised annually. Farm Forestry To be 2002- No. of families Forest reports; Forestry Raising of seedlings determined 2008 with forests; Chiefs department by farmers and DFO; No. of tree barazas. (DFO); Sensitising seedlings ICRAF; community and produced. NALEP. Technical services by DFO. Environmental To be 2002- EIA study EIA reports. DECO; Assessing Impact determined 2007 carried out and NGOs. destruction Assessment in place. caused to environment by pollution and encroachment (to be done by GOK and Private sector). Environmental To be 2002- No. of Reports on DECO; Sensitisation by Management determined 2008 Training environmental DFO. DFO; sessions on management; Protection of environment DDC/DEC environment by management; minutes. Community and No. of Private Sector. awareness creation campaign sessions held. Regulation of To be 2002- Area under DECO reports; MOENR; Involvement of Environmental determined 008 afforestation; Forest reports; NGO; community in Management Plans Forest Community. utilization of produced on newsletter. resources and their environmental management. management; Balance between harvesting and re- afforestration attained. Demonstration 0.5 M. 2002- No. of Field reports; District Establishing a pond Pond and 2003 demonstration Departmental Fisheries; to train farmers on Nursery ponds reports; Office (DFO) fish farming (by constructed; DDC/DEC Fish farmers. GOK). Fingerlings minutes; produced. Site inspection reports. 67 Fish Pond To be 2002- No. of fish Field reports; District DFO to provide Development determined 2008 ponds Departmental Fisheries; technical services. constructed; reports; Office (DFO) No. of fish DDC/DEC Fish fanners. farmers minutes; trained. Site inspection reports. Dam Fisheries To be 2002- Number of Field reports; District Fisheries Department Development determined 2008 dams Departmental Fisheries; to give technical constructed; reports; Office (DFO); advice and provide Quantity of Site inspection Fish farmers. fingerlings; fish harvested; reports; Fish farmers to adopt No. of fanners DEC/DDC the technology. introduced to minutes; fish farming. Interviews. Riverine To be 2002- No. of rivers Field reports; District Fisheries Department Fisheries determined 2008 stocked with Departmental Fisheries; to give technical fish. reports; Office (DFO); advice and provide Site inspection Fish fanners. fingerlings; reports; Fish farmers to-adopt DEC/DDC the technology. minutes; Interviews. Fish Farmers To be 2002- No. of fish Field reports; District Fisheries Department Inventory determined 2004 fanners. Interviews. Fisheries; to carry out head Office (DFO); count of fish farmers Fish farmers. and the number of fishponds, dams and rivers with fish. Purchase of To be 2002 No. of fishing Field reports; GOK; Fisheries Department Fishing Nets determined nets bought; Interviews. Donors; to provide the No. of farmers NGOs. equipment for fish provided with harvesting and the fishing demonstration; nets. GOK to provide funding. Co-operative To be 2002- Building Field reports; District District Works Office Block determined 2003 completed. Site visits; Co-operative Office provide Contract award Office. technical advice. documents. 4.2.2 Physical Infrastructure Project Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Name Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Awasi- Cost to be Road Site Ministry of Provision of funds Kimwani- determined 2002 bituminised inspection Roads and and supervision by Timboroa to reports; Public Works. GOK; Road completion; Departmental NGOs and Donor to Volume of reports; fund. vehicles DDC/DEC using the minutes. road. Tereno and Cost to be 2002- Bridge Site Ministry of Provision of funds Keburo determined 2003 completed; inspection Roads and and supervision by Bridge Volume on reports; Public Works. GOK; the road. Departmental NGOs and Donors to reports; fund. DDC/DEC minutes. 