FOREWORD The 7th Turkana District Development Plan (DDP) for the period 2002-2008 was prepared by the District Departmental Heads of various Ministries under the coordination of the District Commissioner (DC) assisted by the District Development Officer (DDO) and members of the District Planning Team. The Plan is a product of broad-based consultations among various stakeholders undertaken in each of the sixty-nine districts in the country. It has been prepared in the backdrop of the theme of the 9th National Development Plan, which is "Effective Management for Sustainable Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction". The Turkana DDP articulates medium term policies and objectives, which are further translated into short-term strategies and program~es to be implemented under the Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). The latter is part of the budgetary reforms undertaken to strengthen the linkage between policy, planning and budgeting. The Rural Planning Department of the Ministry of Finance and Planning provided the overall guidance through seminars and training workshops and was responsible for the formulation of guidelines, editing and publication of the Plan. The Plan is divided into four chapters as follows: Chapter One: Provides the background description of the district in terms of its area, administrative divisions, main physical features, settlement patterns, as well as a summary of data essential for making informed choices while planning. Chapter Two: Provides a review of the performance of the 6th Turkana District Development Plan for the period 1997-2001 and insight into the majo( development challenges and cross cutting issues to be tackled during the 2002-2008 Plan period. . . Chapter Three: Forms the core of the Plan and is prepared along the lines of the MTEF sectors. It indicates the priorities, strategies and programmes proposed to overcome the constraints identified in Chapter Two. The proposals are in line with the people's aspirations as outlined during the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper District Consultation Forums. Chapter Four: Introduces implementation, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms th for the 7 Turkana DDP. It outlines the institutional framework for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the 7-year Plan, the indicators and instruments to be used and sets out clear roles for all stakeholders. District Planning is the cornerstone of the District Focus for Rural Development Strategy (DFRD). This strategy is currently being revamped to ensure that an effective bottom up delivery system that facilitates two-way communication between the community and · development partners through the administrative hierarchy in the district as well as at the national level is established. In order for this Plan to be more effective than before, (ill) process: from selection, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. However, this requires huge investments in training and capacity building, particularly on participatory methodologies for the communities, and effective delivery of services closer to the people. In this regard, district information systems will be put in place, with District Information and Documentation Centre (DIDC) and District Planning Unit (DPU) playing a central role in the process. This will be actively pursued by the Rural Planning Department through the office of the DDO in collaboration with development partners. RURAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND PLANNING ·t I 1. ) ' (iv) TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ......................................................................................................... ( 111 ) TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... ( v) LIST OF ABREVIA TIO NS ....................................................................................... ( vii ) LIST OF TABLES/MAPS .......... : .............................................................................. (viii) CHAPTER ONE DISTRICT PROFILE 1.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1 ADMINISTRATIVE, GEOGRAPHIC AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 4 1.1.1 Administrative Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 1.1 .2 Physiographic and Natural Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6 1.1.3 Settlement Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... 7 1.2 DISTRICT FACT SHEET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 CHAPTER TWO MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES 2.0 INTRODUCTION . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . .... ... . . ... ... .. . ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. ... . .. . .. ... . . 15 2.1 OVERVIEW OF 1997 - 2001 PLAN. ... .............................................................. 15 2.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF 1997 - 2001 DEVELOPMENT PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .. 15 2.3 DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN LINKAGES WITH THE 2002 - 2008 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND OTHER POLICY PAPERS... .... ... .. .... .. . . ... 17 2.4 MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES............. 17 2.4.1 Population Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.4.2 Poverty . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. .... . . .. . .. . ... . .... .. . . . . . . . . ...... 20 2.4.3 HIV/AIDS.. ... . . ...... ........................ . .. ......................................... . .. ..... 20 2.4.4 Gender Inequality ............. .. ..................................................... :.. ..... .. 21 2.4.5 Disaster Management.... . .. .... ..... . .. .. .. .. ....... .. ........................................ 21 CHAPTER THREE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES 3.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . ... . ... . . ... . . . .. . .. . . .. .. .... .. . ... .. ... ..... . .. 25 3.1 AG RI CULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT SECTOR .. .. .... .. . . . . .. .. .. ... .. . .. . .. . .. 25 3.1 .1 Sector Vision and Mission . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . .. 25 3.1.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission . ...... .. ..... ... .. ... ... .. . . . .. . .. .... 25 3.1.3 Importance of the Sector in the District ........................ . . ...... ..... .. . . ... .. . ... . 25 3 .1.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 26 3.1.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies . . . . . .. . . . . ... .. . .... .. ....... .. .. . . . . . 26 3.1.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities . .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . .. . . ... . .. . . 27 3.1.7 Cross Sector Linkages . ..... .. .. . ..... . .. ..... ..... ...... ..... .. ................ ... ... .. .. . .... 33 3.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................... .'. 33 3.2.1 Sector Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . . ..... . .. . . . . .. 33 3.2.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ................ . ........ ... ...... .. ... 33 3.2.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .. .. .. .. ..... ............. ............ .. .. ......... 34 3.2.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector . .. . ............... ... ..................... . ....... . ..... 34 3.2.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies . . .. ....... .. . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . .. . .. . . 34 3.2.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities . . . . .. .... . ... .. ... .... ....... .... . ......... .. . .... . . . 35 3.2.7 Cross Sector Linkages ... . .... ... .. . ..... .. .... . .. ...... ... ...... .. ... . . .. ...... .... .... ... . ... 40 3.3 TOURISM TRADE AND INDUSTRY . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . ... .. . .. . .. .. . . . . . ... . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. 40 (v) 3.3.1 Sector Vision and Mission .................................................. •• • •• •• • • •• · • · · ·· 40 3.3.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ........ ........ . ....... .... ... •·· •···· 41 3.3.3 Importance of the Sector in the District ............................... .... ...... . .. •······ 41 3.3.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector .... ........................ . ............................ 41 3.3.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.3.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.3.7 Cross Sector Linkages ..... ... ............... ........ . . .................... .. ... . ... .. . ........ 42 3.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.4.1 Sector Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42 3.4.2 D_istrict Response to Sector Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.4.3 Importance of the Sector in the District .... . . ...... . ... .......... ......... ... .. . . ......... 43 3.4.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector .... ....... . . ............. ........... .... ... ...... ..... .. 43 3.4.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.4.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities ............ . . .................... .. . .. ........ . ..... . 44 3.4.7 Cross Sector Linkages . . ............................. .................. ...... ....... . .. ........ 48 3.5 INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 49 3.5.1 Sector Vision and Mission ........... . .............. ........................... ...... . . ...• .. 49 3.5.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.5.3 Importance of the Sector in the District ........... ............... ............... .......... 49 3.5.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector .. . ... .. ........... ...... . ... . ... .... .... ..... ...... .. . .. 49 3.5.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.5.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.5.7 Cross Sector Linkages .. ... ......... . .. .... .. ....... . .... . ...... . ..... ...... . .. ... . ... . ........ 50 3.6 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, SAFETY, LAW AND ORDER .. . . ... .. . . .. . ... . . . .. . .. .. . . .. 50 3.6.1 Sector Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.6.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission ....................... ..... ... .. . . . ... 51 3.6.3 Importance of the Sector in the District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3 .6.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.6.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . 51 3.6.6 Projects and Programmes, Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3.6. 7 Cross Sector Linkages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 53 CHAPTER FO.UR IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4.0 INTRODUCTION .. . ........ ..... ........ . . ........ ...................... ........ . ... .................. . 57 4.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR M&E SYSTEM IN THE DISTRICT ..... .. .... . 57 IMPLEMENTATION , MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4 2 · MATRIX .................. . . .. ......... ........ .. . . . .. ..... . ...... .. .................................... . 57 4.2.1 Agricuture and Rural Development ................................. .. .................. . 58 4.2.2 Physical Infrastructure ............. . ................. .. .............. . ..... ... ......... . ... .. . 63 4.2.3 Tourism, Trade and Industry ..................... . ............. . ... ........ . .. ........ ..... . 65 4.2.4 Human Resources Development.. ........ .... .. . .... .. ..... . . . ........ .......... . .......... . 65 4.2.5 Infonnation Communication Technology . ............... . . . ..................... .. ....... .. . . 66 4.2.6 Public Administration, Safety, Law and Order ............................... . .... . ... . 66 4.3 SUMMARY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE 70 IND IC A TORS ... ........................ .. . . .... .. ..... . . .. .... . . . ...... .. . .. . .............. . . ····· ··· (vi) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ASAL Arid and Semi-Arid Lands CAHNs Community Animal Health Workers CHWs Community Health Workers DAEO District Adult Education Officer DALEO District Agricultural and Livestock Extension Officer DDC District Development Committee DDO District Development Officer DDO District Development Officer DDP District Development Plan DEO District Education Officer DFO District Fisheries Officer DFRD District Focus for Rural Development Strategy DIDCs District Information Documentation Centres DMEC District Monitoring and Evaluation Committee DPU District Planning Unit DVO District Veterinary Officer DWE District Trade Development Officer EIA Environmental Impact Assessment HIV Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood illness KTBH Kenya Top Bar Hive M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MTEF Medium Term Expenditure Framework NFE Non-Formal Education NGOs · Non-Governmental Organisations NPEP National Poverty Eradication Plan PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal STI Sexual Transmitted Infection TBAs Traditional Birth Attendants (vii) LIST OFTA BLES AND MAPS PAGE Table 1.1 Area of the District by Division, Location and Sub Location 6 Table 1.2 Projected population and Density distribution by Division (2000) 8 Table 2.1 Implementation of the 1997 - 2001 Development Projects 16 Table 2.2 Population projections by Age Cohorts, 1999 - 2008 18 Table 2.3 Population projections for selected Age Groups 1999 - 2008 19 Map No. 1 Location of the district 3 Map No. 2 Administrative Boundaries 5 'I ! I I (viii) CHAPTER ONE DISTRICT PROFILE LOCATION OF TURKANA IN KENYA ETHIOPIA l.K?ANDA N NN Provincial Boundary + Distrid Boundary 1ri~~5-~0~~~~10Q~--iiiiiiiiiii200 tQaraers f'reJ&ed IJ'f CBS, 1999 Pop.Cini.ls 1lil fNP ii ra _., ~ CMo id,. iol,iliw bGrdna 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides a profile of the district in terms of the administrative, geographic and physical description. It also provides a detailed fact sheet on the physical, social and economic infrastructure situation of the district within the context of the plan theme "Effective Management for Sustainable Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction". 1.1 ADMINISTRATIVE, GEOGRAPHIC AND PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION The section provides details of the district profile and gives background information on the location of the district, the main physical features, settlement patterns and other background information critical to the overall development strategy for the next seven years. 1.1.1 Administrative Boundaries Turkana District is one of Kenya's ASAL (Arid and Semi Arid Lands) districts. It is situated in the North Western Kenya to the west of Lake Turkana. The district borders Ethiopia to the northeast, Sudan to the northwest, and Uganda to the west, Baringo and West Pokoi Districts to the south, Samburu District to the southeast and Marsabit District to the east as indicated on Map No. 1. It is situated between longitudes 34° 0' and 36° 40' east, and between Latitudes 10° 30' and 5° 30' north. It is the largest district in Kenya. Turkana district comprises of seventeen divisions, fifty-six locations and one hundred and fifty six sub-locations. Table 1.1 shows the area of the district by division, locations and sub-location and Map No.2 shows the administrative units of the district. In terms of population settlement, it should be noted that the Turkana people in normal circumstances settle in the plains. However, due to the dictates of weather, very few of them settle in one place permanently. During and shortly after the rains the Turkana people are concentrated at the plains. However, as the drought starts they move mostly to the high mountain areas and even to neighbouring countries of Uganda and Sudan in search of pasture and water for their livestock. The district has two local authorities, namely Turkana County Council and Lodwar Municipal Council. There are seventy-two electoral wards in Turkana County Council and six electoral wards in Lodwar Municipal Council. There are three constituencies in the district, namely Turkana North, Central and South respectively. 4 TURKANA DISTRICT (.A£jninistrative Boundaries) M\RSABIT UGANDA • I I Wf/-TPOKOT , I . I I' r--: 1..ake N SANBURU ' I § District Boundary Division Botrdary Location BoU1dary + 40 0 · -·-- ---- ---- - - - ·-- - ------- Prepnd by CBS; 1999 P0puation CMsus Ttia mapierd .-,aAl-a'llyOM~bcu-dlriel s Table 1.1 Area of the District by Division, Location and Sub-Location I Division Area (Km') Locations Sub- Locations j Lokichogio 9126 6 13 Kaaling 10,830 4 13 Lopur 4652 3 7 Lokitaung 5208 4 11 Kibish 5127 3 7 Lokichar 2913 3 7 Oropoi 5348 3 11 Lokori 5008 4 11 Lomelo 5962 5 9 Katilu 1187 I 4 Kainuk 2504 2 6 Central 2099 2 5 Kerio 2703 3 8 Kalokol 3470 3 8 Turkwell 3093 4 14 Loima 2174 3 12 Kalcuma 5596 3 10 Total 77,000 56 156 Source: District Commissioner's Office Lodwar, 2001 1.1.2 Physiographic and Natural Conditions The physiographic features in the district include low lying open plains, mountain ranges, Lake Turkana and the river drainage patterns. The main mountain ranges of the district are Loima, Lorengippi, Lokwamoru, Lorionotoma, Loriu, Suguta, Silale and Songot, Mogilla and Kailongkol. The altitude of the mountains ranges between 1500 and 1800 metres above sea level in the east reaching the peak at Loima, which forms undulating hills for a stretch of some 65 km2• The mountain ranges, because of their high ele~ation are normally green, covered with dense bushes and high woody cover. The ranges support important economic activities like honey-production, grazing during the dry season, water catchments sources, gum arabica harvesting, small rain fed shambas, and wood production. The open lying plains consist of the Central Plains, Kalapata Plains and Lotikipi Plains. The plains form part of the arid area in the district and receive the lowest amount of rainfall of around 180mm per annum. These plains are dominated by dwarf shrub and grassland, which provide forage for livestock during and shortly after rainy season. However, this forage dries rapidly at the onset of the dry season. Rivers Kerio, Turkwel, Tarach and Suguta are the major rivers in the district. Most of these rivers are seasonal. Turkwell and Kerio Rivers are the most important and have the potential of producing large amounts of food for the district if properly utilized. The Rivers Omo, Turkwel and Kerio drain into Lake Turkana. The Lake, situated on the eastern part of the district, has three important islands and is endowed with a variety of birds, crocodiles and hippos. Fishing is the major activity in the lake. Turkana District is arid and semi arid and is- characterized by warm and hot climate. The temperature ranges between 24° c and 38° c with a mean of 30° c. The rainfall pattern and distribution is erratic and unreliable both with time and space. There are two rainfall 6 seasons. The long rains usually occur between April and July and the short rains between October and November and ranges between 120 mm and 500mm. The driest periods are January, February and September. The rainfall is distributed on an east-west gradient with more rainfall in the western parts and other areas of higher elevation. The rain falls in brief violet storms resulting in flash floods. The surface runoff and potential evaporation rates are extremely high. Due to the low rainfall and high temperatures there is a lot of evapo-transpiration resulting into deposition of salt in the soil and capping on the surface. As a result, only about 30 per cent of Turkana District's soil can be rated as moderately suitable for agricultural production. These moderately fertile soils are found at the central plains of Lorengippi, the upper Loima, the lowlands of the Turkwel, Nakaton and Kawalathe drainage along the lake at Todonyang plains, the lower Kalokol and Turkwel - Kerio Rivers and a portion of the Loriu Plateaus. 