Discussion Paper No. 315 of 2023 on Drivers of Honey Production and Commercialization in Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Lands

Abstract

Honey production and commercialization is a key source of income for households in ASAL regions of Kenya where other forms of agriculture are limited due to climatic conditions. Beekeeping is important for the economy; however, Kenya has not utilized its production potential. Kenya is also a net importer of natural honey. Beekeepers in ASALs face several challenges, including limited access to credit, markets, and market information. This study examines the factors influencing honey production and commercialization in ASAL regions of Kenya, using data from the Kenya Integrated Budget Household Survey (KIBHS 2015/16). A total of 173 beekeeping households extracted across three ASAL regions: non-arid, semi-arid, and arid were studied. The results show that the type of beehive used, access to credit, and pesticide usage significantly influence honey production. Beekeepers who use modern beehives produce more honey than those who use traditional beehives. Access to credit allows beekeepers to invest in necessary resources and infrastructure, which leads to higher honey production. Pesticide usage is associated with lower honey production, as it can kill bees directly, weaken them, and contaminate nectar and pollen. The results also show that credit access and market access are significant factors in honey commercialization, especially in the arid region. The study recommends that policymakers tailor beekeeping support programs to the specific needs of each region, support beekeepers in arid and semi-arid areas by providing them with access to credit and promote sustainable beekeeping practices.