68 Serem- Cost to be 2002 - Road Site Ministry of Provision of funds Kipsigak determined 2008 bituminised inspection Roads and and supervision by Road D291 to reports; Public Works. GOK; completion; Field reports; NGOs and Donors to Volume of DEC/DDC fund. vehicles minutes. using the road. Mosoriot- Cost to be Completi Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Chepterwai determined on date constructed Site Roads and and supervision by D289/D297, 2006 to inspection Public Works GOK; D300 completion; reports; NGOs and Donors to Volume of Departmental fund. vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. Simat- Cost to be Completi Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Cheptenvai determined on date constructed Site Roads & Public and supervision by Road D2SS 2006 to inspection Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors to Volume of Departmental fund. vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. Chepterit- Cost to be 2002- Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Baraton determined 2007 constructed Site Roads and and supervision by Road C37 to inspection Public Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors. No. of Departmental vehicles quarterly/annu using road. al reports; DEC/DDC reports. Chebarbar- Cost to be 2002 Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Nabkoi Road determined constructed Site Roads & Public and supervision by C36 to inspection Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors. No of Departmental vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. Kibiok- Cost to be 2002- Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Nandi Hills determined 2004 constructed Site Roads and and supervision by Road D294 to inspection Public Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors. No of Departmental vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. Arwos-Nandi Cost to be 2002- Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Hills Road determined 2006 constructed Site Roads and and supervision by E284 to inspection Public Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors. No of Departmental vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. 69 Mlango- Cost to be 2002- Road Field reports; Ministry of Provision of funds Shiru Road determined 2008 constructed Site Roads & Public and supervision by C39 to inspection Works GOK; completion; reports; NGOs and Donors. No of Departmental vehicles quarterly/annu using the al reports; road. DEC/DDC reports. Nabkoi- Cost to be 2002- Road Field reports; DWO; Provision of funds Lessos- determined 2004 bituminised Site Private Sector; and supervision by Kapsabet to inspection Farmers; GOK; Road and completion; reports; Industrialist. NGOs and Donors. Kibiok - Volume of Departmental Nandi Hills vehicles quarterly/annu Road (D294) using the al reports; road; DEC/DDC reports. Kapsabet- Cost to be 2002- Number of Field visits; DWO; Provision of funds Kapngetich determined 2004 km. Field reports; Private Sector; and supervision by (039) Road maintained DEC/DDC Fanners; GOK; and in good minutes. Industrialist. NGOs and Donors. condition; Volume of vehicles using the road. Chebarbar 2.3 M. 2002 Bridge Field reports; DWO; Provision of funds Bridge Road repaired; DEC/DDC Private Sector; and supervision by Volume of minutes. Farmers; GOK; vehicles Industrialist. NGOs and Donors. using the road. Constituency 20 M. 2002- No. of roads DWO; Provision of funds Roads 2008 maintained; Private Sector; and supervision by Maintenance Farmers; GOK; funds used. Industrialist. NGOs and Donors. Road Tarmac 1.44 2003 No. of km. Field reports; KMC; Provision of King Million tarmacked; Site Community. technical services by Volume of inspection; KMC/GOK; vehicles Reports to Providing funds by using the DDC/DEC GOK, Donors etc. road. minutes. Purchase of To be 2003- No. of Field reports; GOK; Fisheries Motor Bikes determined. 2004 Motor bikes Interviews. Donor; Department to and Moto**r bought; NGOs. provide extension Vehicles ' No. of services. Motor vehicles bought. Local 32.6 M. 2002- Sewerage Field visits; Kapsabet Provide funds and Authority 2008 works DEC/DDC Municipal technical services by Kapsabet completed. minutes; Council. KMC. Sewerage Field reports. Project L.A.T.F. 0.564 M. 2002- No. of new Field reports; KMC; KMC/GOK to Building 2008 offices built DEC/DDC GOK; provide funds; and minutes; Community. LATF. furnished; Council No. of staff minutes. accommodat ed. 70 Completion To be 2003- Houses KMC Council KMC and KMC/GOK to of 'determined. 