1.1.3 Settlement Patterns The population density in the district varies from 29 persons per km2 in Kakuma Division to 1 person per km2 in Kibish Division. Permanently and semi-permanently settled areas in the district are found along Turkwel and Kerio rivers where irrigated farming is practiced. Along these areas, there exist peri- urban market centres with the necessary social infrastructures like schools and health ·facilities that support human settlement. There is no clear pattern of poverty distribution in the district as the poor and the rich exist side by side especially in the rural areas. Nevertheless most of the poor are found in the northern part and central plains due to recurrent drought and diseases. Cattle rustling from neighbouring countries have worsened the situation. The poor are also found in the major towns and market centres of the district. They include migrants from other parts of the district in search of relief food and assistance from relatives engaged in productive economic activities in towns and market centres. 7 Table 1.2 Population Distribution and Density by Division (2002) Division Population Density Likichogio 38,972 4.3 Kaaling 25,905 2.4 Lapur 13,764 3.0 Lokitaung 24,325 4.7 Kibish 6523 1.3 Lokichar 23,489 8.1 Oropoi 19,408 3.6 Lomelo 6,556 I.I Katilu 13,514 11.4 Kainuk 12,708 5.1 Ccnttal 38,685 18.4 Kerio 16,595 6.1 Kalokol 30,948 8.9 Turlcwcl 53,722 17.4 Loima 36,595 16.8 Kakuma 104 624 18.7 Total 485,627 6.3 Source: District Statistics Office, Lodwar, 2001 1.2 DISTRICT FACT SHEET The district fact sheet contains an inventory of the district in terms of area, topography and climate, demographic and population profiles, and socio economic indicators. The fact sheet provides the basic information important for the formulation of development strategies and priorities for implementation over the next seven years, to achieve the theme of the Plan of "Effective Management for Sustainable Growth and Poverty Reduction." Land Area Total area 77,000 km2 Arabic land 25,000 km2 Non-arable land (docs not include water mass) 37,440 km2 Water mass 7,560 km2 Urban area 7 000 km2 Topography and Climate Attitude Hiizhest I 800m above sea level Rainfall Lowest 120mm Average annual rainfall Between 300-400mm Temperature range Minimum 24° C Maximum 38° C A veragc temocraturc 30° C Demographic and Population Profiles Population size (2002) 497,779 - Total no. of males 247,916 Total no. of females 249,863 Female/male sex ratio 1:1 Population izrowth rate 3.3% Population density (average) Persons oer km, 7 Highest density (Kakuma) Persons oer km2 29 Lowest density (Kibish) Persons oer km2 I Primarv school eoiniz aize 6- 13 115,989 Secondary school izoing aize 14- I 7 50 097 Labour force ( 15-64) 264,242 8 Female in reproductive age ( 15-49) 124,454 Youth population (15-25) 112,660 Dependency ratio 100:88 Rural population at the start of the plan 428,616 Rural population at the end of the plan 523,135 Urban Population Urban population at the start of the plan period 69,163 Urban population at the end of the plan period 83 639 Number of towns with a population of 2,000-10,000 Kalokol 2,308 (2002); 3,028 (2008) Kakuma 9,808 (2002); I 0,825 (2008) Crude birth rate 50.3 per I 000 Crude death rate 16 oer!000 Under 5 mortality rate 220 per!00O Life expectancy 50 Infant mortality rate 170 oer 1000 Total fertility rate 5.5 Literacy rate 60% Social Economic Indicators Total number of households 80,921 Average household size 6 Number of female headed household 5,931 Absolute poverty 333,636 (overall poverty 74%) Food poverty 365,196 (81%) Contribution to national poverty 1.2% Hardcore rural poverty 279,533 (62%) Average household incomes Sectoral contribution household income Agricultural income (wages) 12.4% Wage emolovment 31% Livestock income 56.6% Agriculture Total number of farms 11,939 Average farm sizes 0.5 acres Number of irrigation schemes 21 Number of oeoole working in the agricultural sector 77,684 Cattle 176,000 Sheep 813,000 Goats 1,626,000 Donkeys 32,000 Poultry 10,030 Number of oeoole involved in livestock 310,734 Most prevalent livestock diseases CCPP, CBPP, Rinderpest, Tryps, Anthrax, Worm infections Main tvoe cif fish soecies catch Tilapia and Nile Perch Number of fish species 48 Number of commercial fish species 12 Number of oeoole engaged in fisheries sector 58,263 Number of land beaches 8 Main forest products Construction materials, materials for making domestic goods Cooperatives Number of active cooperatives bv tvoe: Fishermen 3 Saccos I Agricultural I Multipurpose I Consumer I Key cooperatives. which have collapsed in the last 5 vcars Turkana Women Handicraft Cooperative Society Ltd. Katilu Farmers' Coooerative Society 9 " Total Reeistered Cooperatives Members bv Tvne Saccos 387 Fishermen 4,003 Airricultural 496 Consumer 500 Multipuroose 110 Total 5,496 Total Turnover bv Tvne (Kshs) Multipurpose 22,402,424 Saccos 484,917 Fishermen 822,288 Airricultural 278,904 Consumer Not available Health 3 most prevalent diseases Malaria, respiratory diseases, Diarrhoea diseases Doctor/Patient ratio 1:75,000 Childhood diseases Kwashiorkor, Anemia, marasmus, malaria, diarrhoea, measles eve infections oneumonia Number of health facilities 86 Type of health facilities Hospitals: 5, Dispensaries: 60, Health Centres: 8 Private clinics: 13 Average distance to nearest health facility 50km Number of beds in hospital 990 Number of cots in hospital 43 Education Pre-primary Number of pre-primarv schools 277 Enrolment in pre-primary schools 27,102 Teacher/pupil ratio in pre-primary 1:74 Primary Schools Number of primary schools 161 Number of boarding schools 41 Number of enrolled pupils in primary schools 37,483 Enrolment rates in primary schools 33.9% Drop out rates in primary schools 62.9% I I Teacher/Pupil ratio in primary schools 1:40 I i. Average years of school attendance s I : Number of secondary Schools I Number of secondarv schools 8 Enrolment in secondarv schools 2,466 Enrolment rate in secondarv schools 4.95% t Drop..out rate in secondarv schools 24.1% I Teacher/pupils/ratio in secondarv 1:23 Adult Literacy Number of adult education learning centres 163 Enrolment in adult education learning centres 2.803 Average class attendance 1,488 Number of adult teachers 163 Teacher/Learners ratio I: I I Ter11arv Number of other training institutions {e.g. colle2es) 3 Children homes for special education Lokichar RCEA Islamic center Kalokol Children's Home Lodwa Children's Home Nadirikonven Rehabilitation Centre Water and Sanitation Number of households with access to oioed watet 15,334 Number of household with access to potable water 23,000 Number of wells 700 N umber of boreholes 500 10 Number of sprin2s 16 Number of major rivers in the district Turkwel, Kerio, Tarrach Sunguta Average distance to nearest potable water point 10km Energy Sector Number of trading centres with electricity I Transport Facilities Total km of trunk roads (i .e. national roads) 2,853.6 km Tarmac road total length 470km Gravel road total length 366.8 km Earth road total length 20 16.8 km Airstrips 22 Communication Number of households with telephone connections 76 Number of private and public organizations with telephone Data not available connections Number of telephone booths connections 493 Number of people with telephone connections 849 Number of post/sub-post offices 5 Trade, Commerce and Tourism Number of trading centres 26 - Number of registered business 309 Number ofinfonnal sector enterprises 6,243 Number of tourist class hotels 10 Number of tourist attraction sites 3 Turkana Southern Game Reserve and Nasolot Highlands in Lake Turlcana Kenvatta House-Lodwar (Lokitunsz) Type of wildlife in Southern Turkana Game Reserve Elephants, buffaloes, zebras, Leopards, cheetah, hyenas, less kudu, dik dik. grand gazelles,jackals and fringe eared onvx Tvoes of animals in central highlands of Lake Turkana Crocodiles, hiooos, fish and birds Bank of financial Institutions Number of banks 2 11 CHAPTER TWO MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND CROSS CUTTING ISSUES 2.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses the major development challenges and cross cutting issues in the district. It begins by providing a broad overview of the last District Development Plan 1997-2001 and accesses in broad terms whether the expectations of the plan were met. It also analyses the implementatiOJ? of projects and programmes and attempts to show any achievements, constraints and lessons learnt. The chapter then looks at the linkages between the District Development Plan, the National Development Plan and other policy Papers. Finally, it looks at the major development challenges and cross cutting issues the district is likely to face during the plan implementation period. 2.1 OVER-VIEW OF THE 1997 - 2001 PLAN During the 1997 - 2001 Plan period, the district's major concern was to mobilise resources and create an enabling environment for the private sector to venture into industrial development. It was envisaged that industrial sector development would have positive spillover effects and stimulate growth in the other sectors. To achieve this goal, the District Development Plan articulated the measure to be undertaken to create an enabling environment for industrial take off. These included measures to:- improve the infrastructure, strengthen security, produce raw materials, develop human resources, protect the environment, improve marketing and to implement the one hundred and twenty eight projects enlisted in the District Development Plan. At the end of the plan period, very little was achieved in creating an enabling environment for the private sector to contribute towards industrialization of the district. Further, the overall district project implementation status was only 22 per cent. Twenty- eight projects out of the one hundred and twenty eight were implemented to various levels. Most sectors were not funded at all either by the government or other development agencies, while those sectors, which were funded, received funding for only a few of their proposals. 2.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 1997-2001 PLAN Table 2.1 shows the implementation of the development projects contained in the 1997- 2001 DDP by department. The low implementation rate of only 22 per cent as indicated above was as a result of many constraints the district faced during the plan period. These co!lstraints included; insufficient funds, delay in releasing voted funds, piecemeal funding, cash flow problems, freezing of voted funds, low community participation in project management, over-ambitious project proposals, insecurity like cattle rustling, lack of effective monitoring and evaluation system, the 1997 El-Nino, La-Nina and the prolonged 1999 - 2001 drought. lS Table 2.1 Implementation Status of the 1997- 2001 Development Projects Department No or projects No. of projects % Implementation Total cost proposed during the implemented status (physical and 1997- 2001 financial) Old New Livestock Dev. 2 7 2 47% 3.4m Veterinary s 3 1 40.5% 2.4m Agriculture 3 2 3 56.6% 9. lm Water Dev. 14 1 11 93.7% 15.7m T.R.P 6 4 4 14.6% 8.4m Education 1 4 0 Fisheries 3 4 1 10% Sm Wildlife 2 1 0 Public Works 2 3 4 95% 51 .2m Commcrce/frade I 2 1 40% 895.000 Co-operative 3 0 0 Development Environment and 2 7 0 Natural Resources. Lands and Settlement 7 0 0 Physical Planning Survey '4 0 0 0 Health 6 9 • Social Services 2 0 0 Adult Education 2 3 0 Home Affairs/Nai. 2 3 0 Her. Prisons Dept Probation I OOP Provincial 7 0 Administration Police Dept 2 Reg. of persons I 2 100% Civil Registration I I 2 100% 851,630 Source: District Development Office, Lodwar, 2001 The combination of the above constraints has made the situation in the district even worse than it was at the start of the 1997 - 2001 Plan Pc1jod. During this period, the physical infrastructure sector, particularly roads were extensively damaged by the El Nino rains. Heavy vehicles transporting famine relief food to the district added to the extensive damage of the roads. Some areas in the district remain inaccessible due to lack of properly maintained all weather roads. The current road network in the district is in a pathetic state and requires urgent rehabilitation and reconstruction. The agriculture and rural development sector was also affected by low funding, El Nino and the prolonged 1999-2001 droughts. The implementation rate, for example, in the agriculture sub-sector was 56.6 per cent. The drought caused a lot of damage and resulted in the following: reduction in livestock production in terms of meat and milk; high rates of livestock mortality due to lack of pasture and water, and drought related diseases; reduced yields from irrigation schemes and rainfed shambas. This aggravated the food security problem in the district as manifested in increased malnutrition in the district. The groups most affected by malnutrition include children under 5 years, the aged, the lactating and pregnant mothers. 16 The water sub-sector also experienced difficulties due to drought. The prolonged drought put increased pressure on the available water facilities and quite a number of t~e~ broke down while the water table became too low. There is, therefore, need to rehab1htate and restore some of the critical water sources so as to ensure improved access to safe drinking water for domestic pastoralist, agro pastrolist, and their livestock in the district. The human resource development sector, particularly the education sub-sector, recorded dismal implementation rate. The proposed projects/programmes in the education sub- sector were for the construction of physical facilities and the provision of services. However, none of the proposed physical facilities projects were implemented. Due to the low implementation rate of development projects/programmes, the mission of the 1997 - 2Q01 District Development plan was not met. The poor implementation did not augur well for the districts desire to industrialize, reduce poverty, unemployment and other social-economic problems. The district must refocus its efforts to revitalise its economy during the 2002-2008 Plan Period. 2.3 DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN LINKAGES WITH THE 2002-2008 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND OTHER POLICY PAPERS The theme of this district Development Plan is similar to that of the 2002-2008 National Development Plan, that is "Effective Management for Sustainable Growth and Poverty Reduction". This theme is consistent with the long-term National Poverty Eradication Plan (NPEP) 1999-2015. The three basic priorities of NPEP are; improved access to basic services, promotion of broad based economic growth and social integration. The National Development Plan provides broad macro economic objectives and sectoral priorities. The DDP has attempted to translate these broad objectives and strategies into district specific programmes/projects aimed at achieving sustainable growth and poverty reduction. The DDP has also attempted to integrate district level plans for NGOs, Regional Authorities and Local Authorities. The District Development Plan, therefore, contains projects and programmes that facilitate the realization of the National Development Plan, other Government policy documents and other stakeholders' plans. This will harmonize the implementation of projects and programmes in the district. 2.4 MAJOR DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES & CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES The major development challenges that the district will face during the plan period relate to population growth, poverty, HIV/AIDS gender inequality and disaster management. These challenges must be tackled if the district is to achieve the desired level of development during the plan period. 