Kenya’s views on social welfare -were first set out in the Kanu Election Manifesto of 1963 and became official policy soon after Independence. They acknowledged that without the personal involvement and social advancement of the individual members of the society, there could be no lasting progress, for the human resource was accepted by the new Government as the foundation of Kenya's national development. As the country enters a new decade, and since this coincides with an accelerated rural development programme, it is advisable to reappraise the policies and achievements of the past few years in light of the rising population, increased urbanization, the resulting disruption of traditional rural life and the migration of rural people into the towns. This document therefore sets out Government thinking on how social welfare development should be organized in the next five years, fields where emphasis should be laid, and the methods which will be employed in the training and recruitment of the personnel needed to implement the new policies.