2006 completed; reports; Community. provide LATF Residential No. of staff DEC/DDC Houses accommodat reports; ed. Site visits; Field reports. Purchase of To be 2003 Total acreage KMC KMC and; Identification and Freehold determined. of land minutes; Community. purchase of land by Land purchased; Reports to KMC; No. of plans DEC/DDC; Approval of maps presented for Survey maps; for development by development. Site GOK. inspection. Street To be 2003 Street lights Contracts KMC KMC to provide Lighting determined. installed; award funding. Frequency of document; thuggery Council cases on the reports; streets. • DEC/DDC reports. Rural To be 2002- 20 major DDC/DEC Ministry of KPLC to provide Electrificatio determined. 2008 schemes reports; Energy; technical services; n connected KP&L Donor; Community, NGOs No. ofHH reports; KPLC. and Donors to with new Site provide funds. electricity inspection; connections; Interviews Total area with covered by beneficiaries. the programme. Hydro Power To be 200- At least-one Progress Ministry of KPLC to provide Generation determined. 2008 hydro power reports to Energy technical services; plant site DEC/DDC; Donor; Community, NGOs identified; Field visits. KPLC and Donors to Plans in provide funds. place to exploit potential. 4.2.3 Tourism Trade and Industry Project Name Costs Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementin Stakeholders Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools g Agency Responsibilities Business and To be 2002- No. of training Business GOK/CBS/B NGOs and Donors to Industrial Skills determined 2008 sessions; reports by DS complement the efforts Development Amount of DTDO; of GOK. loans held; Joint Loans No. of new Board businesses reports. started. No. of promotional institutions in place. Business To be 2002- Business skills Business GOK/BDS DTDO to help in the Counselling determined 2008 improved; reports; training of more No. of new DTDO counsellors. businesses reports. started. 71 Trade, Finance 11,287,000 2002- No. of Business GOK/NGOs NGOs and Donors to ■ and Joint Loan 2008 businesses reports; MFI and complement the efforts Board financed; DTDO Commercial of GOK through No. of new reports; Banks. financing and businesses DDC/DEC assisting the started; reports; community to develop Total loans Interviews their capacities. advanced. with beneficiaries. Export To be 2002 — Volume of Business DTDO; DDS to disseminate the Promotion determined 2008 export; reports; DIDO, information to the Amount of Export Farmers and relevant people and More export figures. Private create forums where oriented goods sector. government can reach produced; the business No. of new community; products Farmers to take developed; No. advantage. of new market destinations identified. Extension and 0.313 M. 2002 No. of markets KMC KMC KMC/GOK to provide expansion of 2008 extended; Council Community. LATF. Markets No. of traders reports; occupying the DEC/DDC markets. reports; DMEC tours. Industrial To be 2002- No. of Seminar DIDO; DIDO to provide Promotion determined 2008 sensitisation reports; Private technical Services; campaigns Industrial Sector. Private sector to held; registration facilitate in marketing No. of people reports. and funding. in the manufacturing sector; No. of new businesses started. Industrial To be 2002- No. of Industrial GOK Government to provide Registration determined 2008 industries registration the services. registered. reports. Business To be 2002- Number of District DTDO; Technical services to Premises determined 2008 tribunal cases Trade DIDO; be provided by DTDO, Tribunal sorted out. Development Business DIDO; reports; community; Private sector to Business Industrialists. contribute funding. reports. Weight, To be 2002- No. of weights Departmenta GOK GOK to sensitise, Measures & determined 2008 and measures 1 reports. establish; Standards inspected. Value Standards, and enforce standards. Marketing To be 2002- Volume of Tourism GQK/Other Marketing the. Industry Tourist determined 2008 tourism marketing Tourism by private sector and Products products sold; report; entrepreneurs. GOK. Extent of KWS report; tourism product DEC/DDC diversification. reports. 