2.4.1 Population Growth According to the 1999 population and housing census, Turkana District had a population nf 450,860 persons in 1999. This population is projected to increase to 497,779 persons in 2002 and to 606,774 persons in 2008. Table 2.2 provides the district population projections by age cohort and sex. As can be noted from the table, the district has a large proportion of young people. The age group 0-24 is estimated to be 337,157 persons or 68 per cent of the total population in 2002. This large youthful population is a reflection of the district's rapid population growth rate estimated at 3.3 per cent. This growth rate is 17 0 above the national average of 2.9 per cent. Table 2.2 Population Projections by Age Cohort and Sex 1999-2008 Age 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 Groue M F M F M F M F M F 0-4 29,268 27,973 32,314 30,884 34,518 32,991 36,874 35,242 39,389 37,646 5-9 37,696 35,169 41,619 47,331 38,929 44,458 41,478 47,492 44,308 50,732 10- 14 38,088 34,999 42,052 47,102 38,641 44,921 41,278 47,986 44,094 51,259 15 - 19 33,314 28,432 36,781 31,391 38,264 39,290 33,533 41,971 35,820 44,834 20- 24 20,503 19,844 22,637 21,909 24,181 23,404 25,831_ ,.25;001 27,593 26,706 25 - 29 16,212 18,715 17,899 20,663 19,120 22,072 20,425 23,578 21,818 25,187 30- 34 10,447 14,160 11,534 15,634 12,321 16,700 13,162 17,840 14,060 19,057 35 - 39 9,020 13,471 9,959 14,873 10,638 15,888 11,364 16,972 12,139 18,129 40-44 7,647 9,894 8,443 10,924 9,019 11,669 9,634 12,465 ·10,291 13,315 45 -49 6,834 8,437 7,545 9,315 8,060 9,951 8,610 10,629 9,197 11,355 50-54 5,261 5,619 5,808 6,204 6,205 6,627 6,628 7,079 7,080 7,562 55 - 59 3,780 3,486 4,173 3,849 4,458 4,111 4,762 4,392 5,087 4,693 60-64 2,772 2,600 3,060 2,871 3,269 3,066 3,492 3,276 3,731 3,499 65 -69 1,614 1,613 1,782 1,781 1,904 1,902 2,033 2,032 2,172 2,171 70-74 1,114 970 1,230 1,071 1,314 1,144 1,403 1,222 1,499 1,305 75 - 79 486 484 537 534 573 571 612 610 654 651 80+NS 492 446 543 492 580 526 620 562 662 600 Total 224,548 226,312 247,916 249,863 264,830 266,911 282,899 285,121 302,200 304,574 Source: District statistics Office, Lodwar, 2001 • NS - Age not stated In absolute terms, the population of the district is estimated to increase by about 22 per cent between 2002 and 2008. This increase in the overall population will call for prudent investment in socio-economic sectors in order to support a rapidly growing and youthful population. Currently, the district population is exerting a lot of pressure on the available facilities/resources like food, water, education, employment, health and vegetation. This is manifested by the persistent famine, malnutrition, unemployment, poverty and the inability of the district residents to access basic services such as health and education. Table 2.2 further shows variations in sex ratio of the population in various age cohorts. The overall female/male sex ratio in 2002 is about 1: l with female slightly out numbering males. However, variations exists and in some age cohorts where males out number females particularly in age groups O - 24 and 55 - 80, while women out number males in age groups 25 - 54. ! l I Table 2.3 ·shows the population. projections for selected age groups .. These age groups represent the primary school ~omg age (6-13), secondary school gomg age (14 _ 1 ?), female population in reproductive age (15 - 49), the youth (15-25) and the labour force ' ! (IS _ 64). Their age groups are selected because they portend special economic and social implications. ./ ' 18 Table 2.3 Population Projections for Selected Age Groups, 1999- 2008 Age 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 Group M F M F M F M F M F 6-13 53,090 51,966 58,615 5_7,374 62,614 61,288 66,886 65,470 71,449 69,937 14 -17 24,069 21,306 26,574 23,523 28,387 25,128 30,324 26,843 32,392 28,674 IS- 2S 57,063 52,491 63,001 57,954 67,300 61,908 71,891 66,131 76,796 70,643 lS-49 112,723 124,454 132,945 142,015 151,704 IS- 64 114,907 124,428 126,865 137,377 135,521 146,750 144,767 156,762 154,644 167,457 Source: District Statistics office, Lodwar, 2001 The population of the primary school going age group (6-13 years) is projected increase from 115,989 persons in 2002 to 141,386 in 2008 while the population of the secondary school age group is expected to increase from 50,097 in 2002 to 61,066 in 2008. Both the primary and secondary school age groups constitute 33.4 per cent of the total population at the start of the 2002-2008 Plan period. This high percentage of school going age population will necessitate investment in learning/teaching facilities, school development, enhancement of the school feeding programme and bursaries The female population in age bracket of 15-49 is expected to increase from 124,454 in 2002 to 151,704 in 2008. This reproductive age group constitute 25 per cent of the total district population in 2002. This high percentage of the reproductive age may contribute to rapid population growth rate during the plan period if the current high fertility rate of 5 .5 is not checked. The implication is that the district must prepare to invest more on maternal child health and early childhood education facilities and family planning services during the plan period. Labour Force (15 - 64) of the district is expected to rise from 264,242 in 2002 to 322,101 in 2008. The dependency ratio is 100:88 implying that in every 100 people there are 88 dependents. The high dependency will retard growth of the district economy as resources are diverted to consumption and hence less savings and investment. Furthermore, the majority of the people in the district are engaged in pastoralism, fishing and small business activities, whose returns have been greatly affected by unfavourable climatic conditions and lack of investment resources. The district will, therefore, have to mobilize more resources for investment the in productive sub-sectors so as to create employment opportunities for the labour force. · Population density is relatively higher in Central, Lokichar, Lokitaung, Kakuma, and Lokichogio Divisions. This pattern is influenced by the presence of relatively big urban and market centres within these divisions. These centres are attractive to human settlfment because of the existence of relatively good communication networks and the availability of essential services like schools, health facilities and water. The high 1 popu1ation in these centres calls for the mobilization of resources to provide for additional water, sanitation and infrastructure facilities. There is also a need for proper market and town planning in the district. , 19 2.4.2 Poverty Turkana District is one of the poorest districts in the country. According to the 1997 welfare monitoring survey (WMS II), the district recorded an overall poverty of 74 per cent, food poverty of 81 per cent, and hard-core poverty of 62 per cent. In absolute numbers this was equivalent to 333,636 overall poor, 365,196 food poor and 279,533 hard-core poor out of a total population of 485,526 According to district rankings on food poverty among the rural districts, Turkana is the third worst hit, while on overall poverty it is ranked fourth among districts with more than 60 per cent of their population below poverty line. The district is further ranked fourth among districts that have high levels of extreme poor population. The district's contribution to national poverty is 1.2 per cent food poor, 1.1 per cent overall poor and 1.5 per cent hard-core poor. This magnitude of poverty was made even worse by the prolonged drought of 1999-2001 and its devastating impact on all sectors of the economy. The major causes of poverty in Turkana District are harsh topography and climatic conditions, prevalence of animals and crop diseases, collapse of irrigation schemes, poor marketing systems for agricultural and livestock products, low quality of livestock, lack/poor infrastructure especially roads, unreliable rainfall, lack or inadequate access to credit facilities, illiteracy and ignorance, limited employment opportunities, inadequate/lack of health facilities, large families and lack of access to productive assets, insufficient water supply, insecurity and cattle rustling, and low school enrolment, retention and completion rates. 2.4.3 HIV / AIDS The HIV/AIDS has spread to most parts of the district and is taking a heavy toll on human life. Available statistics indicate that the most affected areas are the townships along the Kitale-Lodwar Lokichoggio Highway and Kalokol Fishing Centre on Lake Turkana. The HIV/A IDS statistics shows that an increasing number of people are getting infected with the virus. For example, in 1999 the total number of deaths as a result of HIV/AIDS in Lodwar District Hospital was 314, which rose to 328 in the year 2000. The disease has so far caused substantial loss to the district socially and economically though statistics are not easy to access because of poor records. The impact of HIV/AIDS is manifested through increasing numbers of orphans, rising medical bills and the rising numbers of HIV/A IDS victims occupying hospital beds especially the district hospital. It is estimated that 33 percent of bed occupants in the district hospital are HIV/AIDS patients. In order to curb the rapid spread of HIV/A IDS, the district has put in place intervention measures like screening of blood for HIV, periodic examination of STI cases and antenatal care on HIV, capacity building, distribution of condoms and supply of STI drugs/treatment. The district is facing many challenges in the process of tackling this pandemic such as slow behavioural change, rising Tuberculosis (T.B.) incidence, high I I sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) incidence and stigmatisation. Given that there are no drugs to cure the diseases, the district will continue to sensitise the community on the pandemic and emphasize on community based care of the HIV/A IDS victims. I 20 t 2.4.4 Gender Inequality Gender issues in development go beyond physical and biological differences between man and women, boys and girls. The gender concerns in Turkana District entails the relative access of sexes to resources as well as the different roles each sex plays in socio economic activities and decision-making. The gender division of labour in the district is mostly defined socially. However, . the relative roles are a critical factor ~o the development and alleviation of poverty in the Turkana District. Though the male-female population is almost equal in number, access and control to resources, gender division of labour and socio-political position and role in decision-making is predominantly the man's affair. All these have implications on the development of the district; women are consigned to do mostly reproductive work while men do the productive work instead of being partners in development. Decision making on productive property and assets like land, livestock, and cash crop is a man's affair, the females can have access to these properties but they do not have authority on their disposal and the benefits thereof. In education sub-sector, for example there is a bias towards the boy child going to school while the girl child remains at home. Equally girls are taken away from school for early marriage. All these have greatly hindered the development of girl education in the district. In order to develop this district and hence alleviate poverty, women and men have to be actively involved in designing and promoting their own social projects. To address the bias against women and to lighten the workload, effort will be made to implement projects like water supplies and health facilities, that can reduce the distance walked to access these facilities. Measures will also be taken to channel more micro-credit to small-scale businesses managed by women like broom and basket making. 2.4.5 Disaster Management Turkana district is prone to two main disasters, namely drought and insecurity. Th~ district experience frequent prolonged spell of drought periods, and its frequency and severity are quite high. High frequency and magnitude of drought place strong limitations on both traditional pastoralism strategies and development potential. In drought years, . forage quantity as well as quality becomes limited; livestock starve, nutritional conditions \ and production decline. ' During._severe droughts, as experienced in the 1999 - 2000 period, there was heavy loss of livestock due mainly to lack of forage and disease outbreaks. The loss of animal during that period aggravated the poverty problems in the district as milk production fell and animal deaths increased. Drought, further, affected the agro-pastorist in the district, resulting in reduced agricultural production and therefore threatening the food security in the district. Due to the effects of drought, more resources are diverted to save lives of both human and livestock through the provision of water, relief food, disease control, provision of human health services and food supplements. To combat ~he ef~ects of drought in the district, the early warning system will be used more effectively m the formulation of development projects and programmes. The 21 ... traditional coping mechanisms like animal mobility to grazing areas; composition ·of herds (mixer), food storage and preservation will be strengthened in the plan period. Insecurity is another recurrent problems affecting the Turkana community. Pastoralist communities neighbouring Turkana District have the cultural habits of cattle rustling which have adversely affected the district. During such raids the district suffers a lot in terms . of loss of life, loss of property, displacement of families,. destruction of infrastructure e.g. schools, health and water facilities, and disruption of education and farming. During the plan period, effort will be made to reduce the insecurity menace in the district through peace harmonization meetings, strengthening the capacity of the security force and stock theft patrols especially at border points. I i d ,I '' 1 I'. ,l 22 CHAPTER THREE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES AND PRIORITIES 3.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter explores priority areas the district will undertake to achieve the objectives of reduced incidences of poverty and spur economic growth. The chapter gives an in-depth analysis of the status of the six PRSP sectors and make clear cut development strategies that will be implemented in the next seven years to tum around the poor economic status of the district. 3.1 AGRICULTURE AND-RURAL DEVELOPMENT 3.1.1 Sector Vision and Mission The sector vision is "suitable and equitable rural development for all" while the mission is to "contribute to poverty reduction through the promotion of food security, agro- industrial development, trade, water supply, rural employment and sustainable utilization of natural resources". 3.1.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission During the plan period, the· sector will improve on food security by expanding the existing irrigation schemes, rehabilitating the water conveyance structures to improve irrigation water efficiency, systematic investigation and design, and improvement of the new srriall-scale irrigation schemes within the river-line of Turkwel and Kerio to cover l 0,000 hectares. The sector Will further develop the abundant ground water for irrigation, control crop pests and diseases, improve extension services and conserve the agricultural resources base through protection of the catchments areas and agro-forestry. The livestock sub-sector will contribute to the attainment of food security, income and employment creation through increased qualitative and quantitative livestock production by breeding, selecting and upgrading the breeds from outside the district i.e. sahiwal cattle, galla goats doper sheep and Somali/Rendile camel. Emphasis will be put on better methods of utilizing rangelands, development of livestock water supplies in both dry and wet grazing zones to reduce long trekking distances, initiating and supporting modem methods of fodder production and conservation especially in irrigation schemes and plains where crops remain unutilised and go to waste and intensify extension service and initiating and supporting modem methods of bee-keeping. The district will advocate for natural resource conservation and friendly use of the same resource. Training the cooperators and advancing credit will strengthen the co-operative sector. 3.1.3 Importance of the Sector in the District Turkana District is arid and semi-arid and pastrolism is the main economic activity. The livestock sub-sector is the backbone of the district and is traditionally the single most important source of food and income. The sub-sector is a source of livelihood for over 60 per cent of the district population. Livestock is part and parcel of almost all social interactions, from neighbourhood meat feasts, through ritual uses, the bride wealth to legal compensation. A family therefore, needs stock not only to support itself but also to fulfil social commitments 25 Agriculture in the district is practised mainly by the agro-pastrolists who form 16 per cent of the total population of the district. This population practices crop production along the Turkwel and Kerio rivers and on arable land within the floods areas. Two types of fanning systems, rain fed and irrigation crop production are practised in the district. However, the harvests are normally low and the district therefore relies on food imports from neighbouring districts. Fishing is also an important activity along the Lakeshore of lake Turkana, where an estimated 12 per cent of the population derive their food and income. Vegetation in the district is vital for wood-fuel, building materials and feeding livestock. Pods and fruits are harvested and collected for fodder and food and also for making basketry and brooms. 3.1.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector The various stakeholders in the sector include the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, NGOs, Local Authorities, Religious and Civil Organization, and financial institution. The table below indicates the various roles these stakeholders are expected to play for the sector vision and mission to be achieved, during the plan period. Stakeholder Role Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development Provision of technical and extension services; Provision of inputs. NGOs Facilitate the implementation of water, agriculture, livestock and environmental activities in their jurisdiction. Local Authorities - Lodwar Municipal Council and Provision of basic infrastructure and maintenance of Turkana County Council roads within their jurisdiction. Religious and Civic organisations Training and capacity building; Banks Provision of credit. 3.1.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies Sub Sector Priorities Constraints Strategy Crop Drought resistant Limited arable land; Rehabilitate and develop small-scale Development crops; Lack of rain/water; irrigation schemes; Horticulture. Pests and diseases; Drill boreholes; Lack/limited farm input; Provision of pesticides; Inadequate extension services; Provision of farm inputs; Low skills by the community on Strengthen the extension services; irrigation water management. Carry out community capacity building. Livestock Increase Livestock Poor animal species; Upgrade the old livestock species; Development production. Poor range-land; Put in place better methods on Inadequate water; rangeland utilization; Poor livestock marketing systems; Develop livestock water supplies; Inadequate extension services; Streamline livestock marketing; Lack/limited bee-keeping Strengthen extension services; equipment; Assist the community to procure Frequent outbreak of diseases and KTBHS and honey harvesting pests; accessories and capacity building; Limited department capacity. Control of livestock diseases pests; Rehabilitate and equip the satellite laboratory; Develop vaccination crushes and village drug stores; Train community animal health workers. 26 Fisheries Improve Fish Lack/limited fishing equipment; Construction of boats and production. Poor post harvest fish quality; procurement of fishing equipment; Limited institutional capacity in Community training on post fish the department; harvesting managements; Limited community capacity to Construction of fish drying racks; exploit the existing fish potential. Departmental capacity building and strengthen extension services; Community training and financial sunnort. Forestry Conservation of Indiscriminate exploitation of Community sensitisation on friendly forests; forests e.g. charcoal burning; use of forest; Agro-forestry. Limited departmental capacity. Conserve and start agro-forestry fruit tree nurseries along the irrigation scheme by the community. Cooperatives Cooperative Limited institutional capacity; Capacity building; management. (Illiteracy); Community capacity building; Lack of credit. Establish credit revolving fund. Survey Town planning Limited/Lack of funds. Develop a plan for Lokori, Lodwar, Lokicho1111io Kainuk and Kakuma. Physical Town planning; Limited/Lack of funds. Carry out cadastral survey of plots in Survey Morulem survey; Lodwar, Lokichoggio, Lokori; District map. Undertake topo survey of Kakuma and Lokori; Revise district map; Carry out cadastral survey of Morulem irrigation scheme. Meteorology Improve collection Limited/Lack of funds; Replace rain gauges and measuring and dissemination Inadequate rain gauges and cylinders; of meteorology measuring cylinders; Inadequate Open new rainfall stations; information. departmental capacity. Staff capacity training; Construction of a meteorological station; Procure vehicle and motorcycles. Environment Environmental Recurrent droughts/High rate of Mountains and River-line forest conservation; degradation of natural resources; conservation; Water and marine Limited/Lack of funds. Improvement and initiation of resources alternative sources of energy supply; conservation; Construction of pit latrines; Improvement of Strengthening of drought monitoring energy supply; programme; Improvement of Carry out environmental impact sanitation; assessment; Disaster Carry out an inventory of marine management. resources. 