Discussion Paper No. 326 of 2024 on Cyber Security in the Wake of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Kenya

Abstract

Cybersecurity strives to ensure the attainment and maintenance of the security properties of the organization and user’s assets against relevant security risks in the cyber environment. Cybersecurity has been high on the agenda of the United Nations (UN) for a number of years. Kenya faces significant cybersecurity challenges due to rapid technological advancement. The integration of new technologies into critical sectors has increased the nation's vulnerability to cyber-attacks, data breaches, and other cyber threats. Despite the economic and social benefits brought by these technologies, the inadequacy of comprehensive cybersecurity policies and effective enforcement mechanisms leaves the country vulnerable against these evolving threats. The country in the recent past has experienced numerous cyber-attacks hence need for regular update of the cyber security policy and enforcement. This paper delved into the cyber security in the wake of the fourth industrial revolution. Cyber-attacks have been increasing over the years. It was evident that there is the inadequate trained personnels on cybersecurity and trained low operationalization of the ICT ward research centers. The study also establishes that increasing data breaches and cyberattacks have resulted in data losses, financial losses and denial of services. The study establishes technology advancement and regulatory framework as the main driving forces to the status of cyber security. Other factors found to significantly influence cyber security status are inadequate training on cybersecurity and insider threats. Thus, this calls for regular update and review of cybersecurity laws and policies to adapt to the evolving threat landscape and technological changes and that the laws align with global best practices and standards in addressing emerging cyber threats.