72 Promotion of To be 2002- No. of people Reports; KMC; KMC, DTDO, KWS Investment and ‘ determined 2005 trained on DDC/DEC DTDO; and DIDO to provide Tourism business minutes; KWS; technical services; management; Interviews. DIDO. NGOs, Donors to No. of tourist supplement funding. attractions and destinations; No. of business promotions institutions in the district. Bonjoge Game 50 M. 2002- Kms. of fence KWS KWS; GOK, CCN, KWS; Park 2003 finished; reports; Private sector Bonjoge Community to No. of stalls for CCN reports; and cost share. business DEC/DDC Community. completed; reports; No. of Trees Field reports; planted; Site Kms. of Road inspections. graded. Kingwal 3 M. 2003- The swamp NCC reports; KWS, CCN; KWS, CCN to provide Swamp 2004 developed and KWS Private Sector. funds tourists touring quarterly Technical support; it; reports. Private sector to No. of tourists contribute in funding. visiting it. Cheptilil Water 5 M. 2002- Gate KWS KWS, CCN; Develop the site as a Falls 2003 constructed; reports; Private Sector. tourist attraction. Resort centre in NCC reports; place; Field visits; Revenue DDC/DEC collected at the minutes. gate. Promotion of To be 2002- No. of people Reports; KMC; KMC, DTDO, KWS Investment and determined 2005 trained on DDC/DEC DTDO; and DIDO to provide Tourism business minutes; KWS; technical services; management; Interviews DIDO. NGOs, Donors to No. of tourist supplement funding. attractions and destinations; No. of business promotion institutions in the district. 4.2.4 Human Resource Development Project Costs Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Name Kshs. Frame indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Residential 10 M. 2003- Houses completed Tender MOH. GOK, Donors Staff 2006 and handed over; committee and NGOs to Houses, No. of staff reports; provide funding; Kapsabet accommodated. MOH reports; Technical District DDC/DEC services and Hospital minutes. supervision by GOK. 73 Residential 3 M. 2003- Staff houses Tender MOH; Funding by * Houses - 2006 completed and committee Ministry of GOK, Donors, Chepterwai handed over. reports; Roads and NGOs and Sub-District No. of staff MOH reports; Public Works. Community; Hospital accommodated. DDC/DEC Technical minutes. services and Supervision by GOK. vscu 50 M. 2002- VSCU theatre MOH reports MOH Funding by Kapsabet 2008 completed and District tender Public Works. GOK, Donors, District handed over; committee NGOs and Hospital No. of patients reports; Community; attended to in the DDC/DEC Technical theatre. report. services and supervision by GOK. Nandi Hills 10 M. 2002- The maternity MOH reports MOH Funding by Sub-District 2004 ward, boreholes District tender Public Works. GOK, Donors, Hospital and in-patient committee NGOs and units completed reports; Community; and handed over. DDC/DEC Technical report. services and supervision by GOK. Chepterwai 20 M. 2002- Theatre District tender MOH Funding by Sub-District 2003 completed; committee WORKS GOK, Donors, Hospital Hospital facilities reports; Community. NGOs and expanded. DDC/DEC Community; report. Technical services and supervision by GOK. Renovation 40 M. 2003- Health Centres District tender MOH; Public Funding by of Kaptumo, 2006 renovated committee Works. GOK, Donors, Kabiyet, Water provided reports; NGOs and Chemase, Electricity DDC/DEC Community; Kapkangani, supplied report. Technical Kemeloi services and Health supervision by Centres GOK. Construct 10 M. 2005- The two Tender award MOH; Funding by New 2008 dispensaries documents; Public Works. GOK, Donors, Dispensaries constructed; DDC/DEC NGOs and at No. of patients minutes; Community; Chemursoi, attending the Field reports; Technical Chepkumia dispensaries. Field services and inspection supervision by reports. GOK. Mortuary - 7M. 2002- Mortuary built Tender award "MOH; GOK to provide Kapsabet 2003 and handed over; documents; Public Works' funds and District 16 bodies DDC/DEC DHMT. supervision; Hospital preserved in the minutes; DHMT to mortuary. Field reports; supervise and Field manage inspection. facilitates; NGOs and Donors to supplement in funding. 