3.1.6 Project and Programme Priorities On-going Projects and Programmes: Crop Development Project Name Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division RehabiI i tat ion of the To enhance food Three schemes rehabilitated Repair and construction of intakes, Small Scale Irrigation security among the and expanded per year; conveyance structures and division Schemes Kainuk, pastrolists. Turkwel dam desilted; boxes; Desilting canals; Katilu, Turkwel, Eleven boreholes drilled Turkwel Dam and drill boreholes. Central, Kerio, and functional. Lokori Divisions Provision of Farm To enhance food 11,939 farmers provided Procurement of maize sorghum, Inputs security among the with farm inputs. cowpeas, green grams, vegetables District wide pastrolists. (kales, tomatoes, spinach, onions) seeds; Procure tools (Jembes, soades, rakes, pangas, metal karai). 27 Capacity Ensure project Undertake 216 PRA PRA training workshops and two Building/Extension sustainability. trainings sessions for agro- internal visits conducted. District wide pastoralist fanners. Pests and Diseases Enhance food 680 sumicidin supplied Purchase of pesticides and Control security. annually. chemicals. District wide B: New Project Proposals: Co-operative Development Project Name, Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/ Division Credit Scheme I Advance credit to Revolving fund Establish a credit revolving fund. District wide cooperatives. established. Justification: Currently the credits in operation have limited capital. Capacity 2 Improve the Training livestock Conduct management seminars for co- Building for Co- management of co- traders, fish traders operative members. operative operatives. and members of Justification: Members Sacco societies. To sharpen the managerial skills of District wide co-operators. A: On-going Projects and Programmes: Livestock Development Project Name Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Div Livestock Improvement To improve the quality Purchase I 000 dopers; Assist community to purchase Programme and yield of livestock IO00 galla buck rams, and high yielding and drought District wide IO00 Somali/Rendile tolerant livestock breeds to camels upgrade the local sheep, goats, camels & poultry. f' Bee-Keeping Promote and improve Purchase 800 KTBHS; Assist the community to purchase I District wide bee keeping and Organize 18 training for KTBHS; ~ production in the bee-keepers; Training of beekeepers; I district. Construct 2 honey Construction of honey refinery. I I refineries. Community Restocking To promote the IO00 families restocked Identification of destitute District wide livelihood and enables with 30 small stock, one families; families to have control donkey and one camel Purchase & distribution of small of their destiny, each. stock. Pasture Reseeding To improve 13 water Construction of water harvesting/ Programme conservation and harvesting/spread spread structures for range District wide vegetation regeneration structures constructed. conservation; on otherwise bear Reseeding of degraded bare areas ground. with appropriate grass species mainly lowland areas and along river Turkwel/Tarach. J Livestock Water Promote the nutrition 4 water pans and I 0 water Construction of water pans and ..i Development status of livestock. troughs constructed. troughs. District wide Livestock Marketing Increase the income of Organize and train Capacity building of livestock District wide the pastoralists and their livestock traders; traders; purchasing power. Support 40 livestock Construction of sales yard; traders financially Establishment of livestock trading annually. fund. Disease and Pest Control Improved health status Eradicate common Treatment of sick animals; District wide of livestock in the diseases livestock. Vaccination of livestock and district. control of Ii vestock pests. Institutional Improve.and expand 200 vet-scouts trained. Training of community animal Capacity Building animal health services health workers. District wide delivery. Infrastructure Improve and expand IO mobile crushes Rehabilitation, relocating and Development animal health services established. construction of crushes. I District wide delivery. 28 Equipment for Satellite To improve diagnosis Rehabilitate and re- Purchase of laboratory equipment Laboratory Lodwar and delivery of health activate veterinary needles, syringes, and grass services. sate Il ite laboratory. barrels; Repair of microscopes; Purchase of Laboratory reagents, gas cylinder. Rural Tannery and Improve the quality of Two tanneries and one Establishment of2 rural tanneries Abattoir livestock products. abattoir constructed. at Lokichar and Katilu; Okichar, Katilu Lodwar (meat hides and skin). Construction of a medium size abattoir in Lodwar. B: New Project Proposals: Livestock Development Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine Community Animal I Improve health 4 community drug Construction of drug stores. Drug Stores delivery services. stores. Justification: District wide Stockist for veterinary drugs ·, established within the community will increase accessibility of much needed drugs to the Turkana Pastoralists; Create employment and generate income. Rural Tannery and 2 Improve the quality of 2 tanneries and I Establishment of rural Abattoir livestock product. abattoir. tanneries and construction of Lokichar, Katilu, an abattoir. Lodwar Divisions Justification: The tannery and abattoir will assist in job creation and improve the value of livestock products. A: · On-going Project/Programmes: Fisheries Project Name, Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/ Division Fish Production Increase fish Ensure that the fisher folks Construction of boats; Kalokol Division production. have adequate fish production Procurement of nets, hooks and and promotion facilities in the their accessories; third year of the plan; Identification of beneficiaries by 60 engine boats bought; · PRA; 60 wooden boats bought; Training of beneficiaries; 20 boats rehabilitated; Monitoring and evaluation; 1,200 gill nets purchased; Rehabilitation of boats. 3 batches of hooks purchased; 4000 floats purchased; 800 metres of mounting ropes purchased. Post Fish Harvest Improvement of fish 2000 racks constructed; Construction of portable fish Management quality and consumer 16 fish management training drying racks for sun dried fish Kalokol Division . appeal of fish products workshops held. products; from the western Identification of groups of shores of L. Turkana. beneficiaries at the gazetted landing beaches by PRA techniques; Training of fishermen on fish handling procedures. Institutional Increasing institution 4 motorcycle purchased; Purchase of motorcycles; Capacity Building capacity of fisheries Reagent for laboratory bought Purchase of laboratory equipment District wide department to collect annually; and reagents; statistics, conduct New fiberglass boat procured; Rehabilitation ofKalokol sampling and One desktop and a Computer laboratory; enforcement of purchased; Purchase of new fiberglass boat; 29 fisheries legislation. trained. Desktop and computer procurement; Staff training. Capacity Building Support of organized 8 training sessions for Conduct training at the eight for Fishermen marketing groups at fisherman conducted; gazetted landing beaches; District wide every fish-landing 2 groups from 8 landing Provision financial support to beach. beaches supported. groups of every landing beach; Market survey and information exchange; : Training of groups. B: New Project Proposals: Rural Water Supply Project Name, Priority Objectives Target Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine Rural Water 1 Make potable 100 community Community participation in desilting, Supplies water supply wells constructed sinking and equipping community District wide accessible to and functional; wells; local 40 community Rehabilitation of wells; community in wells rehabilitated; Construction of water pans and order to 16 water pans desilting of the existing ones; improve health constructed/rehabil Construction of sub-surface dams. for women, itated; Justification: men, children 8 sub-surface darns There is need to provide clean water to and livestock. constructed. the increasing pastoral population and livestock in a cost effective way. Minor Irrigation 2 To increase 200 ha in four Community to participate in opening Schemes crop irrigation schemes up small scale irrigation schemes at: Lokori, Turkwel production in established. Kangatosa, along Turkwel" river and Kibish ASAL areas in Lokori, Kataruk and Kibish. Divisions the district. Justification: To assist the local community to learn farming techniques and produce more: food for CO!lSUJ!lption. Rain Water 3 Raise farming/ Construction of Community participation through food Harvesting Livestock Trapezoidal semi- for work in constructing water- Kakuma, Kibish, productivity in circular, contour harvesting structures at Kakuma, Lokitaung Divisions dry areas and bunds and micro Kachoda, Kaeris and Kibish. diversify the catchments. Justification: economic and T;; :..:,"ist the local community. to learn· nutritional base fanning techniques and produce more of households: - food for consumption. Kibish 4 Opening up the 3 boreholes and 15 Sinking of boreholes and shallow Multipurpose division for shallow wells wells. Project faster sunk. Justification: \ Kibish Division development. To assist the local community to lea.m farming ter.hniques and produce more food for consumption. Livestock 5 Improve Construct four Construction of water pans and storage Improvement livestock based water pans and tanks; District wide food security four storage tanks; Supplying KTBH and honey and household 100 families harvesting equipment promotion of income. supplied with local poultry. KTBH and honey Justification: harvesting Provide clean wat=r a~d provide and equipment; create alternative sources of income Promote local generating activities. poultry on a free ran£e. 30 A: On-going Projects and Programmes: Forest Project Name, Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rural Afforestation Improve biodiversity. Plant trees along the riverline Raise tree nurseries and distribute and irrigation schemes. seedling to farmers and institutions. Community Encourage Carry out 20 sensitization Organize community sensitisation capacity building sustainable use of barazas annually. meetings. trees. B: New Project Proposals: Land Administration, Survey and Human Settlement Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities. Location/Division Rankine Marketffowns I To enable 550 plots planned To prepare development plan for Demarcation property owner to and issued with title Lokori, Lodwar, Lokichogio, Lodwar, Lokori, acquire title deeds. Kainuk and Kakuma Divisions. Lokichogio, deeds. Justification: Kainuk, Kakuma Facilitate issuance of title deeds to and Katilu Division the already developed plots. It will also facilitate proper planning of the towns. Cadastral Survey of 2 To enable Land 2500 plots to be To carry out cadastral survey of Plots at Lodwar, owners acquire surveyed. developed plots in Lodwar, Lokichogia and title deeds. Lokichoggio, Lokori Divisions. Lokori Divisions Justification: Facilitate issuance of title deeds to the already developed plots. It will also facilitate proper planning of the towns. Topo-survey 3 To enable To enable planning Undertake topo-survey. Kakumaand planning and of 150 plots. Justification: Lokori Divisions facilitate To facilitate the production of new allocation of plots development plans and ensure to individuals. prooer town planning. District Map 4 To update topo- To update several Map-revision. maps covering topo-maps at Justification: Turkana district random. To indicate the proper dimension to reflect new ofTurkana District. developments. Cadastral Survey at 5 To enable land Title deeds issued Carry out cadastral survey of Morulem Irrigation owners acquire for the whole of Morulem irrigation scheme. Scheme title deeds as Morulem Scheme. Justification: security. To facilitate the issuance of the title deeds to Morulem scheme. B: New Project Proposals: Environment Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine Environmental I Increase conservation 80 micro Establish micro nurseries Conservational of forests and water. nurseries along the river-line and District wide established; irrigation schemes; 24 environmental Hold community conservation conservation barazas. barazas/meetings Reseeding of denuded areas. to be held; Justification: 80 sites to be This will reduce the rate of rehabilitated. land degradation in the district. Rural Water and 2 Promote investigation, 50 water pans Construction of water pans, Marine Resources protection and constructed; shallow wells and earth Management conservation; 80 shallow wells dams. 31 • District wide Exploitation and constructed; Justification: proper use of the 80 earth dams Assist to document the district water constructed. district water potentials. resources. Energy Supply 3 Enhance availability Support Initiate and promote the use District wide and use of alternative production of of alternative sources of sources of energy and alternative energy and energy saving energy saving devices. sources of energy devices. e.g. solar and Justification: wind and energy To exploit the readily saving devices. available energy resource. Sanitation Programme 4 Promote clean 400 pit latrines Construction of pit latrines. District wide environment. constructed; Justification: SO-health To prevent disease education outbreaks/promote the use of workshop held. latrines. Disaster Management 5 Assist mitigate/deter One remote Strengthen drought; District wide the devastating effect sensing software Early warning system in the of drought. installed NDVI district; images supplied. Set up a desert monitoring system. Justification: Assist mitigates effects of drought. Environmental Impact 6 To ensure that 11 EF AS carried EIAs to be carried out along Assessment District development out; irrigation schemes, wide programmes/projects 80 EIAs boreholes; take into consideration workshopslbaraza EAls barazas to be held. environment in to s to be held; Justification: account; 11 land-use plan The study will assist To enhance public meetings held. planners/project managers awareness the and the community to take importance oflinkages into consideration the between development environment when designing and land use planning. and implementing proiects. B: New Project Proposals: Meteorological Project Name Priority Objectives Targets I Description of Activities Division/Location Rankine Rehabilitation of I To rehabilitate all 3 rain gauges Replace rain gauges and measuring rainfall Stations serviceable rainfall installed and 219 cylinders. District wide station in the measuring Justification: ., district. cylinders To ensure that the district collects ' purchased 3 per proper weather data and gives proper station. weather forecast. Opening of New 2 Increase area of Five new stations Open fine new rainfall stations. Stations coverage for opened; Justification: District wide Rainfall data Five rain gauges To expand weather forecast stations collection. installed; for accurate date information. 15 new measuring suoolied. Personnel Training 3 Accurate data 156 persons Capacity building through training, Central Division collection trained; training material~ and equipment. 76 training Justification: sessions achieved. Upgrade the ~ki lls of weather monitors for proper weather data collection and forecast. Meteorological 4 Provide safe Office/Staff blocks Construction and equipping of a full Station Lokichogio landing/take off to instruments and meteorological station at Division aircrafts. equipment. Lokichogio. Justification: Avoid unnecessary aeroplanes accidents. ,· I 32 Vehicles and 5 Co-ordination of I four-wheel Procurement of a four-wheel drive Motorbikes data collection from vehicle and I vehicle and 250cc motor cycle. Central Division Rainfall and motorcycle Justification: Meteorological procured. To facilitate the mobility of staff Stations. members and enhance their work oerformance. I I 3.1.7 Cross-Sector Linkages l For the agriculture and rural development sector to achieve its vision and mission and contribute to the development of the district during the plan period, it will require I I complementary support from the other sectors. This will include the provision of 'I adequate water supply for irrigation and livestock, passable all weather roads, stable i security and labour force. The agriculture and rural development sector performance will influence the growth of trade and industry sector as it is a major source of inputs to the industrial sector. It also generates income for investment in trade and industry. The income generated from agriculture and rural development sector also influences the purchasing power of the local community thus further enhancing the growth of trade and industry. The growth of education sub-sector would immensely benefit from agriculture and rural development, as the income generated from this sector will assist the community to invest in educational physical facilities and afford the education levies. The human resources sector provides skilled labour to the agriculture and rural development sector that assist to improve agricultural production. 3.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 3.2.1 Vision and Mission For enhanced and sustainable economic growth, the sector will provide physical infrastructure through rehabilitation, improvement and effective management of the existing infrastructure facilities. In the medium term, the sector will focus on measures aimed at improving both quality and quantity of facilities that are likely to generate greater economic impacts in the economy. In the long run, the sector is expected to be a leading input in the country's overall goal of poverty alleviation by providing an efficient network of basic infrastructure such as roads, railways and ports that will stimulate industrial and agricultural development. 3.2.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission To develop the road network during the plan period, the district will concentrate on: routine and periodic maintenance of paved and unpaved roads, construction of new access roads; building of drainage structures, bridges and drifts; bush clearing and periodic maintenance of airstrips. The water sub-sector will endeavour to provide potable water for both livestock and human consumption through the rehabilitation of broken d:own water supplies, completion of stalled water supply, drilling and equipping of new bore-holes, construction and equipping shallow wells and sub-surface dams, spring and river 33 protection and training water users association members in simple maintenance of water supplies. On energy supply, the district will explore the possibility of extending power supply from Turkwel gorge exploit the use of wind power, solar energy and energy saving appliances. 