This paper highlights some of the key issues concerning the role of interest groups in policy formulation, with particular reference to the private sector. It shows that economic interest groups, as opposed to other groups that primarily seek transfers from the government, are best positioned to advocate for pro-growth policies. The paper briefly touches on the various weaknesses of Africa's private sector that make it relatively ineffective in influencing policy. It outlines some key conditions that would be necessary if the private sector representation in policy process is to be effective.