74 jn-patient at 10 M. 2002- Dispensaries built Tender award MOH; GOK to provide Kibwareng, 2004 and handed over documents; ’ublic Works funds and Kipsamoite, No. of patients DDC/DEC Community supervision; Chepkemel received. minutes; DHMT to Dispensaries Field reports; supervise and Field manage inspection. facilitates; NGOs and Donors to supplement in funding. Kapsabet 16 M. 2002- Borehole sunk; Tender award MOH; Public Funding and District 2003 Maternity wing documents; Works; technical Hospital constructed; DDC/DEC Community. services by In-patient wing minutes; GOK; and kitchen Field reports; NGOs/Donors renovated. Field to supplement inspection. funding; Community to cost share. Nutrition 2.4 M. 2002- Malnutrition Public Health MOH; Extension Campaign 008 reduced; reports; NGOs; services by Other nutrition Nutritional CBOs and MOH, NGOs related diseases survey Churches. and Donors as minimized; reports; well as provide Improved healths. DDC/DEC finding. minutes. Primary 16 M. 2002- Reduction in MOH reports; MOH; GOK to provide Health Care 2008 diseases; DDC/DEC NGOS and training and Clean minutes. CBOS. technical environment. services; Donors, NGOs to provide funding and capacity building at Community level. HIV/AIDS 30 M. 2002- Reduction in DACC DACC. Advocacy Campaign 2008 HIV/AIDS reports; Education prevalence; NACC support by Change in sex reports. GOK, NGOs habits. and Donors. Stephen 7 M. 2002- Teachers houses DEO reports; DEO; Technical Kostiany 2005 completed; BOG reports BOG/PTA. service Girls Dining hall funding and Secondary completed. supervision by School GOK; NGOs, and Community donors to supplement funding. Eisero 6.5 M. 2002- Completed DEO reports; DEO Secondary Technical2004 administration BOG reports; School BOG/PTA serviceblock. Tender award Funding and documents. supervision by GOK; NGOs, and Community donors to supplement funding. 75 Training and To be 2002- No. of members DCO annual District Co­ DCO facilitate. Management determined. 2004 and officials reports; operative Office. trained. Field reports; DDC/DEC minutes. Serem 40 M. with 3 M. 2002- Improved PTA/BOG; GOK, Secondary for each School. 2008 performance; MPED PTA/BOG to School Increased intake. reports; fund the (Dinning Exam results. activities; Hall); Donors and Kaptidil and NGOs to Maraba supplement Secondary funding. School (Laboratores); Kimaren Secondary School (Classrooms); Bonjoge, Clement Nyiegon, St Francis Girls Cheptarit, .Zhepkunyk, Kombe, Kapsisiywa, Tulon, Sochoi Secondary Schools. Construction 40 M. 2002- Stadium District Sports Ministry of Local KMC to provide of a National 2005 completed and Officer’s Government and land; Stadium equipped; KMC Reports; Culture, Social Funding by No. of sports DDC/DEC Services and KMC/GOK; activities minutes. Sports, Donor Donors to performed. supplement in funding. Promotion of 8 M. 2002- Viable and self DSDO reports; DSDO; Technical Women 2008 sustaining groups DDC/DEC NGOS and ; services by Groups, established. minutes. CBOS. DSDO; Youth Funding by Groups and GOK; NGOs, Self Help CBOs and other Groups donors. Construction To be 2002- Cultural Centre KMC; Kapsabet KMC to of Cultural determined. 2008 completed and Council Municipal provide funds; Centre equipped. reports; Council; Works to DCOs reports; DCO; provide DEC minutes. Works. technical skills. Cultural To be 2004 Cultural centre Field reports; KMC; Provision of Center determined. constructed. Site Community. technical inspection; services by Reports to KMC/GOK; DDC/DEC Providing minutes. funds by GOK, Donors etc. 76 4.2.5 Information Communication Technology Project Cost Time Monitoring, Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Name Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Revamping 3 M. 2002- Fully DEC& Ministry of Funding the DIDC 2004 equipped DDC Finance and Technical support DIDC; reports; Planning, provision of Operational Site NGOs, equipment by GOK DPU. inspection Churches, and other reports; Donor; development Interview Scholars partners.. with the DDO. Capacity To be 2002- No. of ICT update Private sector; Training to be done Building on determined 2008 colleges and reports. GOK. by GOK and private Information schools sectors; Technology offering ICT; GOK to provide No. of people enabling environment trained in for ICT investment. ICT. 4.2.6 Public Administration, Safety, Law and Order Project Cost Time Monitoring, Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Name Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities District 10 M. 2003 Completed and District Tender OOP; GOK to provide Headquarters equipped offices. Committee DWO. funds and reports; technical services. OOP reports. Divisional 10 M. 2003- Final touches done District tender OOP; GOK to provide Police Lines 2004 and houses handed documents; Police funds Kapsabet over. DDC/DEC department; and technical reports; DWO. services. Site inspection. Maraba 5 M. 2002- Office block built Tender