3.2.3 Importance of the Sector to the District The physical infrastructure sector plays a very critical role in Turkana District. The road network facilitates the importation of goods and service from the neighbouring districts to cover the deficits such as domestic consumption goods that the district normally faces. The roads also facilitate delivery and marketing of livestock, fish and other goods from the district to the rest of the country. They also facilitate people to access services like health, water and markets. Turkana District being arid, water is very critical to its development. Good quality and sufficient water is important for domestic purposes, farming and livestock. In specific terms water contributes to the improvement of the health status of the people and increased crops and livestock production. Energy supply is very crucial in food storage due to the high temperature in the district. Business can hardly operate in the district without electricity. ) 3.2.4 Role of Stakeholders in the Sector Stakeholder Role Ministry of Roads and Public Work. Construction works and maintenance of classified roads; Kenya Power and Lighting Company Maintenance and supply of power and implementation of the rural electrification programme; . Telkom Kenya Maintain existing telephones lines and extended services to new consumers; Postal Corporation of Kenya Offer postal services; NGOs Offer training and civic education; Communi Labour based maintenance of rural access roads. 3.2.5 Sub-Sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies Sub-Sector Priorities Constraints Tareets Roads Improve roads to all Limited/inadequate road Road rehabilitation; weather conditions; network; Opening access roads; Improvement of airstrips. Poor road network; Maintenance of airstrips. Poorly maintained airstrips. I I 34 Water To guar:intee access to safe Lack of drilling rig; Rehabilitation of broken potable drinking water; Inadequate/lack of water; down water supplies; To provide adequate water Lack of Tara-meter; To drill and equip for livestock and irrigation. Frequent breakdown of boreholes; water supplies; Construct shallow wells Low capacity of the Construct new water community to manage supplies; water supplies. Protection of rivers and springs; Construct sub-surface dams; Community Capacity building on water supply management; Procure I drilling rig and I Tara meter. Energy Alternative energy supply; Limited sources of energy; Extension of hydro-power Rural electrification Inadequate/lack of energy from Turkwel Gorge; programme. supply in the district. Exploit wind power; Exploit solar energy use; Encourage use of energy savin~ devices. 3.2.6 Project and Programme Priorities A: On-going Projects: Major Water Works and Sanitation Project Name, Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Lokitaung Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Replace destroyed pipelines, Lokitaung Division drinking water for human 6,000 people and provide dosing facility and and livestock use. 20,000 livestock. construct two watering troughs. Kalokol Community To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Augment supply by Water Supply drinking water for human 3,400 people and rehabilitating source, rising (Kadokorinyang) and livestock use. 10,000 livestock. main,construct 150rrr Kalokol Division masonry tank, replace 200m electric cable and purchase ~en-set. Kerio Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Relocate the water source by drinking water for human 2,000 people and 4,000 drilling replacement and livestock use. livestock. borehole and provide components connected thereto. Kokuro Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Provide 24m3 steel elevated drinking water for human 5,000 people 5,000 tank. . and livestock use. livestock. Namuruputh Water To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Replace windmill with Supply drinking water for human 2,500 people and generator; Set a submersible and livestock use. 12,000 livestock. pump, repair of I 00m3 masonry tank and lay extension lines. Lorokon Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Purchase floating pump C/W drinking water for human 1,500 people and 1,000 panel, construct pump house and livestock use. livestock. and relocate· rising main. Kibish Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Replace 50m' steel elevated Kibish Division drinking water for human 4,500 people and 1,000 tank, segment distribution and livestock use. livestock. lines and provides for CWPCs. Lorugum Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to River bank protection and drinking water for human 3,200 people and augmentation of supply by and livestock use. 20,000 livestock. laying extension to distribution mains and construction of two water kiosks. 35 Kainuk Water Supply To guarantee access to safe Access clean water to Provide I 00m' steel elevated Kainuk Division drinking water for human 2,500 people and tank and extension of and livestock use. 14,000 livestock. reticulation system 2" GI/UPVC 4 km long. Lokichar Water Supply To guarantee. access to safe Access clean water to Drill borehole to 60m depth Lokichar Division drinking water for human 2,000 people and 4,000 and equip with pumping and livestock use. livestock. unit, lay rising main 2 km long and construct pump house. B: New Project Proposals: Major Water works and Sanitation Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine Makutano Water I To guarantee Available enough Lay rising main 14 km long, Supply access to safe water to 1,500 construct I 00m' masonry tank, potable drinking people and 1,200 install reticulation system and water for both livestock. provide pumping unit. human and Justification: livestock. To provide clean, safe ground drinking water for Ii vestock and human consumption wh9 have no alternative within a reasonable distance. Todonyang Water 2 To guarantee Access clean Drill borehole and equip with Supply access to safe water to 1,000 appropriate pump and provide potable drinking people and reticulation system. water for both 20,000 livestock. Justification: human and To provide clean, safe ground livestock. drinking water for livestock and human consumption who have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Kalemunyang Water 3 To guarantee Provide clean Drill borehole to depth of 60 m and Project access to safe water to 1,200 equip with suitable pumping unit; potable drinking people and 1,000 Erect 50m1 steel elevated tank and water for both livestock. provide requisite accessories for human and reticulation system. livestock. Justification: To provide clean, safe ground drinking water for livestock and human consumption who have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Lokichoggio Water 4 To guarantee Provide clean Drill borehole 50 m deep and equip Project access to safe water to 5,000 wiJh appropriate pumping unit, Lolcichogio Division potable drinking people and erect 10 0m1 steel elevated tank and water for both 15,000 livestock. i{rovide requisite mains for human and community. livestock. Justification: To provide clean, safe ground drinking water for livestock and human consumption who have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Kaloboi Water s To guarantee- Avail enough Drill borehole to at least 60m deep Project access to safe quality water for and equip with appropriate Hand potable drinking 3,000 people and pump. water for both I 5,000 livestock. Justification: human and To provide clean, safe ground livestock. drinking water for livestock and human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. 36 r Kataruk Water 6 To guarantee Avail water for Drill borehole and equip with Hand Project access to safe 4,000 people and pump provide water trough. potable drinking 40, 000 livestock. Justification: water for both To provide clean, safe ground human and drinking water for livestock and livestock. human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Riel Water Project 7 To guarantee 8,000 people and Drill borehole to at least 80m deep access to safe 40,000 livestock and provide appropriate Hand potable drinking to access enough pump together with reticulation water for both water. system. human and Justification: livestock. To provide clean, safe ground drinking wale{ for livestock and human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Kangirisae Water 8 To guarantee Benefit 3,500 Drill borehole to at least 60m deep Project access to safe people and CIW apt. Hand pump and potable drinking 30,000 livestock reticulation system. water for both herds. Justification: human and To provide clean, safe ground livestock. drinking water for livestock and human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Nadukamel (Upper 9 To guarantee Access water to Drill borehole and a fix apt Tiya) Water Project access to safe 4,000 people and pumping unit. potable drinking 20,000 livestock. Justification: water for both To provide clean, safe ground human and drinking water for livestock and livestock. human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Lochremoit Water JO To guarantee Accesses water to Establish conventional water Project access to safe 5,000 people and supply system. potable drinking 10,000 livestock. Justification: water for both To provide clean, safe ground human and drinking water for livestock and livestock. human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. Namukuse Water 11 To guarantee Access water to Drill boreholes to depth of 60m Project access to safe 2,000 people and and equip with appropriate potable drinking 11,000 livestock. pumping unit, erect 50 m' elevated water for both steel tank and install reticulation human and system as necessary. livestock. Justification: To provide clean, safe ground ' drinking water for livestock and human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing - water within a reasonable distance. . . Kapus Wijler Project 12 To guarantee Access water to Drill borehole and equip it with access to safe 2,000 people and appropriate pumping unit. potable drinking 11,000 livestock. Justification: water for both To provide clean, safe ground human and drinking water for livestock and livestock. human consumption that have no alternative source of accessing water within a reasonable distance. .. 37 Construct Water 13 To guarantee Medium size 11 Carry out civil works of pan Pans accesses to enough pans constructed. construction of capacity 11600m'. Lorengesinyen, Riel, water for Justification: Nana, Lokitipi Plans, Livestock watering Provide clean water to an Mogilla, Songot, and other uses increasing number of people and Kokurotuko, other than human livestock. Lokiriama drinking. Lorengippi Kalemunyang Development and 14 To guarantee Develop and Execute civil works in Protection of Springs accesses and protect 15 development and protection of Kibish_Division enough water for springs. springs Lomoruedome, Livestock watering Justification: Koyasa, and other uses To ensure continuous water flow. Nangolemoru, other than human Lotaruk, drinking. Lokamarinyang, Kaleng_Lorumor, Loruth, lomanakipi, Lomelo Division Lorusio Lokori Division Tegeit, Lokichar Division Lochwangamatak, Lokitaung Division Natoo Katilu Division Naoyanga Kerio Division Kerio Loima Division Lokiriama Shallow Well 15 To guarantee Sink and equip 38 Sinking of shallow wells and Programme accesses to enough shallow wells. equipping them with hand pumps. South Kaputiro, water for Justification: Loi tan it, Livestock watering Provide clean and safe drinking Karubangorok, and other uses water. Kibish, Kangarok, other than human Kibish, drinking. Lokamarinyang, loyoro, Nasachaburi, Kechunyuk, Nakwaperit, Narcngoi, Oropoi, Lokichoggio, Nakapelieoi Central Kotela, Nasura, Lokipo, Kerio, Nadoto, Nakurio, Kalemunyang, Lorengippi, Lokiriam, Loima, Nakatian, Lochor- aikeny, Lorengelup North Lokapel, Katilu, Juluk, Kapcliobok, Loki char, Nakwamoru, Lokori, Kaputir, Lokwamosing 38 Community 16 Impart operation 30 management Mobilize communities to elect Management and management committees management committees and Committees Training skills in the trained. organize training workshops for I ' Programme communities in them. District wide running water Justification: supplies and To ensure water supply protecting sustainability. conserving water resources as outlined in Sessional paper No. I of 1999 on national Policy on water resources management and development. Pump Maintenance 17 Guarantee access One store Construct store and stock with Unit Project to fast moving constructed and spares for all hand pumps in the spares for repair of stocked at the district. hand pumps. water office Justification: Offer standby spares. Drilling and 18 Guarantee access Purchase one Purchase one drilling and one Tarameter to fast moving drilling and one Tara-meter. spares for repair of tarameter. Justification: hand pumps. Currently there arc no such machines-in the district and to access one from other areas is cumbersome. A: On-going Projects and Programmes-: Roads Project Name Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Kainuk- Nakabosan Facilitate transport of 66km of road to be Road reconstruction. , RDA! goods, services and people. recons~cted. Lodwar- Nakabosan Facilitate transport of 120 km of road to be Road resealing. goods, services and people. resealed. Lokori Kapeddo Facilitate transport of 134 km to be gravelled. Road graveling. goods, services and people. Namorutunga box culvert Facilitate transport of I box culvert to be Construction of box goods, services and people. constructed. culvert. Lodware-Kolokol 60km Facilitate transport of 60 km to be of road Road resealing. {RD D348) goods, services and people. resealed. • Drifts Lokichar (RD Al) Facilitate transport of 2 Drifts to be Road reconstructed. Kachoda (RD C47) _goods, services and people. reconstructed. Kakuma-Lokichogio Facilitate transport of 120 km of road to be Repair and resealing. goods, services and people. repaired and resealed. Lodwar - Makutano Facilitate transport of 70 km of road to be Resealing. goods, services and people. resealed. 39 B: New Project Proposals: Roads Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Ranking Kakuma-Kaikor 1 Facilitate transport 126 km road to be Road grading. of goods, services graded. Justification: and people The area is inaccessible and hence to make it reachable and facilitate service delivery in livestock and human health, trade and commerce. B: New Projects Proposals: Energy Project Name Priority Objective Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankin2 Rural Electrification 1 To enhance business Supply power to Construct and erect electricity Programme activities in the Peri- Kawalathe power lines to the peri-urban urban areas of Lodwar Kanarnkemer areas of Lodwar Town. Town. Nakwamekwi Justification: Napeter. Supply of electricity in these areas will promote social and economic development. 3.2. 7 Cross Sector linkages ,. The Physical Infrastructure sector will greatly facilitate the growth of the district economy by enhancing transportation of inputs and outputs for development purposes in various parts of the district. Adequate and good transportation network will help rejuvenate trade within the district and neighbouring districts while adequate energy supply will boost the growth of trade, industry and facilitate the production of various goods and services. Effective delivery of essential services like health, livestock vaccination campaigns, and security depend on adequate and passable roads. The production of crops and livestock in Turkana District squarely depends on this sector through the supply of water. 3.3 TOURJSM, TRADE AND INDUSTRY I ! • 3.3.1 Vision and Mission . i, The sector vision and mission are "contributing to the socio-economic development of the country through facilitation of an enabling environment for sustainable growth and I promotion of trade, industry, tourism and regional integration with a view to improving the welfare of all Kenyans." I j • I ! I 40 3.3.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission To enhance business activities in the district, during the plan period, business management training will be intensified, while small-scale loans will be advanced to the businessmen. The district wills also endeavour to encourage the initiation and support of small-scale industries such as modem slaughterhouse, tannery, leather works and brick making. Tourism development in the district will be promoted through the development of infrastructure activities such as access roads, gates and water at both Turkana South game Reserve and Nasolot Game Reserve. Furthermore, water and fish sporting and expeditions on river Omo will be encouraged and supported. The existing lodge at lake Turkana will be rehabilitated and a lodge will be constructed at Southern Turkana Game Reserve to facilitate the promotion of tourism. 3.3.3 Importance of the Sector in the District The Tourism, Trade and Industry Sector is not well established in most parts of the district. However, the trade sub-sector is fairly established and contributes to development of the district by facilitating the community to access essential services such as consumption domestic goods. It is through trade that the district access goods and services from other parts of the country. At the same time the district is able to sell its livestock, fish, artefacts, mats baskets and wood fuel for consumers inside and outside the district. In the district about 8 per cent of the people are engaged in small-scale business like selling charcoal, fuel wood, hawking, small-scale business and other Jua-Kali activities. 3.3.4 Role of Stakeholders in the District Stakeholder Role Local Authorities - Turkana County Council. Collect revenue from commercial ventures, promote tourism related activities and planning of urban centres; Provision of basic infrastructure and collection of garbage. Banks Provide banking services; and provision of credit. Department of Trade and Industry. Training of entrepreneurs on business skills, provides loans to the business community, encourage investments in industrial ventures and provide relevant business information to the local entrepreneurs. NGOs Train in and mobilizin of local communities. 41 3.3.S Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Targets Sub sector Priorities Constraints Strategies Tourism Infrastructure Inaccessibility; Development of development in potential Geographical location of infrastructure. tourism sites. the districts; Insecurity. Trade, commerce and Empowennent of the Limited credit facilities; Training on business Industry small-scale entrepreneurs. Limited managerial skills management; by entrepreneurs. Provision of small-scale loans to businessmen 3.3.6 Project and Programme Priorities A: On-going Projects and Programmes: Trade Project Name, Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Capacity Building To empower the To train 340 small-scale Training on business management. small-scale entrepreneurs on business entrepreneurs on management skills annually. business management. Credit Scheme To enhance the 50 small-scale traders Advance credit to small-scale working capital of the advanced with credit loans businesses. small scale annually. entrepreneur/traders 3.3. 7 Cross Sector Linkages Tourism, Trade and Industry Sector is closely linked to the Physical Infrastructure Sector. The infrastructure sector facilitates the transportation of goods and services from one part of the district to the other thus enabling the people to have access to both consumption and production goods. Good and passable road network influence tourism activities. The public administration, safety, law and order provided by the Provincial Administration ensures that peace and harmony exist for tourism, trade and industrial activities to be implemented. The Information, Communication Technology Sector facilitates the growth of Tourism, Trade, and Industry Sector through advertisement on TV, radio and Internet. 