Discussion Paper No. 276 of 2021 on Assessment of Institutional Structures Governing Science Technology and Innovation in Kenya

Abstract

Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) are key for economic transformation of a country and, as such, institutions are necessary for development and promotion of ST&I. Kenya has thus focused on institutional frameworks (policies, legal, and institutions) to govern the ST&I sector and facilitate promotion of ST&I in achieving the country’s development agenda. As such, the country identified ST&I as an enabler to achieving economic transformation of 10 per cent annually through its mainstreaming in agriculture, industry and services sectors of the economy. This study therefore sought to review institutional frameworks and map out institutions guiding ST&I in Kenya using institutional analysis approach modified from Institutional Framework by Ostrom. Some of the gaps identified in the study included ST&I policy framework not fully adopted as it is still a draft; unsustainable funding for ST&I; weak coordination between the various agencies involved in ST&I; no working framework for technology transfer and commercialization; and weak linkage between innovators and the market and the industries for prototypes. Based on these findings, there is call for fast-tracking the adoption and implementation of the ST&I policy framework. NACOSTI and NRF could consider engaging key institutions owning ST&I policy with a view to increasing the funding for ST&I and revitalize and strengthen coordination between NACOSTI, KeNIA and NRF. KeNIA could develop and implement a proper framework for technology transfer and commercialization, and consider creating mechanisms that link innovators with prototypes to markets and industries.