OOP; GOK to provide Division 2004 and handed over. documents; Local funds Headquarters No. of departments DDC/DEC community. and technical accommodated. minutes; support. Site inspections reports. Owiro Police 6 M 2003- Police station Tender Police GOK to provide Patrol Base 2004 established and documents; department funds functioning. DDC/DEC and technical minutes; support. Site inspections reports. Kabiyet 10M. 2003- Police station Tender Police GOK to provide Police 2005 established and documents; department funds Station functioning. DDC/DEC and technical minutes; support. Site inspections reports. Kobujoi 10 M. 2004- Police station Tender Police GOK to provide Police 2006 established and documents; department funds Station functioning; DDC/DEC and technical Security beefed up. minutes; support. Site inspections reports. Kamasai 10 M. 2002- Police patrol base Tender Police GOK to provide Police 2004 complete and documents; department funds Station elevated to police DDC/DEC and Technical station.- minutes; support. Site inspections reports. 77 Kipkarren 5 M. 2005- DO’s house Tender Provincial GOK to provide Division 2007 completed; documents; Administration; funds and Headquarters Police lines built. DDC/DEC Local technical support. minutes; Community. Site inspections reports. Kaptumo 5 M. 2005- Divisional Tender Provincial GOK-to provide Divisional 2007 headquarters documents; Administration; funds Headquarters •completed and all DDC/DEC Local and technical ministries minutes; Community. support. accommodated. Site inspections reports. Courts 10 M. 2002- Two more courts Tender Judiciary GOK to provide Construction 2004 built. documents; funding DDC/DEC minutes; Site inspections reports. Resident 3 M. 2002- Judge house Tender Judiciary Provide funding Judge’s 2004 completed and documents; House handed over. DDC/DEC minutes; Site inspections reports. Develop Jua To be 2002- Site identified KMC minutes; KMC; Purchase and Kali Sites determ 2004 bought and Reports to Community. construction by ined. developed; DDC/DEC; KMC/GOK. No. of sheds LATF reports. constructed; No. of businesses started. Dumping 2003 Dumping site Field reports; KMC; Provision of Site identified and Site inspection; Community. technical services Development developed. Reports to by KMC/GOK; DDC/DEC Providing funds minutes. by GOK, Donors etc. Develop a Cost to 2003- Station built to Field reports; KMC; Provision of Fire be 2004 completion; Site inspection; Community. technical services Department/ determ No. of fire-fighting Reports to by KMC/GOK; Station ined. cases handled. DDC/DEC Providing funds minutes. by GOK, Donors etc. Botanical 2004- Botanical garden Field reports; KMC; Provision of Garden 2005 developed. Site inspection; Community. technical services Reports to by KMC/GOK; DDC/DEC Providing funds minutes. by GOK, Donors etc. *New 2.6 M. 2002 New slaughter Field visits; KMC; Provision of Slaughter house complete; Council Community. technical services House No. of animals reports; by KMC/GOK; slaughtered. DEC reports; Providing funds Site inspection. by GOK, Donors etc. tehabilitatio To be 2002- Schemes KMC reports to KMC; KMC/GOK to n and determ 2008 expanded; DDC; DWO; provide funds and Expansion ined. No. of people Field and site Community Technical service; Of getting water; visit reports. Community to Municipal No. of people with provide unskilled Water new water labour and Supply connections. materials. 78 4.3 SUMMARY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Development Indicators 2001 Present Situation 2004 (Mid-term) 2008 (End of Plan Period) Infant Mortality Rate 66/1000 55/1000 55/1000 Family Planning Acceptance 40% 50% 65% Latrine Coverage Rate 75% 82% 90% Immunization Coverage 95% 98% 100% Doctor/Patient ratios 1:80,000 66,906 62,612 HIV/AIDS incidence 13% (1999) 10.5% . 7% EDUCATION Primary schools enrolment rate 50% 70% 90% Secondary schools enrolment 22.5% 25% 28% rate Drop-out rates Secondary 13% 10% 8% Primary 15.5% 14% 12% Teacher/Pupil ratio Secondary 1:19 1:25 1:25 Primary 1:35 1:32 1:30 WATER Average distance to water point 4 km 3 km 1.5 km Percentage with access to portable water 33% 38% 45% FOOD SECURITY Maize Production 1,853,880 bags 2,048,000 bags 2,112,000 bags Beans 63,370 bags 65,000 bags 70,000 bags Milk 20 million kg 22 million kg __________ 26 million kg 79