3.4 HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 3.4.1 Vision and Mission The sector vision is "to achieve sustainable development and utilization of human resources in order to attain better quality of life for all Kenyans". The mission of the sector is "achievement of greater levels of human resources development through improved human capabilities, effective human power utilization and social-cultural I enhancement". I I 42 I 3.4.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission I During the seven years plan period, the district will endeavour to produce quality labour force. On education, the district resources will be invested in the improvement/provision of teaching and learning facilities such as classrooms, water and sanitation, desks, mattresses, beds, sheets, blankets, mosquito nets, textbooks, solar panels and pressure lamps. Efforts will also be made to intensify advocacy, social mobilization and community sensitisation on education, provide educational bursaries and enhance the school-feeding programme. On the health sub-sector the district will concentrate on expanded immunization, reduction of prevalent diseases and reduction the spread of HIV/A IDS. Additional health facilitates will be provided, mobile clinical services, health education, intensified and adequate drug supply provided. Furthermore, efforts will be made to ensure that adequate health staffs are posted to all the health facilities in the district. The adult education sub-sector will channel its resources to provide teaching and learning facilities, assist the community start additional learners classes, community mobilization and sensitisation and departmental capacity building. 3.4.3 Importance of the Sector in the District The human resource development sector is key to the development of the labour force of the district. It provides all other sectors with skilled, healthy and well-trained labour- force thus offering effective service. The education sub-sector trains and produces quality labour force for the various professions. A well-educated population has the capacity for innovative approach to development. The level of business management and the maximizing of returns are determined by the quality of labour force. The education sub- sector therefore plays a key role in determining economic growth. The health and nutrition sub-sector ensures that the health condition of the workforce and the work environment is conducive by putting in place effective health strategies. The sector controls all the epidemics, which threaten the human race. The human resources development sector empowers the people to make well-articulated judgment and decisions. 3.4.4 Role of Stakeholders in the District Stakeholder Role Ministry of Education Provision of teachers, supervising and inspecting education institutions; Ministry of Health Provide education to the public on disease prevention and health promotion; Provide health facilities with equipment and staff; Promote home based care for aids patients; NGOs Provision of textbooks and physical facilities to schools, support children from poor families with fees and unifonn; Arid Lands resources Management Programme Provision of textbooks and physical facilities to schools; Social Services De artment Mobilise communities and rovide trainin . 43 ,,. 3.4.S Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies Sub Sector Priorities Constraints Strate2ies Health and Improve the health Inadequate health facilities; Immunization campaign; Nutrition status of the people. Inaccessible health facilities; Expand mobile health services Inadequate drug supply; Preventive and curative health Limited mobile clinical services; services; Rapid spread of HIV. Health education; Expansion of health facilities; Reduce the spread of HIV/ AIDS. Education and Improvement of Inadequate teaching and learning Provision of learning and te;iching Training education standard in facilities; facilitates; the district; Negative parental altitude Provision of bursaries to needy Improve enrolment, towards education; students; retention and Early marriages particularly for Enhancement of school feeding completion rates. girls; programme; Inability of parents to meet Community sensitisation. educational levies; Inaccessibility to educational facilities; Lack of guidance and counselling; Inhibiting cultural practices; Lack of parental care. Adult Education Improve literacy Lack of learning and teaching Recruitment of teaching staff levels of adults and materials; Sensitisation of the community on the youth out of Limited capacity of the teaching adult education; school. staff; Assist the community to start Nomadic life style; additional learning centres; Low altitude towards education. Provision of learning materials Training/re-fresher courses for the teaching staff; Capacity building of the department. 3.4.6 Project and Programme Priorities A: On-going Project: Education and Training Project Name, Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division School Bursaries Improve retention and 80% of bright students Provision of bursaries to bright District wide completion rate in advanced with students. - schools. bursaries. Leaming and Enhance enrolment, 277 pre-primary; Assist the community to provide Teaching Facilities retention and completion 161 primary; teaching and learning facilities. District wide rates in schools. 8 secondary schools to be assisted. Community To enhance enrolment Carry out 50 To sensitise the community on the Mobilization and retention and completion sensitisation meetings. importance of education. 1 Sensitization rates in schools. District wide School Feeding To improve the To provide three course To enhance school feeding I Programme enrolment, retention and meal in 42 boarding programme. District wide completion rates in schools. schools. Institutional Capacity Enhance the management 161 teachers and 50 Hold school management seminars Building of schools and education administrators for head teachers and education District wide in the district. earmarked for trainin2. administration. 44 B: New Project Proposals: Education and Training Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankin2 Kalokol A.LC I Expand education Construct the school to Construct the school. Kalokol Division facilities to cater for completion. Justification: the increasing The demand for secondary demand. education is increasing rapidly to the extent that the current number of secondary schools in the district cannot CODI!. Lokichoggio A.LC 2 Expand education Construct the school to Construct the school. Moi Secondary facilities to cater for completion; Justification: School the increasing % of completion of the The demand for secondary Lokichogio Division demand. project. education is increasing rapidly to the extent that the current number of secondary schools in the district cannot cooe. Lokichar Secondary 3 Expand education Construct the school to Construct the school. School facilities to cater for completion. Justification: Lokichogio Division the increasing The demand for secondary demand education is increasing rapidly to the extent that the current number of secondary schools in the district cannot cooe. Songat Secondary 4 Expand education Construct the school to Construct the school. School facilities to cater for completion. Justification: the increasing The demand for secondary demand. education is increasing rapidly to the extent that the current number of secondary schools in the district cannot cooe. B: New Project Proposals: Adult Education Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine: Training and I Strengthen the I 00 new fulltime Employ additional adult Retraining of teaching staff. teachers employed; teachers; Teachers 19 existing teachers; Train both old and new District wide l 05 pan-time teacners; teachers. 100 new teachers; Justification: ~GO teachers trained. To strengthen delivery of services. Leaming and 2 Access teaching/ I 00 new and 163 existing Equip offices with enough Teaching Facilities Leaming resources centres equipped. teaching/learning District wide at DAEO and materials. AEO's office. J ustlfication: Assist create conducive worlcini;: atmosnhere. Motor Vehicle 3 Improve supervision One vehicle and 5 Pur~hase/provide one Motorbikes and monitoring of motorbikes. vehicle, 5 motor-bikes Central Division the Aduit Education (Yamaha 175 CC for Programme. supervisors). Justification: To ensure effective supervision of learning and teaching. Capacity Building 4 To strengthen non- Hold barazas at the Sensitisation of the of the Community formal education in catchments areas; community on NFE and Teachers the district. 120 NFE teachers Training NFE teachers District wide trained; and procurement of All NFE centres teaching materials. 45 provided with teaching Justification: aids. This will assist the community to appreciate the importance of Adult Education. Mobile Classes 5 Increase the number 10 mobile classes to be Establish IO mobile adult District wide of mobile classes in established. classes. the purely nomadic Justification: areas of the district. To ensure that majority of people attend adult classes. Provision of Office 6 Provide good and 4 division offices; Assist the community Equipments and spacious working Repair, paint and equip build and equip divisional Repair of Offices environment. the DAEO's office with offices; District wide photocopy machine, Renovate and equip electrical typewriter, DAEO's office. fans, steel cabinet, tables Justification: chairs and duplicating To assist create conducive machines. working atmosphere. A: On-going Projects and Programmes: Health and Nutrition Project Name Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division HIV/AIDS/TB Control Reduce HIV Reduce HIV Community sensitisation District wide transmission; transmission by 30 per campaigns; Improve care for cent; Condom distribution; PLWA; Increase TB treatment Train health workers, counsellors, Reduce TB load on centres from the teachers, on STI/HIY/AIDS/TB the community. current 5 - I 0. control; Establish Voluntary ~ounselling Centres; Strengthen blood donor services; Establish more TB treatment centres. Malaria Control Reduce malaria Reduction of malaria Promote community health Programme morbidity and related morbidity and education and the sectoral District wide mortality. mortality by 40 per collaboration in mala~ia control; cent. Promote use of insecticides and treated nets; Promote proper treatment and management of malaria patients. Water and Sanitation Improved sanitation Percentage of Sensitise community on safe District wide and water supply households with drinking water; systems. access to safe water Management of communal water and use of latrines to resources, and use of latrines; be increased. Train health workers on HACCP sampling and inspection techniques; Train food handlers on hygienic food management. Expanded Programme and Improved Increase immunization Train 130 health workers \ind Immunization immunization-rate. rate from 40 per cent sensitise community on EPI District wide to 80 per cent. services; Immunization campaigns Procure 40 EPI refrigerators. Lodwar School of Nursing Complete on.going Complete all the Construction of road works and Central Division project. outstanding works. parking; Purchase fire fighting equipment; j Construction a high-level water tank. I Lokitaung Sub-District Complete on-going Complete all the Complete finishes and installation· Hospital project. outstanding works. of electrical works. 46 Kibish Dispensary Complete on-going Complete finishes Complete finishes, plumbing, Kibishi Division project. painting, doors; paining doors; Drill borehole; Drill shallow well Fencing and septic Construct septic tank; tank. Fencing. Kapeto Dispensary Improve accessibility Dispensary completed. Construction of dispensary. of health services. Kangakipur Improve accessibility Project completion. Construction of health facility. of health services. Kokuro Improve accessibility Project completion. Construction of health facility. of health services. 1 Hydatid Control Promote community Reduce hydatid Community sensitisation on • Programme based hydatid control incidence from 25 to hydatid control; District wide mechanisms; 4%. Treat dogs, sterilize female dogs Improve management and destroy infected carcases; of hvdatid patients. Treatment of hydrated patients. Integrated Management of Improve management Under 5 mortality rate Training of health workers and Childhood Illnesses of childhood illnesses. will reduce from 170 community on IMCI. District wide to 120 per I 0,000 by 2008. Intestinal Worms Control Break the cycle of Prevalence of Community sensitisation on worm District wide worm transmission. intestinal worms control; reduced by 50 per Conduct targeted de-worming cent. campaigns. Community Capacity Improve access of Increase health Training ofCHWs and TBAs Building health services by the coverage from SOper (1260). District wide communitv. cent to 80 per cent. B: New Project Proposals: Health Nutrition Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/Division Rankine Lokangae I Access health I dispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 Dispensary services to the 3 staff houses, staff houses water supply and people. I borehole and 3 latrines. latrines constructed. Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facilitv. Nakeret 2 Access health I dispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 Dispensary services to the 3 staff houses, staff houses water supply and people. 1 borehole and 3 latrines. latrines constructed. Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facilitv. Lomeyan 3 Access health I dispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 Dispensary services to the 3 staff houses staff houses water supply and people. I borehole and 3 latrines. latrines constructed, Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Kapua Dispensary 4 Access health \dispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 services to the 3 staff houses, staff houses water supply and people. I borehole and 3 latrines. latrines constructed. Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Kamagus 5 Access health \dispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 Dispensary services to the 3 staff houses, stafThouses water supply and people. 1 borehole and 3 latrin::s. latrines constructed. J ustilication: 47 .. It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Makutano 6 Access health ldispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 Dispensary services to the 3 staff houses, staff houses water supply and people. l borehole and 3 latrines. latrines constructed. J ustlflcation: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Naorus Dispensary 7 Access health ldispensary block; Construct dispensary block, 3 services to the 3 staff house, staff houses, people. l of borehole and 3 water supply and latrines. latrines constructed. Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Kaikor Health 8 Improve access I health centre block; Construction health centre block, Centre of health 3 staff houses, 3 staff houses water supply and services by the l borehole and 3 latrines. community. latrines. Justification: It is a settled area, highly populated with no nearby health facility. Male Ward at 9 Improved Male ward Construction of male wards. Lodwar District inpatient constructed. Justification: Hospital management. The old men ward has been Central Division condemned and currently the male patients are squeezed in one tiny room. Amenity Ward at 10 Increase Amenity ward Construction of amenity ward. Lodwar District inpatient constructed. Justification: Hospital facil ities. Provide more inpatient space and Central Division increase the revenue to the hospital. Communication 11 Improve 20 health facilities Procurement and distribution of Radios communication equipped with radio radio communication equipments. District wide network for set systems. Justification: timely To ensure quick responses to responses. emergency cases. Cold Chain 12 To raise the 6 panel completed; Acquisition of cold chain Fridges and Solar immunization 6 fridges. facilities. Panels and Battery rate from 40 per Justification: Set cent to 80 per To assist improved expanded District wide cent. immunization programme. Microscopes 13 Enhance lab 4 microscopes. Purchase light microscopes. District wide detection e.g. Justification: malaria. \ Improve diagnosis of Malaria cases at the dispensary and health centres. 3.4. 7 Cross Sector Linkages The performance of the Human Resources Development Sector is closely linked to the performance of the other sectors mainly Agriculture and Rural Development, and '•' Tourism, Trade and Industry, sectors. These two sectors provide employment -J I opportunities to the labour force in the district. I 1 Public administration, safety law and order sector also plays a crucial role by creating a peaceful working environment for the Human Resource Development Sector to undertake I its projects and programmes. To improve the education standard in terms of facilities, the 48 Tourism, Trade and Industry sector will have to generate more income for investment in these facilities. The local community will participate in all the sectors of the economy in order to generate enough income for consumption and saving for investment in: other production activities. 3.5 INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 3.5.1 Sector Vision and Mission The sector vision is "for Kenya to be at the forefront in Africa in the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve the quality of life and competencies," while the mission is "to promote and enable the society by developing a National Information Infrastructure (NII) and skills for all Kenyans regardless of geographical or socio-economic status". 3.5.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission During the plan period, the district will focus on strengthening and improving communication, which at the moment is poorly functioning. The main areas of concern will be to, strengthen the existing radio booster for better reception, install a television booster in the district, modernize the existing telephone for better reception, purchase one TV camera for recording development programmes, purchase one mobile cinema unit to stage development in the district, establish a local newspaper to be published weekly, start GIS at the DIDC for the development of a data bank, purchase a 4 WD vehicle fitted with coda radio for information office and a mobile telephone facility fitted in the information vehicle. 3.5.3 Importance of the sector in the district Information Communication Technology is very important for the development of the district. It's through communication on electronic media that important information such as the spread of HIV/AIDS can reach the majority of people. Trade and commerce can easily be facilitated through TV, Internet, radio and newspapers advertisement. Through the media important national and international events occurrences like new research discoveries and inventions are accessed. Information for quick decision-making and action is easily made through fax, e-mail and courier services. 3.5.4 Roles of stakeholders in the sector Stakeholder Role Government Provide policy on ICT and guidelines; Private Sector Train the public on ICT and provide commercial internet access. Ministry of Finance and Planning Establish and malce operational District Information and Documentation Centres. NGOs Information System; Provide technical su ort. 49 3.5.5 Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies Sub-sector Priorities Constraints Strategies ICT Establish project data Lack of machinery and Purchase of bank and GIS in DIDC. equipment; Equipment; Capacity building. Lack of trained Organize training personnel. sessions. 3.5.6 Project and Programme Priorities B: New Project Proposals: ICT Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Description of Activities Location/ Division Rankine Databank/GIS I Collection, storage and Adequate Purchase of Central Division dissemination of information equipment; equipment/machinery. for project planning and machines and Justification: implementation, monitoring materials Assist improves planning by and evaluation. procured. availing the much-needed data and other relevant information. Capacity Building 2 Empower officers. Train 400 Organize training. District wide officers. Justification: Equip officer with necessary skills for efficient delivery to clients. 3.5. 7 Cross Sector Linkages The Information Communications Technology sector will facilitate project planning and implementation by various sectors of the economy by dissemination of relevant information. Furthermore, other sectors should fully support the initiative to make the DIDC fully functional as an information reference centre. The private sector will play a major role in JCT investment for the sector to achieve its mission and vision. This will include investing in IT services and training the various, stakeholders in the application of the technology. The Human Resource sector through the education sub-sector will facilitate the introduction and growth of IT training that all levels of the local learning institutions. 3.6 PUBLIC ADMINSTRATION, SAFETY, LAW AND ORDER 3.6.1 Sector Vision and Mission ' The vision of the sector is "prudent management and governance in order to maximize the welfare of all Kenyans"; while the mission is ''to promote socio-economic and politically stable development of the country through the provision of administration, efficient management of fiscal policies~ ensuring overall macro-economic stability and the creation of an enabling environment for economic growth and development. 50 3.6.2 District Response to Sector Vision and Mission In order to create conducive working environment for development to take place peace and stability must prevail. Peace and stability in the district can be guaranteed by holding hannonization meetings within and beyond the district boundary. The police security force will be strengthened to effectively contain the insecurity menace in the district by providing communication facilities and vehicles, establishment of security outposts' troubled areas and opening up security roads. 3.6.3 Importance of the Sector in the District Provincial administration plays a key role in the maintenance of law and order in the district. The security force endeavours to ensure that law and order is maintained in the district for meaningful development to take place. Protection of people and their property is a prerequisite for development and economic growth. Public Administration, Safety Law and Order will articulate government policies in various areas and coordinate their implementation. Furthermore, this sector will coordinate and oversee the implementation of projects and programmes in the district. The two local authorities, Turakana County council and Lodwar Municipal Council provide infrastructure services to the community by construction of facilities such as nursery schools, slaughter houses, social halls and livestock sale yards thereby offering employment to the community. 3.6.4 Role of Stakeholders Stakeholder Role r Provincial Administration Law enforcement, mobilization of public and chairing I development committee meeting. ,, Judiciary Ensures that justice is carried out. Prisons Department Keeping custody of convicts and remands prisoners. Civil Registration Department Registering of birth and deaths in the district. Registration Department Registration of Kenyans who have attained 18 years and issuin them with identification cards. 3.6.5- Sub-sector Priorities, Constraints and Strategies Sub-sector Priorities Constraints Strategies \ Provincial Maintenance of Lack of security; Hold peace harmonization meetings Administration Law and Order. Communication gadgets; internally and externally; Lack/inadequate transport Procure effective communication (vehicles); gadgets for the security force; Lack/inadequate security roads. Provide adequate serviceable vehicles to the security force; Strengthen KPR force; Carry out community sensitisation on security matters; Establish security outposts. Provincial' HIV/AIDS. Rapid spread of HIV/Aids; Community sensitisation; Administration No cure for HIV/Aids; Distribution of condoms; Stigmatisation of HIV/ Aids Treatment of STI/STDS; victims; Screening of blood; Slow attitude change. Establish Village Counselling Centres. District Complete stalled Lack of funds. Complete the project. Planning Units proiects. 51 Development Training in PRA, Inadequate trained officers. Organize PRA training Planning Mand E. Hold PRA at the community and the district level. DIDC Provide equipment. Poorly functioning DIDC; Equip the DIDC. Lack of equipments. 3.6.6 Project and Programme Priorities ..,, I A: On-going Projects: Provincial Administration Project Name Objectives Tatgets Description of Activities Location Division Internal and External Create conducive 20 peace meetings held Hold 20 peace meetings per year Peace Meetings and enabling · annually. (Internal and external). District wide environment for development. Institutional Capacity Create conducive 5 posts opened; Establish security outpost at trouble Building of the and enabling 20 communication gadgets spot areas; Security Force environment for bought; Procure effective communication District wide development. 4 land rovers purchased; gadgets/systems for the security 200km of security roads force; opened; Provide adequate and serviceable Security early warning vehicles to the security force; system institutionalized. Open up security roads; Set up early warning security systems. Develop M&E Strengthen planning All projects and To develop M and E system for the Svstem Mand E Pro2T311l1Tles in the district. district. DIDC Equipment Strengthen planning To equip the DIDC with Purchase DIDC Machineries and Central Division computers and other equipment. accessories. HIV/AIDS Reduce the spread Hold Barazas/seminars. Organise/barazas, trainings and District wide of HIV/AIDS distribute condoms. District Planning Complete stalled Complete plastering, Construct the project to completion. Unit. project. electrical works, plumbing, Central Division doors, and windows. B: Project Proposals: Development Planning Project Name Priority Objectives. Targets Description of Activities. Division/Location Rankine M and E System 1 Strengthen planning M M&E. To develop M and E system District wide and E. Institutionalised. for the district. Justification: To ensure timely and transparency in project implementation. Training on PRA 2 Strengthen planning M To train 600 Train all heads of District wide and E. participants during the departments and plan period. development committees on These will be 4 PRA, project management trainings per year. Mand E. Justification: To equip officer and communities with planning skills. DIDC Equipment 3 Strengthen planning. To equip the DIDC Purchase DIDC Central Division with computers and Machineries and other accessories. equipment. Justification: To store, and disseminate infonnation/date for planning. 52 B: New Project Proposals: Local Government Project Name Priority Objectives Targets Location/Division Rankin2 Description or Activities Slaughter House I To create employment Construction of Central Division and raise the revenue slaughterhouses at Construction of base of the council. Lodwar. I slaughterhouse. Justification: C_urrcntly the town has no Guest Houses 2 To raise-the revenue Construct 3 rental dissent slau2hterhouse. Kainuk, Kalokol, base of the council and houses. Construction of Kakuma Division offer accommodation. Gucsthouses. Justification: To offer accommodation and raise the revenue to the council. Boreholes 3 Provision of clean Drill boreholes District wide potable water Drilling of boreholes. Justification: To ensure that water is within the reasonable distance. Sewerage Exhauster 4 To ensure cleanliness Procure one exhauster. Purchase of sewerage of market and town exhauster. centres. Justification: Currently there is no exhauster in the district and when in need the same is hired from Pokot. Turkana South 5 Promote wildlife Construction of Construction of Game Reserve activities at the infrastructure. Infrastructure SWG as Reserve. access roads, gates water supply. Justification: To create conducive environment for the tourist. Social Halls 6 To offer conducive Construction of four · Construct of social hal Is. Lokichoggio, environment for social social halls. Justification: Kakuma events. There arc no social Lokichar, Lorugum facilities in these towns. Sale yard, Kibish 7 Facilitate livestock 1 (o ne sale yard Construction of livestock Division off-take. constructed). sale yard. Justification: Assist/Promote livestock marketing. Nursery schools 8 Encourage and Five Pre-Primary Development of nursery Nachukui, Lorugum promote school schools established. schools. Namoruputh, development. Justification: Kakuma Promote the level of Nakalale education in the district/current there arc no such facilities in these areas. Market Stalls 9 Facilitate small-scale Two market stalls. Construction of market . Kakuma, business. stalls. (,,okichoggio Justification: Di,(isions To offer conducive selling/marketing facilities to the businessmen. 3.6. 7 Cross Sector Linkages Public Administration, Safety, Law and Order Sector is very crucial for development activities to talce place at any place. The sector endeavours to ensure peace and stability prevails so that an enabling environment is created for the other players in the economy. 53 For peace to prevail cooperation and collaboration by all sectors is a must. The provincial administration sub-sector will coordinate and ensure that government policies are understood and implemented. Agriculture and Rural Development Sector will require security for the farmers/pastorists to engage all their energy to livestock and farming activities. The Human Resource Development and Physical infrastructure Sectors require coordinated effort, planning, implementation and monitoring for their projects and programme to be successfully implemented. The public Administration, safety, law and order sector require inputs from the other sector, such as well maintained°road network, reliable water supply, manpower, among other to achieve its mission and vision. S4 CHAPTER FOUR MONITORING AND EVALUATION 4.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter focuses on the Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) of projects and programmes set out in Ch~pter Three. The purp?se of M & E i~ to ens~re that implementation of these proJects and programmes 1s on schedule while ensunng that there is no deviation towards the realization of the project objectives. The chapter further presents hierarchical institutional framewor~, which wil_l be adapted to carryout M & E, ensuring the involvement of all stakeholders m the exercise. 4.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEM IN THE DISTRICT One of the major problems experienced during the 1997-2001 Plan period was the lkck of a proper monitoring and evaluation guidelines. The implementation of projects was hardly monitored; as funds were not allocated for this exercise, save for project progress reports tabled in the DDC/DEC. This method of monitoring proved counterproductive as in most cases reports tabled in development forums were not accurate and could only be verified through field visits by constituted committees. There is therefore, need to allocate adequate funds for monitoring and evaluation during the plan period. During the 2002-2008 Plan period, monitoring will be carried out continually while evaluation will be done periodically. Implementers will place a leading role in both monitoring and internal evaluation. The District Monitoring and Evaluation Committee (DMEC) with members drawn from various stakeholders will be charged with the responsibility of monitoring and evaluation of all development projects/programmes in the district so as to ensure faster implementation and high completion rates. The Divisional Monitoring and evaluation Committee (Div. M & E C) composed of the District Officer, Divisional Departmental Heads, NGOs representatives, donor agencies and other stakeholders will execute monitoring and evaluation of projects and programmes at the divisional level. Monitoring will be done on quarterly basis through field visits. Subsequent reports will be placed before the Divisional Development Committee for perusal, discussion, adoption, intervention and submission to the District Development Committee. Monitoring and evaluation at the community (village, sub locational, locational) level ,. will be the onus of the respective project committees basing their assessment on the project plans. While monitoring will be a continuous process, evaluation will be done in the mid ter:m and at the end of the plan period in 2008. 4.2 IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION MATRIX -, Sectoral projects, monitoring indicators and instruments that will be used to carry out the M & ~ are presented in the following matrix. "- ~ 57 4.2.1 Agriculture And Rural Development Project Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring lmplementin Stakeholders Kshs Frame Indicators Tools 2 Aeency Responsibilities Rehabilitation of 175M. 2002- No. of DALEO DALEO Funding; the Small Scale 2007 structures report; _I mplementation. Irrigation rehabilitated; DOC/DEC Schemes Turkwel dam minutes. desilted; No. of boreholes drilled; - Acreage under irrigation. Provision of 12M. 2002- No. of farmers DALEO DALEO Funding; Fann Inputs 2007 provided with reports; Implementation. seeds; DOC/DEC No. of farmers minutes practicing farming. Capacity 7M. 2002- No. of PRA DALEO DALEO Funding Building/ 2007 training reports; Implementation. Extension sessions held; DDCIDEC No. of farmers minutes. trained; ) No. of implants and equipment purchased and distributed to farmers. Pests and 0.8M. 2002- Amount of DALEO DALEO Funding; Diseases 2007 chemicals reports; Implementation. Control purchased DOC/DEC annually; minutes. No. of Livestock treated and acreage_of crops sprayed. Livestock 33M. 2002- No. of animals Community DALEO Funding; Improvement 2008 purchased. reports; Implementation. LSP reports DALEO reports; DOC/DEC minutes. Bee-Keeping 4M. 2000- No of training Community DALEO Funding. 2007 sessions reports; for farmers LSP reports; held; DALEO No. ofKTBHs reports; ,.- given; DDCIDEC , Kg of honey minutes. .•- - refined. -4, .. · . . , . . - . • -- ------ 58 I. Community 50 M. 2002- No. of1 amilies Community DALEO Restocking 2006 restocked. reports; Funding; LSP reports; Implementation. DALEO reports; DDCIDEC minutes. Pasture 186.5 M. 2002- Area under Community DALEO 2007 vegetati0n reports; Funding. Restocking Programme cover LSP reports; increased DALEO livestoclc reports; productivity. DDC/DEC minutes. Livestock Water 7M. 2002- Number of Community DALEO Funding. Development 2006 water pans and reports; troughs LSP reports; constructed; DALEO Average km Reports; Travelled to DDC/DEC the livestock minutes. point. Livestock 7.85 M. 2002- Number of Community DALEO Funding; Marketing 2006 livestock reports; Expertise. traders LSP reports; supported; DALEO Livestock reports; sales. DDCIDEC minutes. Livestock 9,824,500 2002- No. of animals LSP reports DVO Funding; Disease and Pest 2008 vaccinated and Expertise. Control treated. Capacity 4 Million No. of trained DVO DVO Implementation Building CAHWs reports Funding. Infrastructure SM. 2002- crushes DECIDDC DVO Funding; Development 2006 constructed; Minutes. Expertise. 4 drug stores constructed. Veterinary 515,000 2002- S0DHZ DVO DVO Implementing Equipment 2004 purchased; reports; Funding 40 di-zone Community glass reports; purchased; LSP 800 syringes reports. purchased; 4 microscopes purchased; No. of reagents bought. Rural Tannery 3.2M. 2002- Tanneries DVO DVO Implementing; and Abattoir 2007 constructed; reports; Funding; Sales of hides community Expertise. and skin. reports; LSP reports. Fish Production 957,000 2002- No. of boats DDCIDEC DALEO Funding ·- 2006 repaired; minutes; (Department of Implementation; No. of boats DFO . Fisheries). Expertise. constructed;· reports; No. of ropes NGOs provided, reports; LSP reoorts. 59 Post Fish 2.3M. 2002- No. of training DOC/DEC DALEO Funding; Harvest 2006 sessions held minutes; (Department of Expertise. Management and fisher forks DFO Fisheries). trained; reports; No. of racks DALEO constructed reports; LSP reoorts. Institutional 2.15 M. 2002- No. of DOC/DEC DALEO Funding; Capacity 2007 motorbikes minutes; (Department of Implementing; Building bought; DFO Fisheries). Expertise. No. of reagent reports; bought DALEO annually; reports; Fiber glass LSP bought and reports. available; Laboratory in use; Extension services strenlrthened. Capacity 4M. 2002- No. of training DOC/ DALEO Funding; Building for 2007 sessions DEC (Department of Expertise. Fishermen conducted and minutes; Fisheries) fisher folks DFO trained; reports; No. of groups DALEO offisher reports; farmers LSP supported reports. financially. Rural Water 65M. 2002- No. of shallow TRP TRP Funding, Supplies 2006 wells disilted, Reports; Implementing, sunk and OWE Expertise. equipped; reports; No. of shallow DOC/DEC wells minutes. rehabilitated; No. of water pans dislted; No. of Sub- surface schemes at Kangatosa, Lokorokol, Kataruk and Kibish. Rain Water SM. 2002- No. of water TRP TRP Funding; Harvesting 2006 harvesting reports; Implementation; structures OWE Expertise. . ;constructed; reports Availability of DOC/DEC water at short minutes walking distance. Kibish 16.5M 2002- No.of TRP TRP Funding; Multipurpose 2006 boreholes reports; Implementation; Project sunk; OWE Expertise . No. of shallow Reports; well sunk; DDC/DEC No. of water minutes. structures Average distance to the water paint. 60 Livestock II M. 2002- No. of water TRP TRP Funding; Improvement 2007 pans and reports; Implementation. storage tanks DLPO constructed; reports. No. of families supplied with KTBHS bright and supplied; Improved no. at free ranges. Minor Irrigation I0M. 2002- Functional TRP TRP Funding l Schemes 2007 micro- reports Implementation irrigation schemes at Kangatosa, Lokoroko/Kata l .ruk and Kibish. Credit Scheme 4M. 2002- No. of DDC/DEC DCO Funding. 2007 marketing minutes; societies Marketing advanced with cooperative credit. reports; DCO reports. Capacity 2M. 2002- No. of training DDC/DEC DCO Training; Building for Co- 2005 sessions and minutes; Funding. operative held; Marketing Members No.of cooperative cooperatives reports; trained. DCO reports. Market and I.SM. 2002- No. of plots Surveys DCO Funding; Town 2007 demarcated; reports; Expertise. Demarcation at PDP drawing; LMC Lower, Lokori, Title Deeds reports/ Lokichoggio, issued; minutes; Kainuk, Survey maps. TCC Kakuma and report/ Katilu minutes. Cadastral survey 0.8M. 2002- No. of LMCand DPPO Funding; of Plots at 2007 cadastral TCC Expertise; Lower, Lokori surveys meeting Implementation. and Lokichoggio undertaken; minutes; No. of title DPPO deeds issued. annual reports. Topo Survey of 0.6M. 2002- No. of top DDC/DEC DPPO Funding; Plots at Kakuma 2007 surveys minutes; Expertise; llnd Lokori undertaken; DPPO Implementation. Survey maps. reports. District Map 0.2 M. 2002- District map DDC/DEC DPPO Funding; 2007 updated; Minutes. Expertise; Contract Implementation. documents. Cadastral Survey 0.3 M. 2002- Title deed for DDC/DEC DPPO Funding; ofMorulem 2007 morulem Minutes; Expertise; Irrigation irrigation Council Implementation. Scheme scheme issued. reports; DPPO reoorts. Environmental 1.4M. 2002- No.of DECO DECO Funding; Conservation 2007 meetings and reports; Implementation; people trained; DFI Expertise. No. of water reports; 61 pans OWE constructed; reports; No. of springs DOC/DEC protected; minutes. No. of tree nurseries started. Rural Water and 0.6M. 2002- No. of shallow DECO DECO Funding; Marine 2006 Wells, earth reports Implementation; Resource dams OWE Expertise Management constructed. reports Energy 0.4M. 2002- % increase in DECO DECO Funding; 2007 demand for reports; Implementation; energy serving Training; Expertise. devices. reports. . Sanitation 0.2M. 2002- No. of pit DECO DECO Funding; Improvement 2006 latrines Reports; Implementation; constructed; Training; Expertise. No. of Reports; workshops held. Disaster 0.5M. 2002- No. of disaster DECO DECO Funding; Management 2008 mitigation reports; lmplentation projects ALRMP implemented. reports. Environmental 0.4M. 2002- No. ofEIAs DECO DECO Funding raising; impact 2007 Carried Report Expertise. Assessment pit -E. (EIA). Rehabilitate All 123,000 2002- No. of rain MOC MOTC Mobilization of Serviceable 2005 gauges and report. funds; Station in the cylinders Expertise. District improved. Increase Area of 85,000 2002- No. of new MOTC MOTC Mobilization of Coverage for 2007 weather report. funds; ) Rainfall Data stations Expertise. Collection opened. Institutional 3.5 M. 2002- 3 Vehicles MOTC M0TC Provision of Capacity 2007 purchased; report. transport; Building I motor cycle Expertise. purchased. Construction of 12M. 2002- Weather MOTC MOTC Provision of funds; Meteorological 2007 station report. Implementation of Station at constructed in project; Lokichogio Lokichogio. Expertise. Rural 2M. 2002- Area of DFO DFO Finding; Afforestation 2007 acreage planted report; Implementation. with trees; DDC/DEC No. of minutes. seedlings distributed. Community IM. 2002- No. of DFO DFO Fui.Jing; capacity 2007 meetings held; reports; hi>lementation. building No. of people DDC/DEC trained. minutes. 62 4.2.2 Physical Infrastructure Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakebolden Project Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools A2ency Resoonslbilities 990M. 2002- No. ofkm DWO DWO (works) Provision of security Kainuk reports; and funds. Nakabosan 2008 reconstructed; Vehicular DDC/DEC RDAL volume; minutes Time taken. 360 M. 2002- No. ofkm DWO DWO Provision of security Lodwar 2008 resealed. reports; and funds. Nakabosan #. RDAL Vehicular DDC/DEC volume; Minutes. Time taken I00M. 2002- No. ofkm DWO OWO Provision of security Lokori Kapeddo C 113 2008 graveled; reports; and funds. Vehicular DDC/DEC volume; Minutes. Time taken. 2002- No. of DWO DWO Provision of security Namorutunga Box Culvert 2008 culverts in reports; and funds. (RD D348) place. DOC/DEC minutes. !SOM. 2002- No. ofkm of DWO DWO Provision of security Lodwar Kalokol (60 2008 road resealed. reports; funds. km)RD D348 DDC/DEC minutes. Drifts Lokichar 2 M. per 2002- No. of drifts DWO OWO Provision of security (RD Al) drift. 2008 constructed. reports; and funds. Kachoda DDC/DEC RDC47) minutes. Lokori RDCI 13) Kakuma 3M. 2002- No. ofkm DWO OWO Provision of security Koikor 2008 graded. reports; and provision of ODC/DEC funds. minutes. Repair and 407,080,6 2002- No. of kmof DWO DWO Provision of security Resealing of 80 2004 road to be reports. and provision of Kakuma rehabilitate. funds. Lokochogio Road Al Resealing of 153,999,4 2002- No kms of DWO OWO Provision of security Lodwar 59 2004 road reports. and funds. Makutano rehabilitated. Lokitang 0.23 M. 2002- Water System DWE DWE Funding; Water Supplv 2008 rehabilitated. reoorts. Expertise. Kalokol Water 3M. 2002- Water System DWE OWE Funding; Suoply 2008 rehabilitated. reoorts. Exoertise. Kerio Water 2.33 M. 2002- Water system DWE OWE Funding; Supply 2008 rehabilitated. reports; Expertise. - DDC/DEC minutes. Kokuro Water 0.4M. 2002- Water system DWE OWE Funding; Sunnlv 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Exoertise. Namuruputh 1.13 M. 2002- Water system OWE DWE Funding; Water Supply 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Expertise. Lorokon Water 0.79 M. 2002- Water system DWE OWE Funding; sunnlv 2008 rehabilitated. reoorts. Exnertise. Kibish Water I. 91 M. 2002- Water system DWE DWE Funding; Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. reports. lmolementinsz. Lorugum 0.465 M. 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Supply 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Implementing; Exoertisc. 63 Kainuk Water 3.425 M. 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Supply 2008 Rehabilitated. Reports. Implementing; Expertise. Lokichar 1.55 M. 2002- Water system OWE reports OWE Funding; Water Supply 2008 rehabilitated. Implementing; Expertise. Makutano 7,828,440 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Supply 2008 rehabilitated. Reports. Implementing; Expertise. Todonyang 3,020,760 2002- Water system OWE reports OWE Funding. Water Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. Kalemunyang 3,467,000 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding. Water Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. Reports Lokichogio 4,834,000 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding. Water Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. Reports Kaloboi Water 1,500,000 2002- Water system OWE reports OWE Funding; Suooly 2008 rehabi Ii tated. Implementing. Katuruk Water 1,950,000 2002- Water system OWE reports OWE Funding; Supply 2008 rehabilitated. Implementing. Riet Water 4,160,000 2002- Water system OWE reports OWE Funding; Supply 2008 rehabilitated. Implementing Kangirisae 4,320,00 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Suoolv 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Implementing Nadukamel 350,000 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Implementing Lochoremoit 2,910,000 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Suoolv 2008 rehabilitated. reports. lmolementing. Namukuse 3,534,000 2002- Water system OWE OWE Funding; Water Suooly 2008 rehabilitated. reports. Implementing. Water Pans 2002- No. of water OWE OWE Funding; 2008 pans reports. Implementing. constructed; No. of livestock ) people served by the pans; Average distance to water point. Development 3.75 M. 2002- No. of OWE OWE Funding; and Protection 2008 springs reports. Implementing. of Springs protected. - Shallow Well 4.56 M. 2002- No. of OWE DWE Funding; Programme 2008 shallow wells reports. Implementing. sunk. Capacity 1.8 M. 2002- No. of people OWE OWE Funding; Building 2008 trained. reports. Implementing. Pump 4M. 2002- Maintenance OWE OWE Funding; Maintenance 2008 unit functions. reports. Implementing. Unit Project Drilling Rig 2M. 2002- Rig in place. OWE OWE Funding; 2008 reports. Implementing. Rural 200 M. 2002- No. of KPLC KPLC Private sector to Electrification 2008 supplies/km reports; provide funds. Kwalathe constructed; DOC/DEC Nakwamekwi % of increase minutes Kanamkemer of people survey Napetel supplied with reports on electricity. energy supply in Lodwar. 64 4M. 2002- No. of people, Energy use DFO/DCEO Funds; Alternative 2008 institutions/or survey; reports; Implementation. Energy Supply ganizations DFO/DECO Partners using solar or Reports. reports. wind energy; % increase in demand for use of energy saving appliances; Reduced demand for wood fuel. 4.2.3 Tourism, Trade and Industry Project Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Entrepreneur 35 M. 2002- No. of traders DTDO DTDO Funding; Capacity 2008 trained; reports. Expertise. Building No. of businesses started; Income levels. Credit 16.l M. 2002- Amount credit DTDO DTDO Provision of credit Financing 2008 given and the reports. facilities; No. of Expertise. beneficiaries. 4.2.4 Human Resources Development Education Project Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakebolden Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Aeency Resoonsiblllties School SM. 2002- Amount of bursary DEO reports DEO Identification of Bursaries 2008 distributed and the DDC/DCE beneficiaries; no. of minute. Funding. beneficiaries; Completion rates. Teaching 3.2 M. 2002- No. of workshops DEO reports. DEO Funds; Facilities 2008 and no. of people Community trained. mobilization. School To be 2002- Amount of food DEO reports. DEO Funds; Feeding determined. 2008 allocated annually. Food. Programme Institutional 1.5 M. 2002- No. ofworkshops DEO reports. DEO Funds. Capacity 2008 held. ·Buildiniz Ralokoh AIC To be 2002- School constructed DEO reports DEO Material; Moi Secondary determined. 2008 and functional; Finance; School No. of students Equipment. admitted. Lokichogio To be 2002- School in place DEO reports. DEO Material; Secondary de:ermined. 2008 and functional; Finance; School No. of students Equipment. 11 admitted. ! Lokichogio To be 2002- Schools in place DEO reports. DEO Material; I Secondary determined. 2008 and functional; Finance; School No. of students Equipment. admitted. 65 Songot Tobe 2002- No. of students DEO reports. DEO reports; Material; Secondary determined. 2008 admitted. Finance; School Equipment DEO reports. Staff Training 450,000 2002- No. of new DOL reports. DEO Funding Recruitment 2005 teachers; No. of training sessions held. Leaming and 681,500 2002- No. of learning DOL Unicef DEO Funding material Teaching 2006 facilities; Reports. equipment. Facilities for Completion rate Jhe among the Department participants. Motor Vehicle 2,375,000 2002- One vehicle in Unicef DEO Equipment. and Motor 2007 place; Reports. Bikes 5 motorbikes in place. Leaming and 1,184,400 2002- No. of courses DOL Unicef DEO Materials Teaching 2007 offered; Reports. Funding. Facilities for No. of participants. Learners Community 2,542,250 2002- No of sensitisation DEO DEO Material Capacity 2008 workshops Reports. Funding. Building forming held; No of meeting held; No. of teachers trained. Learners 600,000 2008 No. of mobile Attendance DAEO Funding. Mobile Classes classes established register. Coverage made. ) 4.2.S Information Communication Technology Project Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementation Stakeholders (Kshs) Frame Indicators Tools A2ency Responsibility ICT I0M. 2002- No. of computers Quarterly Private sector; Expertise; 2008 purchased; annual reports. DDO. Funds by DPU. No. ofCyber cafes. Databank/CIS IOM. 2002- GIS programme in Quarterly/ DDO Expertise and 2008 place; annual reports. funds by DPU. No. of persons trained in GIS. Capacity I0M. 2002- No. of persons Quarterly/ DDO Expertise and Building 2008 Trained on IT. annual reports. funds by DPU. 4.2.6 Public Administration, Safety, Law and Order Project Name Cost Time Monitoring Monitoring Implementing Stakeholders Kshs. Frame Indicators Tools Agency Responsibilities Peace 0.8 M. 2002- No. of Provincial Provincial Funding; Hannonization 2008 harmonization Administration Administration. Faci litation. meetings held; reports; Reduced NGO reports. incidence of insecuritv. Security Posts 0.5 M. 2002-2204 No. of security Provincial Provincial Funding. posts Administration Administration. established. reoort. Security 2M. 2002-2004 No. of Provincial Provincial Funding; Communicatio communication Administration Administration. Expertise. n r,,.,la,.t,r n~rlnat• 66 n Gadgets gadgets reports. procured. Motor Vehicles SM. 2002-2004 No. of motor Provincial Provincial Funding; vehicles Administration. Administration. Expertise. bought. Security To be 2002-2003 Security early Provincial Provincial Funding; Warning determ warning Administration Administration. Expenise. System ined. systems reports; functional. NGOs reoorts. Security Roads 10 M. 2002-2004 No security DWO Provincial Funding; roads reports; Administration. Expertise. constructed. Provincial Administration recorts. Establishment 4M. 2002-2008 M&E DDO reports DDO Financing of M&E Institutionalize Data collecting. d and functional. PRA Training 6M. 2002-2008 No. of training DDO reports DDO Financing. sessional held; No. of people trained. DIDC 7M. 2002-2007 No. of DDOreports. DDO Finance; Machines machines and Equipment Equipment equipments Material. bought. Turkana South IM. 2002~2008 No of access KWS reports Local Authority Finance; Game Reserve roads Council TCC Equipment; constructed; minutes. Material. No. of tourists visitinl!. Social Halls 3.2 M. 2002-2008 No. of Social Council minutes Local Authority Finance; Lokichoggio, halls TCC Equipment; Kakuma, constructed. Material. Loki char, No. social- Lorgum, cultural activities carried out. Sale yard 506,92 2002-2008 Livestock sale Council Local Authority; Finance; Kibish 6 yard in place. minutes. TCC. Equipment; Material. Nursery 3M. 2002-2008 No. of nursery DEO reports; Local Authority Finance; Schools schools Council TCC. Equipment; Nad:uki, constructed; minutes. Material. Lorugum, No. of pupils Kakauma, admitted. Nakalale Market stalls IM. 2002-2008 No market DWO sports Local Authority; Finance; Kakuma stalls Council TCC. Equipment; Lokicho22io constructed. minutes. Material. Slaughter 0.9M. 2002-2008 Slaughter DWO reports; Local Authority Finance; Hous'e house in place. Council TCC Equipment; Lodwar minutes. Material. Guest Houses 4.5 M. 2002-2008 No. of guest DWO reports Local Authority Finance; at Kainuk, houses Council minutes TCC Equipment; Kalokol and constructed. Material. Kakuma Borehole 2.8 M. 2002-2008 Borehole DWO reports Local Authority Finance; drilled. Council minutes TCC Equipment; Material. Finance; Sewerage 4.SM. 2002-2008 sewerage DWOreports Local Authority Exhauster exhauster Council TCC Equipment; Material. purchases and minutes. in olace. 67 . HIV/AIDS/ l0M. 2002-2008 No. of MOH reports MOH. Funding; TB Control meetings held; Health survey Implementation. Amount and reports; No. of DOC/DEC condoms minutes; distributed; NACC reports; Increased DACC reports demand for andCACC condoms; reports. No. of health workers, counsellors and teachers trained; No. ofVCC established; Noof HIV/AIDS transmission through blood donation o or' TB centres. Malaria 16M. 2002-2008 Reduce cases Health Surveys MOH. Funding; Control of malaria MOH/DPHO Implementation. Programme related deaths; reports Increase demand for insecticides and treated nets. Water and SM. 2002-2008 % increase of Health surveys; MOH. Funding; Sanitation people MOH/DPHO Implementation. accessible to reports. clean water and use of latrines. Expanded !OM. 2002-2008 % increase in Health surveys; MOH. Funding; Programme of immunization MOH/DPHO Implementation. Immunization coverage. reports. Lodwar 5M. 2002-2004 Roadwork DWO reports; MOH. Funding; Schools of completed; MOH reports; Implementation. Nursing I .vater tank in DDC/DEC place; minutes. Fire fighting equipment in place. Loitaung Sub- 5M. 2002-2004 Electricity in DWO reports; MOH. Funding. District use. MOH reports; Hospital DOC/DEC Kibishi 7,975, 2002-2008 Dispensary DWO MOH. Funding; Dispensary 434.90 block, staff MOH Implementation. houses in use DOC/DEC Borehole in reports. place Latrines in use. Lokongae 10 M. 2002-2008 Dispensary DWO; NACC; Funding; block, staff MOH; DACC; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC CACC; Borehole in minutes. MOH. place; Latrines in use. Nakeret !OM. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; Dispensary 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. 68 Lomeyan !OM. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. . place; Latrines in use. Kapua !OM. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Kamagus I0M. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Makutano I0M. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Naoro I0M. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DOC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Kaikor I0M. 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DDC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Kapeto - 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; Dispensary 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DDC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Kangakipur - 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DDC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Kokuro - 2002- Dispensary DWO reports; MOH. Funding; 2008 block, staff MOH reports; Implementation. houses in use; DDC/DEC Borehole in minutes. place; Latrines in use. Hydatid SM. 2002-2008 % reduction in MOH reports; MOH. Funding; Control hydrated DDC/DEC Implementation. prommme incidences. minutes. Integrated 800,00 2002-2008 % reduction in MOH reports; MOH. Funding; Management 0 mortality of the . DDC/DEC Implementation. of Child under 5 years. minutes. Illnesses Intestinal 400,00 2002-2008 % reduction of MOH reports; MOH. Funding; Worms 0 intestinal -- ...._D_ DC/DEC Implementation. Control wonns. minutes. 69 Community 6,550, 2002-2008 NoofCHWs DWO; MOH. Funding; Capacity 600 and TBAs MOH; Implementation. Building trained. DOC/DEC minutes. Males Ward at 11,034 2002-2008 Ward in place. DWO; MOH. Funding; L.:>dwar ,600 MOH; Implementation. District DOC/DEC Hosnital minutes. Amenity Ward 3,870 2002-2008 Amenity ward DWO; MOH. Funding; in place. · MOH; Implementation. DOC/DEC minutes. Radio SM. 2002-2008 20 Radio MOH reports; MOH. Funding; Communicatio communication DOC/DEC Implementation. n Sets for sets purchased. minutes. Rural Health Facilities Cold Chain 570,00 2002-2008 6 cold chains DWO reports; MOH. Funding; Fridges and 0 fridges in MOH; Implementation. Solar Panels place. DOC/DEC and Battery Set minutes. Microscopes 100,00 2002-2008 4 microscope MOH reports; MOH reports; Funding. 0 in place. DOC/DEC DOC/DEC minutes. minutes. 4.3 SUMMARY OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE INDICATORS. The following performance indicators will determine the impact of project and programmes. 2002 2004 2008 Present Situation Mid-Term End of Plan Period Health Infant Mortalitv 170/1000 160/1000 120/1000 Innnunization covera2e 40% 60% 80% Doctor patient ratio 1:75,000 1:60,000 1:55,000 HIV/AIDS incidence% 30% 15% 5% Crude death rate 16/1000 14/1000 10/1000 Health covera2e 50% 65% 80% Education Primarvschoolemolrnent 33.9% 50% 70% c1.uu.s.1y drop-out rate 62.9% 42% 30% Teacher pupil ratio 1:40 1:40 1:40 Secondary school enrolment 4.95% 8% 12% Secondarvschooldrop-out 24.1% 20% 16% Social Economic lndicaton Absolute povertv 74% 69% 60% Food poverty 81% 71% 62% Hard-core poverty 62% 50% 40% Literacy rate 60% 65% 70% Life expectancy 50 52 55 70